Normally, birth triggers an acute phase response (APR). In particular, interleukins and proinfl ammatory cytokines released from activated leukocytes
at the site of tissue damage stimulate APR. In the liver, these cytokines also stimulate acute phase proteins (APPs). APPs are one of the options used
in monitoring the health status of animals. This study was evaluated in 12 healthy Holstein cattle, 3-6 years old, who calved at least once. Blood and
milk samples were collected from the animals’ immediately after calving (0 th h) and on the 7th
, 14th
, and 21st days postpartum. Haptoglobin (Hp), serum
amyloid A (SAA), ceruloplasmin (Cp), milk amyloid A (MAA), albumin, total protein (TP) and globulin levels were determined in blood serum and milk
serum samples. In the findings; when the measurements of blood and milk Hp, Cp and SAA and TP values were compared; there was a statistically
significant difference (P<0.05) between 0 th h and 21 st day measurements. In the correlation findings, a relationship was found between APP’s in blood
and milk. In conclusion, this study revealed that APR develops after calving and in the postpartum 21-day period, and the developing APR can clearly be
seen in blood and milk. In addition, it was shown that the APR can be traced from milk in dairy cattle, in the present study.
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Although Tacrolimus (TAC) is a potent and well-tolerated drug, it has some side effects. Melatonin and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) have
some protective properties against drug-induced damage. We aimed to evaluate TAC-induced nephrotoxicity and the protective effect of
melatonin and MMF against this injury in rats. The animals were divided into five equal groups (n=6): Control group (untreated), group II
TAC, group III as the TAC + melatonin, group IV as the TAC + MMF, and group V as the TAC + melatonin + MMF. TAC was applied orally, 2 mg/
kg once daily. Melatonin and MMF were applied orally 10 mg/kg once and 40 mg/kg once daily, respectively. In the TAC group, kidney tissue
malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidative status (TOS), interleukin-1, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were higher, and catalase and
total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were lower. Severe histopathologic changes such as glomerular congestion, intertubular hemorrhage,
hyaline formation, degenerative-necrotic tubules epithelium, and mononuclear cell infiltration were seen in the TAC group. There was a clear
improvement in the groups in which melatonin and MMF were used together with TAC. It was shown that TAC causes nephrotoxicity through
oxidative stress. Melatonin and MMF together or separately protect the kidney against oxidative stress damage caused by TAC
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The overwintering behavior and unigenes related to cold stress were studied in this paper. The pupae of Wohlfahrtia magnifica were placed
at room temperature, 4°C, -5°C, -10°C, -15°C and -24°C respectively, and the recovery experiment after low temperature induction was carried
out. The hatching of the pupae was counted, the shell interior pupae at -5°C, -10°C, -15°C and -24°C were photographed and recorded.
Transcriptome sequencing was performed on the pupae at room temperature (PA), -5°C (PA1) and -10°C (PA2). The results were analyzed
by Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and the HSP67Bc, HSP23, HSP27, HSC70-4 and HSP70Ba
were verified by Q-PCR. The results showed that the expression level of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in PA1 and PA2 were significantly higher
than in PA, and HSP23, HSP27, HSP67Bc, HSP70Ba, HSP60, HSP83 and heat shock protein homologous (HSCs) such as HSC70-4, HSC7-5 were
highly expressed in the pupae under low temperature stress. 13168 and 11161 entries were annotated in GO and KEGG, respectively. Q-PCR
result showed that except HSP67Bc, the analysis results of the other four unigenes were consistent with the data of transcriptome analysis.
