Scoliosis-specific exercises defined as “Physiotherapy Scoliosis-Specific Exercises” are individually adapted to the curvature characteristics, size, and location and are aimed at stopping progression and improving the curvature. Schroth, Schroth Best Practice, Lyon Method, Scientific Exercise Approach to Scoliosis, Barcelona Scoliosis Physical Therapy School, Dobomed, Side Shift, and Functional Individual Therapy of Scoliosis are scoliosis-specific physiotherapy exercise methods developed in different European countries and used in the treatment of scoliosis all over the world.
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Objective: This study was conducted to identify the levels of ethical decision making of nurses and the factors affecting it.
Material and Methods: The sample of this descriptive study included 232 nurses working in the operating room and the intensive care unit at three different hospitals. Data were collected using a personal information form and a Nursing Ethical Dilemma Test. The 3 sub-dimensions of the scale are Principle Thinking, Practical Considerations, and Familiarity. Data were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics 16.0 (SPSS Inc.; Chicago, IL, USA) package program, with mean, standard deviation, Mann–Whitney U test, and Kruskal–Wallis test.
Results: The Principle Thinking point average of 45.60±7.45 and the Practical Considerations point average of 21.09±4.23 were rated as medium level. Familiarity point average was 16.12±3.99. The difference between the Practical Consideration scores according to thegender and places of work of the nurses was significant. According to the educational status of the nurses, the average Principle Thinking points differed significantly. The difference between the Familiarity score averages of the nurses was found to be significant according to the duration of the work experience and the place of work.
Conclusion: It was confirmed that the nurses were on familiar with ethical dilemmas, they were capable of average ethical decision making when facing ethical dilemmas, and their ethical decisions were affected by environmental factors. It is suggested that ethical decision making should be taught in nursing education and in-service training.
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Difficulties in participation in physical activities faced by individuals who are wheelchair dependent with cerebral palsy and other disabilities lead to a sedentary lifestyle. As a result, their physical fitness levels are far below normal, and these individuals are at a very high risk of health problems related to inactivity and obesity compared with their healthy peers. In order to reduce these risks and prevent additional health problems, it is vital to provide opportunities to participate in physical activities that are suitable for individuals with severe disability. Studies investigating the participation of children and adults with disability in physical activities mostly include individuals who can walk independently or with an aid. Research about the participation in physical activity of individuals who are wheelchair-dependent and severely disabled is very limited, and little is known about the activities and programs that can be recommended for these individuals. The aim of this review is to emphasize the importance of participation in physical activity and sports for individuals with severe disability, especially those with cerebral palsy, and to increase the awareness of Paralympic boccia among the related professionals as an activity that will increase social participation of persons with severe disability.
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In the last days of 2019, local hospitals in Wuhan city (population of 11 million) reported several pneumonia cases with unknown etiology among people linked to the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market. The virus, which is thought to be the source of the unknown viral infection, was first identified as a new type of coronavirus on January 7, 2020. With the first case reported in Thailand about a week later, the virus’s spread outside the borders of China became apparent. In an alarmingly short time, the new type of coronavirus disease (called COVID-19) started to gain worldwide recognition with the detection of various COVID-19 cases in multiple countries, including Japan, South Korea, USA, Singapore, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and England. As a result of its rampant spread and fatal clinical manifestations, the coronavirus outbreak was declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020, by the World Health Organization (WHO). Turkey announced its first confirmed case of COVID-19 on the same date that WHO characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic. As of April 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has traveled to 209 countries and territories around the world, infecting more than 3 million people. Since specific treatment and vaccine for COVID-19 are not yet available, early case detection and preventive healthcare practices (isolation, social distancing, and personal hygiene) play a critical role in combating the COVID-19 outbreak. This review is intended to build an overall picture of the COVID-19 outbreak based on the available scientific knowledge.
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Objective: This study was conducted to examine postgraduate theses in the field of internal medicine nursing.
Material and Methods: This study, registered in the archives of Higher Education Council National Thesis Center, examined 332 theses, between January 01, 2009, and January 01, 2019. The theses were accessed online by entering “internal medicine nursing” in the search section of the detailed search department of Higher Education Council National Thesis Center. A descriptive research design was used in the research model, and the data were collected using the “Thesis Review Form” created by the researchers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. Ethical approval was obtained from the scientific ethics committee of a university.
Results: Of the total theses examined, 71.1% belonged to master’s degree and 28.9% belonged to doctorate degree. Master’s theses are mostly descriptive (67.4%), experimental (15.7%), and methodological (12.7%). The majority of doctoral theses were experimental (76%), methodological (15.7%), and cross-sectional (6.25%). When the distribution of the theses was examined according to the subjects, it was determined that the master’s theses were mostly directed to the fields of hematology-oncology, cardiovascular diseases, and endocrinology. Doctoral theses were frequently conducted in the fields of endocrinology, cardiovascular diseases and hematology-oncology.
Conclusion: It is seen that both the master’s and doctoral theses have the same subject areas. Besides, it is seen that theses gained momentum in terms of quantity and quality. It is thought that determining the study areas and the gaps in this area will contribute to academic development.
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Objective: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between job satisfaction and organizational trust of nurses’ personal and professional characteristics.
