Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the root canal morphology of Vertucci
type I root canal configuration detected in mesial roots of mandibular
first molar teeth using micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT).
Methodology: Micro-CT datasets of 269 specimens were evaluated for
the detection of specimens with Vertucci type I root canal configuration
for further analysis. Major and minor diameter, area, perimeter and
roundness of root canal cross-sections at the beginning and midline of
each root thirds were measured and recorded. The presence of apical
delta, accessory canals, and deviation of major apical foramen from
anatomical apex were investigated. Data was analyzed using descriptive
analysis, ANOVA-Tukey, and Kruskal-Wallis H-Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.
Results: Vertucci type I canal configuration was present in the 4.46% of
the specimens. The specimens often showed accessory root canals (50%)
and apical deltas (41,6%). From the visual analysis of the 3D and 2D
images, significant differences were detected among coronal, middle and
apical thirds of the specimens regarding major and minor diameter, area,
perimeter, and roundness (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Three- and two-dimensional analyses of mesial roots with
Vertucci type I canal configuration indicated that this type of
configuration presents large buccolingual diameters with long oval shape
and has isthmus at coronal and middle thirds. At the apical third the root
canals often terminate in an oval cross-sectional shape.
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Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between dental
caries and hormonal, biochemical parameters in pediatric patients with
early childhood caries (ECC).
Methodology: This study was conducted on fifty pediatric patients who
presented with complaints of pain and caries and underwent dental
treatment under general anaesthesia. In this study, the hormonal,
biochemical parameters (glucose, urea, uric acid, creatinine, AST, ALT,
GGT, CRP, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Glucose, Iron, TSH, FT3 and FT4)
which were routinely taken from patients before general anaesthesia and
the number of decayed, extracted and filled teeth (dmft) obtained as a
result of clinical and radiographic examination were evaluated
statistically in patients aged 2-6 years. Statistical analysis was performed
using Mann Whitney U Test and Spearman correlation coefficient at a
0.05% significance level.
Results: According to the data obtained, the mean dmft of fifty children
(male: 35; female: 15) included in the study was found to be 8.66±3.17.
The mean dmft was 7.93±3.06 in females and 8.97±3.21 in males. No
statistical difference was found between dmft and gender in statistical
analysis. (p>0.05). Uric acid and GGT values, which are among the
hormonal and biochemical parameters, were found to be outside the
normal range in 61.22% of the patients. However, statistical analysis
revealed that there was no significant relationship between dmft and
hormonal, biochemical parameters (p>0.05).
Conclusion: In this study, it was concluded that dental caries did not
cause a significant change in hormonal and biochemical blood parameters
in pediatric patients with ECC.
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Aim: The aim of this in-vitro experimental study is to compare the
biomechanical behaviors of three single-miniplate osteosynthesis
configurations used in the treatment of mandibular angle fractures.
Methodology: Fifteen synthetic polyurethane hemimandible replicas
including the medullar and cortical portions were used in this study. The
replicas were divided randomly into three groups (n = 5/group). Data from
the three groups were compared using analysis of variance and the
Tamhane T2 test. p<0.05 were considered to indicate significance. The
replicas in all groups were fixed with 7-mm-long self-tapping screws and
2.0-mm four-hole miniplates in three different configurations external
oblique, lateral angulus superior and lateral angulus inferior
configuration.
Results: The replicas were tested on a servo-electric test machine, and
the data were transmitted to a computer for analysis of peak
displacement and peak force. Peak load and peak displacement did no
differ significantly among the three groups.
Conclusion: This experimental study showed that the torsional forces
resulting from the fixation of miniplates for the treatment of mandibular
angle fracture did not differ among the three configurations tested.
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Aim: This study was conducted to investigate the level of mercury
transmitted into the blood and hair of rabbits based on the number of
amalgam-filled teeth present in the mouth.
