Introduction: To demonstrate the effect of concha bullosa (CB)
on the height of the skull base.
Methods: We retrospectively scanned the files of 1022 patients
who had undergone paranasal sinus tomography for sinusitis
in our hospital. Three hundred thirty patients had bilateral,
and 330 had unilateral CB, but 330 patients did not have
CB. Patients with inappropriate sections and positions were
excluded from the study. A total of 990 patients aged between
18 and 72 years were included in the study. Five hundred sixtyseven of the patients were female, and 423 were male. In each
group, the heights of the right and left skull base of male and
female patients were compared within themselves and between
each other. The height of the skull base was measured in the
coronal plane along the lateral lamella between the cribriform
plate and the fovea ethmoidalis, and these measurements
were classified as Keros classification. (Keros type 1: 1-3 mm,
Keros type 2: 4-7 mm, Keros type 3: 8-16 mm).
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the
comparison between right and left skull base heights of female
and male patients in bilateral CB group. Also, there was no
statistically significant difference between the comparison of
women and men within themselves. There was a statistically
significant difference between CB side and non-CB side
skull base heights of female and male patients in unilateral
CB group, although there was no statistically significant
difference between the comparison of women and men within
themselves.
Conclusion: In patients with unilateral CB, there is skull base
asymmetry between the sides of CB and non-CB, and this
should be taken into consideration to prevent complications.
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Approximately 50% of lung cancer patients have distant
metastases at diagnosis. Intestinal metastasis of lung cancer
is quite rare and mostly asymptomatic as well. A 65-yearold
male patient had been referred to a peripheral hospital
with the complaint of abdominal pain. A mass lesion located
on the apex of the right lung had been detected; as well as
brain and abdominal metastases had been documented and
oncotherapy had been planned accordingly. Several days later,
he was referred to emergency surgery department due to the
symptoms of acute abdomen. Tests showed hollow organ
perforation, and the patient underwent operation later on.
Perforation secondary to metastatic small intestine implant
was observed per-operatively and so, small bowel resection
was performed accordingly. The pathology revealed metastatic
adenocarcinoma of lung cancer. The prognosis of lung cancer
patients having bowel metastasis is poor with a low rate of
survival. In this study, we aimed to present a case of metastatic
lung cancer patient who had Acute Abdomen syndrome due to
perforation secondary to small bowel metastasis.
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Introduction: The aetiology of lumbar pain is multifactorial. One of the primary factors among these is disc degeneration, and degenerative processes lead to endplate changes. This study aimed to determine the incidence rate of Schmorl’s nodes (SN), especially those accompanied by modic changes, among cases with lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRIs) performed as part of their clinical examination upon arrival at the clinic due to lumbar pain.Methods: This study consisted of 128 patients who were admitted with low back pain and lumbar MRI were taken into the process. Age, gender, pain level has been recorded. All lumbar spinal disc spaces It has been evaluated. The incidence and sizes of the SN reveal SN observed especially with modic degeneration It has been studied in detail.Results: The cases with and without modic degeneration were evaluated using the significance test for the difference between two proportions, and the results were not statistically significant (p>0.05). The cases with modic type-1 and type-2 degenerations were evaluated separately, but the frequency was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The separate comparisons of type-1 and type-2 modic degenerations against type-3 resulted in a statistically significant difference (p<0.05).Conclusion: This study aimed to analyse the prevalence of SN in cases that underwent lumbar MRI due to lumbar pain and to reveal the difference between the frequency, size and pain character of SN in levels with modic degeneration. This study suggests that especially oedematous cases bigger than 10 mm are triggered by type-1 and type-2 degenerations. Analgesic anti-inflammatory treatments can be applied as well as protective treatments and rehabilitative programmes in order to treat these cases. In case of chronic pain, it can be controlled with vertebral fusion, vertebroplasty cement application, bone strengthening and intradiscal operations.