Therefore, the overwintering behavior of Wohlfahrtia magnifica was in the form of pupa. HSPs played an important role in the overwintering
process of the Wohlfahrtia magnifica pupa
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Our study aimed to investigate effect of tocilizumab on the lung tissue in the presence of Acinetobacter baumannii infection in immunosuppressed
rats. A forty-eight female Wistar albino rats were divided equally into eight groups: Group 1: Healthy (H), Group 2: Immunosuppressed (IM), Group
3: Healthy rats given A. baumannii bacteria (H+BAC), Group 4: Immunosuppressed rats given A. baumannii bacteria (IM+BAC), Group 5: Healthy rats
given tocilizumab (H+TCZ), Group 6: Immunosuppressed rats given tocilizumab (IM+TCZ), Group 7: Healthy rats given A. baumannii bacteria and
tocilizumab (H+BAC+TCZ), Group 8: Immunosuppressed rats given tocilizumab and A. baumannii bacteria (IM+BAC+TCZ). Fourteen days after the
immunosuppression of group 2, 4, 6 and 8 with hydrocortisone, group 3, 4, 7 and 8 were A. baumannii was dropped into the trachea. One hour after
A. baumannii application, TCZ was administered to Groups 5, 6, 7 and 8. NF-κB, IL-6 and NLRP3 mRNA expressions were decreased in the IM group
compared to the healthy group (P<0.05). Although NF-κB, IL-6 and NLRP3 mRNA expression decreased in the IM+TCZ group compared to the healthy
group (P<0.05) NF-κB, IL-6 and NLRP3 mRNA expression increased in the H+TCZ group (P<0.05). Despite decreasing cytokines, A. baumannii has been
shown to increase infection-related lung injury. This suggests that in patients currently or recently using steroids, tocilizumab may increase organ
damage due to opportunistic infection.
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This study was conducted to assess the usefulness of serum intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (IFABP) and calprotectin (CALP) concentrations
in comparison with other biomarkers [total leucocyte counts (TLC), C- reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT)] in predicting the clinical
severity and prognosis of Canine Parvoviral (CPV) enteritis. Ten healthy dogs (CON group) and 40 dogs with natural CPV enteritis (INF group)
were used. The INF group was also divided into survivor and non-survivor. Blood samples were collected twice in the INF group and once in
the CON group. The clinical health score (CHS) was calculated for each patient by scoring certain clinical findings. Serum CRP and IFABP, and
plasma PCT concentrations of the INF group at hospital admission (0 h) were significantly higher than in the CON group. Compared to the
survivor subgroup, mean serum PCT and IFABP concentrations in the non-survivor subgroup were significantly higher at both 0 h and after
initiation of treatment (24 h), while the mean TLC was significantly lower at 24 h. The correlation between CHS and serum IFABP (r=0.501;
P=0.000) was stronger than other biomarkers evaluated. Based on the sensitivity and specificity from the Receiver Operating Characteristic
curve analysis, TLC (24 h) and serum IFABP (0 h) serve as the most valuable biomarkers among the parameters in this study to predict the
prognosis of CPV enteritis
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n this study, it was aimed to determine the DNA damage using the comet assay, which specifically shows DNA damage in naturally
Babesia spp.-infected sheep and to evaluate the damage before and after imidocarb application. Blood samples obtained from 10
infected sheep with positive clinical signs and symptoms of babesiosis and whose diagnosis was confirmed by Giemsa staining and PCR
methods, and blood samples from 10 healthy sheep were used as study material. DNA damage was examined by the comet assay from
the blood samples of the infected patient group and the control group obtained during the disease and after the treatment, and the
results were compared with statistical methods. When DNA damage was examined in sick animals diagnosed with babesiosis, the tail
length and the tail moment values were found to be statistically significantly higher than the control group (P<0.001). According to the
results obtained after imidocarb application, it was determined that DNA damage and tail moment decreased statistically with imidocarb,
and the difference was statistically significant, and the values were higher than the control group (P<0.001). As a result, Babesia infection
can cause DNA damage, has been confirmed by the determination of direct DNA damage using the comet assay, and imidocarb given
for treatment was successful and reduced the damage.
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Medical record data were analyzed for serum creatinine level in dogs to determine useful associations between the data. Differences in sex,
age, and breed were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test, and multiple factors such as sex were analyzed by contingency table analysis. Of the
3347 dogs that were tested for serum creatinine level, 243 dogs had creatinine over 1.4 mg/dL more than once. The overall rate of renal
dysfunction in all breeds was 7.3%, but the rate for cavalier King Charles Spaniels was 14.1% (P<0.05), and for Shetland Sheepdogs it was
also 14.1% (P<0.05), both significantly higher than the overall rate.
