Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of antral pseudocysts (AP), maxillary sinus septas (MSS) and the relationship between AP and MSS by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Methodology: The CBCT scans of 466 patients (237 male, 229 female ranging in age between 13 and 83) were included in our study. The presence or absence of AP and MSS were confirmed at axial, sagittal, and coronal sections of CBCT images by considering gender and localization. For statistical analysis, Pearson chi-square and Spearman correlation tests were used.
Results: One hundred-ninety eight out of 466 (42.49%) patients had AP in the right and left maxillary sinus. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of AP between men and women (p≤0.001). The prevalence of AP was higher in men than in women. Twenty-eight out of 237 patients in men (11.81%) and 35 out of 229 patients in women (15.28%) had MSS in the right and left maxillary sinus.
Conclusion: The prevalence of AP and MSS was 42.49% and 13.52%, respectively and the prevalence of MSS was lower in our study than other studies. We did not determine the relationship between AP and MSS in the maxillary sinuses.
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Aim: The repair of restorations is an eligible method to extend the survival rates of intraoral restorations. There is a consensus that the old surface has to be removed before repair by the use of a sandblaster or rotating instruments. This study aimed to investigate whether a glycine powder can be used successfully in composite repair by measurement of shear and tensile bond strength according to dental standards.
Methodology: The influence of mechanical preparation by no powder, 25 µm glycine powder or 50 µm aluminium-oxide powder and chemical conditioning by the use of bonding, phosphoric acid and bonding or bonding, phosphoric acid and a silane on the repair bond strength of an artificially aged nano-hybrid composite was tested according to the guidelines of DIN 13990 (2017), ISO 29022 (2013) and ISO/TS 11405 (2015). The fracture modes were evaluated by adhesive, cohesive or mixed failures.
Results: There was no significant difference in the performance of the different mechanical and chemical treatments. The shear bond test according to DIN 13990 (2017) produces higher repair bond strengths (26.0±8.9 MPa) than the test described in ISO 29022 (17.9±6.3 MPa). The tensile bond strength according to ISO/TS 11405 (6.9±1.8 MPa) was the lowest. Most adhesive failures occurred with the shear test according to ISO 29022 (41%), followed by DIN 13990 (18%) and the tensile test (4%).
Conclusion: For evaluating the bond strength of composites the test described in ISO 29022 is recommended, because it produces the highest percentage of adhesive failures. Nano-hybrid-composites are robust to different repair protocols.
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Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of partial CPITN (PCPITN) and full-mouth CPITN (FCPITN) indexes from CPITN index versions used in the diagnosis of periodontal disease.
Methodology: The study included 1,000 patients over the age of 20. The clinical attachment loss examination and clinically assisted full-mouth periodontal examination (gold standard) including the depth of the periodontal pocket on probing and dental stones were performed. PCPITN and FCPITN index versions were compared with the gold standard oral examination. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic estimation tables were statistically created from the obtained data.
Results: For Gingivitis, the sensitivity of the PCPITN index was found to be 68.88%, specificity was 85.94% and the field value under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.6893. For periodontitis, FCPITN index sensitivity was 89.28%, specificity was 96.56% and field value under the ROC curve was 0.931.
Conclusion: Although FCPITN and PCPITN indexes have a near moderate value in the diagnosis of gingivitis, they were found to be more effective in the diagnosis of periodontitis. We think that the FCPITN index is particularly effective in the diagnosis of periodontitis. Keywords: Periodontal disease, periodontal index, CPITN index, validity studies.
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Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between dental
caries and hormonal, biochemical parameters in pediatric patients with
early childhood caries (ECC).
Methodology: This study was conducted on fifty pediatric patients who
presented with complaints of pain and caries and underwent dental
treatment under general anaesthesia. In this study, the hormonal,
biochemical parameters (glucose, urea, uric acid, creatinine, AST, ALT,
GGT, CRP, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Glucose, Iron, TSH, FT3 and FT4)
which were routinely taken from patients before general anaesthesia and
the number of decayed, extracted and filled teeth (dmft) obtained as a
result of clinical and radiographic examination were evaluated
statistically in patients aged 2-6 years. Statistical analysis was performed
using Mann Whitney U Test and Spearman correlation coefficient at a
0.05% significance level.
Results: According to the data obtained, the mean dmft of fifty children
(male: 35; female: 15) included in the study was found to be 8.66±3.17.
The mean dmft was 7.93±3.06 in females and 8.97±3.21 in males. No
statistical difference was found between dmft and gender in statistical
analysis. (p>0.05). Uric acid and GGT values, which are among the
hormonal and biochemical parameters, were found to be outside the
normal range in 61.22% of the patients. However, statistical analysis
revealed that there was no significant relationship between dmft and
hormonal, biochemical parameters (p>0.05).