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Introduction: To date, biomarkers have played a minimal role in the early diagnosis of breast cancer. Although its effects on metabolism are not well known, studies have shown that hypoadiponectinaemia is associated with increased insulin resistance and risk for type-2 diabetes. We aimed to investigate the value of adiponectin together with laboratory results, anthropometric measurements and histopathological findings in assessing the risk of breast cancer and for use in early diagnosis.Methods: In this study, serum samples were obtained from 59 recently diagnosed breast cancer patients and 47 cancer-free controls aged between 22 and 82 years to assay serum adiponectin, lipids, fasting blood glucose and insulin; homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and body mass index were calculated using the anthropometric measurements. Histopathologic findings were extracted from the patients’ files.Results: Our results revealed that adiponectin serum levels and HOMA-IR values were significantly different between patients and controls. In addition, serum adiponectin levels were lower in postmenopausal breast cancer patients compared to the controls (p=0.03).Conclusion: In fact, a serum adiponectin level below 4.46 mg/L may be in favour of postmenopausal breast cancer (area under the curve =70%). However, Cerb-B2 expression in patients did not correlate with serum adiponectin levels. These findings have implications for further research on adiponectin as well as the in early diagnosis of postmenopausal breast cancer with possibly higher test sensitivity.
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Dysplastic kidney cysts are developmental cysts of the kidney. They are mostly multi-cystic, and usually involve the whole kidney. In addition, the segmental and solitary form is rare. A one-year-old boy with an antenatal ultrasound diagnosis of a left kidney cyst was followed-up. Postnatal ultrasound examination revealed a duplex left kidney with a cystic dilatation in the upper pole and a normal appearing parenchyma in the lower pole. The cystic lesion (10×10 cm) with an upper polar location that did not show any regression was excised laparoscopically. The ureter communicating with the cystic component of the kidney was not seen on the left side during laparoscopy. Histopathologic diagnosis was a cystic renal dysplasia. We present a very rare case of a duplex kidney with a solitary dysplastic cyst and ureteric atresia and discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic process.
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Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is a therapy method based on
inhalation of 100% pure oxygen through a mask or endotracheal
tube or directly from the environment while subjected to
a fully closed pressure chamber with >1 atmosphere. It has
been successfully used to treat many diseases from different
medical specialties. This review, apart from describing the
general features of HBO therapy, emphasises on its therapeutic
application in different medical specialties. This would
promote its usage, alongside other methods, by physicians
from different clinical fields.
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Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate patients who
presented with eyelid tumour and to evaluate the masses
pathologically.
Methods: Between March 1, 2016- April 1, 2019, 2019, age,
gender, eyelid side, pathological evaluation results and surgical
margin status of the patients who presented to our clinic with
eyelid mass were evaluated.
Results: During the study period, 212 patients with a mean age
of 55±16 years (range, 15-85 years) who underwent surgery
because of an eyelid mass were included in the study. Among
these patients, 78 (37.8%), 74 (35.9%) and 54 (26.2%) underwent
surgery of the right, left and both eyelids, respectively, whereas
55 (26.9%), 128 (62.7%) and 21 (10.2%) underwent surgery of the
lower, upper and both lower and upper eyelids, respectively.
A total of 376 eyelid mass surgeries were performed. Among
these masses, 371 (98.6%) were benign and 5 (1.3%) were
malignant. Regarding pathological types of benign masses, 71
(19.1%) were seborrheic keratosis, 70 (18.8%) were squamous
papilloma, 53 (14.21%) were fibroepithelial polyps, 52 (14.2%)
were xanthelasma, 35 (9%) were intradermal nevus, 22 (5.9%)
were epidermoid cyst, 14 (3.8%) were verruca vulgaris and 51
(13.7%) were different types of tumours. Five patients were
diagnosed with malignant eyelid tumours; three of them had
basal cell carcinoma, one had squamous cell carcinoma and
one had malignant melanoma.
Conclusion: Although eyelid tumours are mostly benign
tumours, malignant tumours may be present in some cases.
Pathological evaluation of valve masses obtained surgically is
important to determine the prognosis of patients.
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Introduction: This study aimed to determine internet use
among a certain number of patients with regard to the three
prevalent rheumatic diseases in clinical practice and more
importantly to evaluate the quality of information available
on the internet using the DISCERN scoring system.
Methods: The study population consists of patients with
rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and fibromyalgia.
As part of this study, we conducted a survey and recorded
whether or not they researched over the internet concerning
their diseases. After the survey, we also tested the reliability of
the websites. We analysed websites using the DISCERN scoring
system in order to determine to what degree these websites
contained sufficient.