Material and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. Three forms were used: 1- questions about demographic characteristics, 2- Minnesota job satisfaction scale, and 3- organizational confidence scale. Data were obtained through face-to-face interviews with the nurses. The study was conducted with 456 nurses who met the inclusion criteria. Quantitative data were analyzed using a computer. T-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses were used. Statistical significance was accepted as p<0.05. (ethics committee permission number: 2017/381)
Results: As the organizational trust levels of the nurses increased, job satisfaction levels increased (p<0.01). As age, years in the occupation, and years of working in the institution/service increased, job satisfaction scores, trust in managers, and trust in the institutions increased (p<0.01). There is a positive relationship between continuous day shift work, satisfaction with the unit, job satisfaction, and organizational trust scores. Satisfaction with the department alone significantly increased both job satisfaction and organizational trust scores (p=0.001). The sub-dimension of trust in the colleagues was not affected by any factor other than being satisfied with the unit and the department studied (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Our results show that the relationship between the variables can vary. Education, gender, marital status, and economic status are not the factors affecting the organizational trust. Being married is a factor that increases the job satisfaction score. Trust in the colleagues varies according to the unit studied.
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Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of home exercise program against transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and supervised exercise in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS).
Material and Methods: Forty-two patients (29 women, 13 men) diagnosed with SIS (stage I and II) were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups—the supervised group (TENS and supervised physiotherapy program) and the home exercise group. The patients were evaluated at the beginning and at 6 weeks. Numerical rating scale for pain (NRS), goniometer for joint range of motion (ROM), hand dynamometer for muscle strength, modified push-up test for endurance, and functionality for disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand questionnaire (DASH), Constant-Murley score (CMS), and timed functional arm and shoulder test (TFAST) were used.
Results: Although pain status decreased significantly in both the groups, it decreased more in the supervised group (p≤0.05). Active ROM was significantly increased in both the groups (flexion, abduction, internal and external rotation) (p≤0.05). Endurance, muscle strength, DASH, CMS, and TFAST scores improved significantly in both the groups after treatment (p≤0.05). When the groups were compared, no difference was found (p>0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results of our study, exercises performed under the supervision of a physiotherapist and TENS in patients with SIS have similar effects on ROM, muscle strength, and endurance when compared with those with home exercises.
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The material and methods section contains information that allows us to determine the validity and reliability of a study. This section describes the design of the study, which processes were performed and by whom, when, where, which tools are used, and how the results are analyzed. If it is well organized, this section allows other scientists to evaluate the findings of the study and thus repeat similar studies. Although there are writing differences for different research types and disciplines, the material and methods section that provides clear, sufficient, and detailed information increases the reliability of the manuscript as well as the likelihood of its publication. Editors and reviewers pay the most attention to this section when deciding whether or not to publish an article. For this reason, it is important that researchers know and apply how to write the material and methods section in different research types. This review was prepared to increase the researchers’ knowledge and awareness about how to write an exact material and methods section in qualitative, quantitative, systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-synthesis studies.
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Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the medication errors that the intern nurses witnessed during pediatric practice.
Material and Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 201 intern nurses who completed pediatric practice (5 weeks) between September 15, 2018, and June 15, 2019, in Gaziantep University Faculty of Health Sciences Nursing Department. The questionnaire form prepared by the researchers by examining the literature was used. Descriptive analysis (number, percentage, arithmetic mean) was used for the data obtained from the questionnaire form.
Results: It was determined that 42.8% of the intern nurses participating in the study witnessed medication errors. It was determined that 15.4% of the witnessed errors were giving the wrong dose of medication, 10.9% were giving the wrong drug, and 10% were giving to the wrong child. It was stated that 33.8% of the witnessed errors did not affect/reach the patient and 35.8% were not reported. According to the intern nurses, 47.3% of the medication errors that occurred in the pediatric clinic were due to the high workload of nurses in the clinic.
Conclusion: In our study, it was determined that almost half of the intern nurses have witnessed medication errors, the most common among them being wrong dose, wrong drug, wrong child, and wrong method. Most of the errors do not affect the patient, and reporting rate of the errors is low. The most important causes of medication errors are the high workload of nurses in the clinic and lack of communication.
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Objective: This study was carried out retrospectively to investigate the type, frequency, and physical effects of trauma in 0- to 6-year-old children admitted to the emergency department.
Material and Methods: The data were collected using the admission record of emergency department and patient follow-up forms of 1,237 pediatric trauma patients between the ages of 0 and 6 years from January 2014 to January 2017. The data collected were transferred retrospectively to the “data collecting form,” which was prepared by the researcher. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences 21.0 (IBM SPSS Corp.; Armonk, NY, USA) package program.
Results: Of the total patients, 57.2% were male, and 35.7% were between 0 and 12 months old. The reasons for admission of these patients were stated as falling down (48.7%), hitting (13.6%), and falling from a height (13.4%). In addition, it was indicated that the injuries of the patients admitted to the ER were head and neck injury (67.4%) and extremity trauma (28.9%). When the patients’ ages and other variables were compared, it was observed that children in the age group of 0–12 months stayed in the ER more than any other age groups; falling down from a height was mostly seen in the 0–12 months age group; pulling of arm and presence of foreign bodies in the eye, ears, and nose were mostly seen in the 13–36 months age group; hitting, squeezing, and distortion of extremities were seen mostly in the age group of 37–72 months (p<0.05). It was found that head and neck injuries were more frequent in children in the age group of 0–12 months than older children, whereas thoracic injuries were more frequent in the age groups of 0–12 and 37–72 months.
Conclusion: The result of this study is that the trauma in the age group of 0–6 years can be prevented by taking some precautions by the families by considering the children’s developmental features.
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