Conclusion: In this study, it was concluded that dental caries did not
cause a significant change in hormonal and biochemical blood parameters
in pediatric patients with ECC.
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Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro effects on microleakage
of LED and halogen light devices used in the polymerization of monomer
structure composite resins of different viscosities and inorganic filling
particle size applied to standard class V cavities in primary teeth.
Methodology: 80 non caries primary molar teeth with standard class v
cavity on the buccal surfaces were used. The teeth were randomly
divided into 4 main groups and restored with composite resins (Herculite®
XRV, Ultra™, Filtek™ Silorane, Vertise™ Flow, Æliteflo™). Each group was
divided into 2 sub-groups for polymerization with LED or halogen light
devices. Following the thermal cycle and subsequent procedures, the dye
penetration method was used to evaluate microleakage. The
microleakage scores were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis and MannWhitney U-tests.
Results: According to the results of the statistical analysis, in
polymerization made with halogen and LED light devices at the occlusal
edge, the microleakage scores from lowest to highest were as follows:
Filtek™ Silorane < Herculite® XRV Ultra™ < Æliteflo™ < Vertise™ Flow. In
polymerization made with halogen and LED light devices at the gingival
edge, the microleakage scores from lowest to highest were as follows:
Filtek™ Silorane < Herculite® XRV Ultr™ < Vertise™ Flow < Æliteflo™.
Conclusion: In the polymerizations made by using LED and halogen light
devices, Herculite® XRV Ultra™, was found to be successful as it showed
similar values to Filtek™ Silorane, which gave the best results in terms of
microleakage. Moreover, as we have reached similar findings in our thesis
study in respect of microleakage, in cases indicating the use of flow
composite resin materials such as Æliteflo™, Vertise™ Flow can be used
as it has the advantage of ease application and thus provide an ideal
alternative in pediatric dentistry.
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Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of in-office and home-based products in
the prevention of dentinal hypersensitivity on dentin discs.
Methodology: Ninety-six dentin disc samples of 1 mm were divided
equally into six groups as follows: TeethmateTM, Smartprotect®,
novamin®, Arginine calcium carbonate, potassium oxalate with rinse and
saline (control). After acid etching, test agents were applied, and eight
samples in each group were subjected to citric acid. SEM examination
(3000x) and statistical analysis were carried out.
Results: Before citric acid challenge, novamin® and teethmate had
superiority when compared to others (p<0.001), but there was no a
statistical difference between novamin® and teethmate. After citric acid
challenge, teethmate and smartprotect showed resistance on occluded
tubules. The decreasing in the level of occluded tubules in novamin®
group was statistically significant (p<0.05). In-office products including
teethmate and smartprotect were found more successful compared to
home-based products. Smartprotect resisted against to citric acid
(0.506).
Conclusion: Novamin® showed a successful occlusion in all tubules
before acid challenge whereas; it was the most unsuccessful group after
acid challenge when compared to other agents. In-office agents were
found to be more successful in reducing dentine permeability than homecare products. In-office agents showed more resistance to acid attacks.
Further studies are needed to assess the efficacy of desensitizer agents.
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Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the root canal morphology of Vertucci
type I root canal configuration detected in mesial roots of mandibular
first molar teeth using micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT).
Methodology: Micro-CT datasets of 269 specimens were evaluated for
the detection of specimens with Vertucci type I root canal configuration
for further analysis. Major and minor diameter, area, perimeter and
roundness of root canal cross-sections at the beginning and midline of
each root thirds were measured and recorded. The presence of apical
delta, accessory canals, and deviation of major apical foramen from
anatomical apex were investigated. Data was analyzed using descriptive
analysis, ANOVA-Tukey, and Kruskal-Wallis H-Wilcoxon signed-rank tests.
Results: Vertucci type I canal configuration was present in the 4.46% of
the specimens. The specimens often showed accessory root canals (50%)
and apical deltas (41,6%). From the visual analysis of the 3D and 2D
images, significant differences were detected among coronal, middle and
apical thirds of the specimens regarding major and minor diameter, area,
perimeter, and roundness (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Three- and two-dimensional analyses of mesial roots with
Vertucci type I canal configuration indicated that this type of
configuration presents large buccolingual diameters with long oval shape
and has isthmus at coronal and middle thirds. At the apical third the root
canals often terminate in an oval cross-sectional shape.