Methodology: A total of 18 male rabbits from New Zealand were used
in the study. The rabbits were separated into 3 groups: a control group,
a dichotomous amalgam-filled group, and a quadruple amalgam-filled
group. Blood samples were collected from the animals before fillings and
after 24 hours, one week and one month after the fillings were applied.
Hair samples were taken before the fillings were applied and at one
month after. Blood and hair samples were taken from the rabbits, and
the transfer of mercury was measured with the hydride system in the
absorption spectrophometer.
Results: The data obtained from the study were evaluated using the
SPSS 21 package program. As compared with the control group at the 24th
hour, no statistical difference was seen between the dichotomous and
quadruple amalgam filling groups in terms of blood mercury level
(P>0.05). However, the levels of blood mercury observed one week and
one month later were significantly higher than in the control group
observed at the same times (p<0.05). Over each time period measured,
the level of blood mercury was found to be similar between dichotomous
and quadruple amalgam filling groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Mercury could not be detected in hair samples. As a result,
it was revealed that amalgam fillings affect the blood mercury level.
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Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the in vitro
antibacterial effect of sodium hypochlorite gel on enterococcus faecalis
during root canal treatment.
Methodology: An electronic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google
Scholar, CENTRAL, Health Advance) was performed (last updated was 1st
April 2019). The reference lists of the included studies were hand
searched. Randomized in vitro studies that compared sodium
hypochlorite gel to solution as a root canal irrigant were included. No
limitation on publications date.
Results: Out of 20741 articles, only two studies with 116 human teeth
were included in this review. The studies showed 50% high risk of bias,
and 50% medium risk of bias for the included studies. Both sodium
hypochlorite gel and solution had some bacterial growth inhibition over
E-faecalis. The heterogeneity in methodology of the included studies and
the lack of high evidence led to contradictory results. However, sodium
hypochlorite solution was better in enhancing the antibacterial effect
according to the robust study.
Conclusions: There is insufficient reliable evidence about the
antibacterial effect of sodium hypochlorite gel on enterococcus faecalis.
Although the robust study included in this review revealed that sodium
hypochlorite gel is less efficient than the solution as a root canal irrigant,
further studies are needed to consider the most effective type,
concentration, duration and treatment protocols in enhancing the
antibacterial effect of sodium hypochlorite.
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Aim: Repairing amalgam restorations with composite resins is a clinical
practice with many advantages. An effective adhesion is achieved
between amalgam and composite by applied different surface treatment
on amalgam surface. In this study, the effect of adhesive systems applied
on amalgam surface on composite-amalgam connection was investigated.
Methodology: Standard cavities were opened in 70 acrylic molds that
had completed their polymerization and amalgams were placed in these
cavities. Seven groups were randomly assigned to different surface
treatments on amalgam. In group 1 only roughening with diamond bur, in
group 2 acid etch, in group 3 acid application after roughening with
diamond bur, in group 4 roughening with diamond bur and silane, in group
5 acid etch and silane, in group 6 roughening with diamond bur and Alloy
Primer and finally 7. acid etch and Alloy Primer was applied in the
samples. After the application of clearfil universal bond to all groups,
composite resins were placed and polymerized. Shear bond strengths
were tested with a Universal testing machine. Obtained data were
evaluated by one way ANOVA and Tukey B tests.
Results: In the statistical evaluation of the groups, the highest shear
bond strength between amalgam-composite was seen in the 3rd group
where both roughening with diamond bur and acid were applied together,
and the lowest shear bond strength was seen in the first group with only
roughening with diamond bur. The differences between the groups were
statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusions: The roughening of the amalgam surface affects the shear
bond strength between amalgam and composite resin. These results
obtained in vitro conditions should be supported with clinical studies.
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Aim: The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the
radiographs of the region of the third molar teeth in adults who presented
with various complaints. The impaction status of these teeth was
examined according to the positions shown, gender and the jaw.
Methodology: A retrospective evaluation was made of the panoramic
radiographs of a total of 664 patients, comprising 341 males and 323
females with a mean age of 23.96 years (range, 17-35 years). The
impaction status and position were examined in a total of 1331 third
molar teeth; 456 maxillary and 875 mandibular.