Results: We found that 102 out of 173 cases (58.9%) used the
internet to get information about their disease, while 71 cases
(41.04%) did not conduct any internet research. According
to the DISCERN scoring, the aforementioned websites were
evaluated with 15 questions in the survey. Consequently, it was
inferred that among these websites, 24 (27.2%) had high-level
(4 to 5 points), 44 (50%) had medium-level (2 to 3 points) and
20 (22.7%) had poor-level (1 point) quality and reliability.
Conclusion: The digital interest that has gradually increased
in the recent years has become a concern as patients desire
to have information on the course and treatment of their
rheumatic diseases. It should be acknowledged that patients
with long-term treatment and follow-up processes are not
and will not be guided only by their doctors. Physicians may
improve the quality of life of their patients and help themavoid unnecessary anxieties, if they regard the foregoing when
they inform and instruct them
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Introduction: Sarcopenia and malnutrition are geriatric
syndromes that reduce quality of life and muscle function in
old age. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status
of geriatric patients, determine the status of sarcopenia, and
investigate the relationship between them.
Methods: The study was conducted between November
2018 and April 2019 with 100 patients aged ≥65 years who
were hospitalised in University of Health Sciences Turkey,
İstanbul Training and Research Hospital. The demographic
characteristics of the included patients were used to evaluate
nutritional status and sarcopenia. The Mini Nutritional
Assessment form was used, and anthropometric measurements,
bioimpedance analysis method, hand grip strength and time
walk test were performed. The patients’ treatment clinics,
hospitalisation indications, length of hospital stay and
comorbidities were determined.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 71.8±6.2 years,
and 35% and 65% were women and men, respectively.
Malnutrition and risk of malnutrition were observed in 8%
and 50% of the patients. In addition, sarcopenia was found in
5% of the patients. A significant relationship was determined
among age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), upper arm
circumference measurement and nutritional status. Muscle
function adequacy (p=0.00) and hand grip strength test results
(p=0.002) were lower, and time walk test results (p=0.00) were
longer in malnourished patients compared with those without
malnutrition (p<0.05). Weight, BMI, muscle function, and
adequacy of muscle mass were significantly lower in patients
with sarcopenia compared with those without sarcopenia
(p<0.05). The risk of malnutrition was 60% in patients with
sarcopenia, and malnutrition in 8.4% of patients without
sarcopenia, and malnutrition in 47.5%. The distribution of
sarcopenia did not differ based on the nutritional status
(p>0.05).
Conclusion: To prevent malnutrition and sarcopenia or
their progress in hospitalised patients, nutritional status and sarcopenia should be evaluated, and patients should be
treated and followed up during hospitalisation. Regardless of
nutritional status, all hospitalised elderly patients should be
controlled for the risk of sarcopenia.
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Introduction: Breast milk is not only the ideal nourishment
for babies, but is also unique in terms of its health benefits for
mothers and economic benefits for the society. The World Health
Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund support
exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of post-natal life.
Methods: A total of 355 mothers who all delivered in our
hospital were included in this study. A questionnaire was created
to include questions regarding the mothers’ opinions about
breast milk and their reasons for continuing or discontinuing
exclusive breastfeeding. We collected other data separately,
including the socio-cultural and socio-economic characteristics
of the mothers, fathers and babies. Using the data collected,
the mothers were grouped and compared according to their
breastfeeding behaviour. Fathers were also grouped according
to their paternal characteristics and their potential impact on
the mothers’ breastfeeding behaviour was investigated.
Results: In this study, 49% of the mothers expressed the belief
that breast milk is healthy and protects babies from diseases.
Of the mothers who discontinued exclusive breastfeeding,
44.3% did so because they thought their milk was insufficient
for their babies. In addition, 56.5% of mothers continued
exclusive breastfeeding at post-natal month 4 and 35.2% at
month 6. A higher percentage of mothers with a high level
of education continued exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.011).
There was no statistically significant difference between the
different age groups in terms of breastfeeding behaviour.
Mothers with healthy medical histories were found to have
continued exclusive breastfeeding for longer periods than
the others (p=0.037). Mothers who had help at home also
continued exclusive breastfeeding for longer periods (p=0.031).
Mothers using pacifiers were found to have a higher exclusive
breastfeeding discontinuation rate than the others (p=0.007).
Conclusion: The leading reasons for discontinuing breastfeeding
are incorrect and inadequate information about breastfeeding.
Therefore, it is imperative that mothers are supported with
appropriate and consistent education, both before and after
birth, regarding the benefits of continued breastfeeding.
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