Objective: This study was aimed to determine the reasons for extraction of permanent teeth in patients who applied to Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Dentistry in Turkey. Materials and Methods: A clinical survey was done for the patients ranging in age from 11 to 79 years that has undergone tooth extraction at department of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The permanent tooth extraction reasons were recorded excluding third molars. Reasons for tooth extraction were assigned to eight groups: tooth caries, periodontal disease, orthodontic, endo-perio lesions, preprosthetic, patients request, trauma and other reasons. Additionally, frequency of tooth brushing and dental visit, sociodemographic datas such as age, gender, residence place, education and income level were recorded for each participant. Obtained data were statistically analyzed by using descriptive statistics and chi-square test with a significance level at p<0.05. Results: A total of 792 teeth were extracted from 487 patients. Males were 50.7% while females formed 49.3%. The reasons for extractions were: tooth caries 39.6%, periodontal disease 31.2%, orthodontic 1.8%, endo-perio lesions 17.5%, preprosthetic 6.8%, patient request 2.1%, trauma 0.8% and 0.2% other reasons. The tooth type most frequently extracted was the first left mandibular molar. The tooth type least frequently extracted was the left mandibular canine. Conclusion: Both caries and periodontal disease were the main reasons for tooth extraction in this Turkish subpopulation, so that proper oral health system including efficient programs focusing on prevention and treatment of these diseases should be created and developed.