Results: Of the 875 mandibular third molar teeth, 545 were seen to be
in a vertical position, 234 were mesioangular, 54 distoangular, 32
horizontal and 10 buccoangular. Of the 456 maxillary third molar teeth,
322 were seen to be in a vertical position, 71 were mesioangular, 47
distoangular, 5 horizontal and 11 buccoangular.
In the examination of the impaction status of the third molar teeth, there
was seen to be more impaction of teeth in the mandible than in the
maxilla. The most frequent impaction position of maxillary third molar
teeth was vertical (70.61%) followed by mesioangular (15.57%), and in
mandibular teeth, the most frequent impaction postion was vertical
(62.28%) followed by mesioangular (26.74%).
Conclusions: In conclusion, it can be said that when third molar teeth
are impacted which may cause pathologies, the negative effects of these
must be taken into consideration.
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Aim: In current studies, it is reported that exposure to electromagnetic
field (EMF) is related to numerous illnesses. Important parts of our bodies,
oral and dental tissues can also be influenced by the EMF. In this study,
it was aimed to determine possible negative impacts of EMFs on dental
enamel hardness and to test the efficiency of the antioxidant agents
against possible adverse effects.
Methodology: In this study, 4-month-old 32 Winster strain Albino rats
were used, each weighing 250-300 gr in average. In total, 40 teeth were
used from these 32 rats. These teeth were classified into four groups.
Group 1 was determined as the control group, and Group 2,3, and 4 were
exposed to EMF measured as 2.48 μT magnetic field intensity and 80.3 V
/ m electric field intensity for 52 days. Ganodermalucidum (20 mg/kg/
day) was applied to the Group 3 together with the EMF. Melatonin (10
mg/kg/ day) was applied to the Group 4 together with the EMF. The teeth
pulled out after the euthanasia were embedded into acrylic blocks and
micro-hardness test was applied. The normality of the variables was
analyzed through the Shapiro-Wilk test. After the homogeneity test, oneway
analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare surface microhardness
(p<0.05).
Results: As a result of the conducted statistical analyses, there was
statistically no significant difference among the groups concerning microhardness
(p>0.05).
Conclusions: It was determined in our study that 52-day exposure to
2.48 μT EMF did not cause any micro-hardness change in the tooth
enamels of the rats. It was also observed that the used antioxidant agents
did not cause any significant difference.
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Transversal constriction of the maxilla is a common problem and may
occur due to many reasons. The maxillary expansion procedures can be
classified as rapid maxillary expansion (RME), semi-rapid maxillary
expansion (SRME), and slow maxillary expansion (SME). In orthodontic
treatment procedure, it has been evaluated that it causes root resorption
especially in the support teeth in many apparatus used for orthodontic
treatment and in the expansion apparatus used in the treatment of
transverse direction of maxilla. In this review, we aimed to evaluate
maxiller expansion protocols, and the methods of examining resorption
in support teeth.
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Aim: The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of maxillary
sinus septa (MSS) in a Turkish population, using cone-beam computed
tomography (CBCT).
Methodology: The CBCT images of 350 untreated patients (178 male,
172 female ranging in age between 18 and 65) were included in this study.
The presence or absence of MSS was determined in axial, sagittal, and
coronal planes by considering gender and side. For statistical evaluation,
a chi‐square test was used to determine any differences in the prevalence
of MSS with significance set at 5%.
Results: MSSs were observed in 201 out of 700 sides (28.71%) and 141 out
of 350 patients (40.28%), of which, 70 were in males and 71 in females.
MSS were also observed in a higher prevalence on the bilateral side.
(17.14%). Female patients showed higher prevalence (41.27%) than the
male patients (39.32%).
Conclusions: MSS was observed in 40.28% of examined Turkish subjects
and detected more frequently in females and on the bilateral side.
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