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Muhammad SHAHID, Ahmad ALI, Yasir Razzaq KHAN, Omer NASEER, Ameer Hamza RABBANI, Kashif HUSSAIN, Abdullah Saghir AHMAD, Muhammad SAAD, Muhammad Luqman SOHAIL, Kashif PRINCE
Muhammad SHAHID, Ahmad ALI, Yasir Razzaq KHAN, Omer NASEER, Ameer Hamza RABBANI, Kashif HUSSAIN,
... Devamını oku
Biceps tendon rupture is a rare condition that has been previously reported in athletic animals. In the present case study, biceps tendon
rupture was diagnosed in two Beetal goats. Tendon rupture was indicated by performing a biceps test while diagnostic confirmation was
achieved by arthrography and ultrasonography. Bicep tendon appeared hyperechoic but it was noted with disruption and swollen (slightly
hypoechoic). Moreover, it was moderately in-homogenous fibrillar structure. While some parts of the tendon has normal echo structure.
Tenotomy was performed to mitigate the aforementioned rupture. The follow-up of cases were done for six weeks after the surgery, whereby
both goats demonstrated complete recovery. Despite the infrequency of biceps tendon rupture in pasture animals, analysis of diagnostic
procedures and surgical stabilization was undertaken for its mitigation is imperative for the clinical understanding of the affecion.
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ctinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Haemophilus parasuis, and Pasteurelle multocida are common pathogens of respiratory diseases in the pig
industry, and they may cause secondary infections and serious economic losses to the pig industry. The clinical symptoms caused by these
three pathogens are difficult to distinguish with the naked eye, and mix infections bring difficulties to the diagnosis of diseases. In this study,
specific primers were designed on the basis of A. pleuropneumoniae Apx IV, H. parasuis Omp P2 and P. multocida PlpE gene. The expected
amplified products of A. pleuropneumoniae, H. parasuis, and P. multocida were 157, 120 and 305 bp, respectively. After the amplified fragment
was cloned into a vector, a standard plasmid was constructed. By using the standard plasmid as template, a fl uorescence quantitative PCR
method for simultaneous detection of A. pleuropneumoniae, H. parasuis, and P. multocida multiple SYBR Green I was established. Combined
with melting curve analysis, the sensitivity, specificity, and repeatability were also evaluated. The results showed that the sensitivity of the
method for detecting the three pathogens were 147, 145, and 61 copies/μL. On the same melting curve that produced three specific Tm
peaks, no cross reaction with other bacteria was observed, and the method demonstrated good specificity and repeatability. This method
could be used for the simultaneous detection of the three pathogens, thus providing an effective detection tool for disease prevention and
treatment
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Xinyao LI, Shaoxun TANG, Zuo WANG, Lingyuan YANG, Xinyi LAN, Zhiliang TAN, Bolin FENG, Peihua ZHANG
Xinyao LI, Shaoxun TANG, Zuo WANG, Lingyuan YANG, Xinyi LAN, Zhiliang TAN,
... Devamını oku
The current study determined the effects of dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) on milk performance, total apparent digestibility, and
blood parameters in lactating cows subject to heat stress. Eight Chinese Holstein cows (22.04±2.38 kg of milk/d, 512±76 kg of body weight,
219±20 d in milk) at the late stage of lactation were allocated to group 1 or 2. We used a randomized complete block design with a 2x2
factorial arrangement. The experiment consisted of two periods. Each period lasted 21 days, including the first 14 days for adaptation to the
diet and the following seven days for trail. During period 1, group 1 fed with DCAD at 335 mEq/kg dry matter (the basal diet=CON) and group
2 fed 507 mEq/kg dry matter (high DCAD). During period 2, group 1 diet (the basal diet = CON) was swapped group 2 diet (high DCAD). The
high DCAD had no significant effects on the respiratory frequency, rectal temperature, blood pH value, the acid-base balance, milk yield,
milk composition, and feed intake (P>0.05). However, the high DCAD was associated with lower somatic cell count (SCC) in milk (P=0.04) and
lower immune cell counts in blood, which was conducive to the improvement of milk quality. The apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic
matter, energy, neutral detergent fiber, and ethyl extract was greater in the high DCAD group (P<0.05). In summary, increasing DCAD in the
diet could stabilize milk production and feed intake, improve milk quality and apparent digestibility in lactating cows subject to heat stress.
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