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Aim: In recent years, especially with the increase in aesthetic demands, there has been a requirement to use the best aesthetic materials for dental restorations. These restorations are especially needed in those teeth that have crown loss due to a tooth fracture or extreme anterior tooth decay, post-core treatment has been applied as getting support by tooth roots. Current treatments involve removing the aesthetic disadvantages and making use of the strength resistance of various metals. In this case, zirconium, which is a white-coloured metal, is preferred. In this study, zirconia posts with different surface treatments were cemented to the root canal and bond strength was then evaluated.
Methodology: Forty mandibular second premolar teeth were used in this study. Crowns of all teeth were removed to 14 mm from the enamel-cement margin by separation under irrigation. Root canals were cleaned, shaped and filled. Teeth were kept in distilled water while zirconia posts were prepared. Zirconia posts were divided into four groups according to the surface treatment methods as follows: a control group, a CoJet applied group, a sandblasting+laser group and an Er:YAG laser group. The Er:YAG laser was administered at 450 mJ at 10 Hz for 60 seconds with a 100-μs pulse duration. Surface-treated posts were bonded to the root canal with Panavia F cement. Cores were made with the standardized strip crowns. 5000 cycles, 5-55 °C thermal cycle applied with transition time at 5 seconds. For push-out tests, roots were embedded in translucent acrylic resin and coronal, middle third and apical sections were cut into 1.5-mm slices. The maximum load at failure was recorded for each specimen in newtons and then converted into megapascals (MPa). Each specimen was inspected with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at a magnification of 100 X. Data were analysed using Games-Howell tests with a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The coronal section from Group 3 had the highest mean push-out bond strength (18.01 MPa), while the apical section from Group 1 had the lowest (4.49 MPa). Surface treatments had no significant effect on the mean push-out bond strengths of zirconia posts (p > 0.05). However, dividing the root canal into three sections had a significant effect on bond strength (p < 0.05). When the results were evaluated for all groups, the push-out bond strength was highest in the coronal section, then in the middle third and the lowest in the apical section.
Conclusion: The combined application (sandblasting+laser) had a significant effect on the push-out bond strength of zirconia posts. The root region also had a significant effect on bond strength and there was a significant difference between the apical and coronal sections.
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PEEK is a widely accepted material in medicine and dentistry. The aim of our study is to define and summarize the application areas of PEEK in dentistry. A retrospective literature research was conducted using the keywords ‘polyetheretherketone’, ‘PEEK’, ‘dentistry’, ‘dental’,’ implant’, on the Pubmed and Google Scholar databases. The relevant articles were analyzed and summarized. In this review, the structure, properties and application areas of PEEK are explained. PEEK can be used in the biomedical field due to its excellent chemical and mechanical properties. Thanks to its bone-like elasticity modulus it can be used as an implant material, fixed and removable prostheses, obturators, pediatric dentistry, and orthodontics. In addition, PEEK is an alternative to metals due to its non-allergic and aesthetically acceptable properties. Nevertheless, improving PEEK's properties and increasing biocompatibility is a challenging process. It is expected that the use of PEEK in dentistry will increase due to the modifications applied.
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Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the antibacterial and
antifungal activity of MTA Fillapex with AH 26, AH Plus, and RealSeal root
canal sealers. S. aureus, E. faecalis, and C. albicans were used as test
microorganisms with the agar-diffusion test (ADT) and the direct contact
test (DCT).
Methodology: For the ADT, 48 Mueller-Hinton plates were divided into
3 groups according to the microorganism used. Each group was then
divided into 4 subgroups according to root canal sealer. Mueller-Hinton
and Sabouraud agar mediums were preferred, and inhibition zones were
measured to determine the antimicrobial efficacy at designated
intervals. In the DCT, 96-well microtiter plates were used. For each
microorganism and each sealer, 8 consecutive wells were prepared
vertically on the plate. Microbial suspensions were allowed to directly
contact the sealers in each well for 1 hour at 37°C. Subsequently,
microbial growth was spectrophotometrically measured at set intervals
for the freshly mixed and set forms.
Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the
tested root canal sealers for antimicrobial effectiveness (p < 0.05).
According to the ADT results, all sealers had antimicrobial activity against
the tested microorganisms. MTA Fillapex demonstrated satisfying results
in the ADT against all microorganisms. In the DCT, MTA Fillapex inhibited
bacterial and fungal growth in all freshly mixed and set forms. However,
the set forms of AH 26 and AH Plus began to lose their antimicrobial
activity on the tested microorganisms after a while.
Conclusion: The results showed that the MTA-based root canal sealer
MTA Fillapex may be a favorable alternative sealer against bacterial
and/or fungal species in clinical practice.
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