Objective: House dust mite (HDM)- specific sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) has long-term effects contrary to pharmacotherapyin children with asthma. We aimed to study the long-term effects ofSLIT on inhaled corticosteroid usage.Material and Method: Fifty-four asthmatic children who receivedHDM -specific SLIT for at least 3 years and were followed up fora minimum 5 years after cessation of SLIT in addition to pharmacotherapy and 23 patients who received only pharmacotherapyduring the same time period were admitted in the study. SLIT andpharmacotherapy groups were evaluated retrospectively by scanning their medical records in regard to their inhaled corticosteroid(ICS) dose (μg/day), duration (month(s)/year) of ICS, and pulmonary function test (PFT) parameters. Visual analogue scores andsymptom scores recorded for 6 months in their daily record cardsgiven to them were evaluated, and dose (μg/day), and duration ofICS therapy (month(s)/year) were calculated PFTs were performedfor each patient. Based on the diary card records regardingsymptoms, the need for ICS and FEV1%, the patients were grouped as 37 SLIT-responders, 17 SLIT-nonresponders, 15PT-responders, and 8 PT-nonresponders.Results: Reduction in ICS dose was significantly higher for SLIT(407±252 μg)n group in comparison to pharmacotherapy group(224±174 μg) (p=0.009). Duration of ICS usage reduced by 63%(p=0,001) in SLIT-nonresponder group, but in pharmacotherapynonresponder group it decreased by only 11% (p=0,108).Conclusion: SLIT was effective in reducing ICS dose. Duration of ICStreatment did not decrease in the course of time in PT-nonrespondergroup while decreased in SLIT-nonresponder group.