Objective: It has been reported that there is a significant relationship between obesity
and mental health problems, and the exposure to peer bullying plays a mediating role
in this relationship. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of peer bullying in children with
obesity and to investigate the relationship between bullying and anxiety and depression
levels.
Methods: A total of 64 patients aged between 8 and 16 years with obesity and 51 ageand
gender-matched healthy children and adolescents without obesity were included in
the study. Children in both groups were administered the Children’s Depression Inventory
(CDI) to determine their depression levels, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to determine
their anxiety levels, and the Revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire for Students
to evaluate the bullying status.
Results: Peer bullying rates, CDI, and STAI scores were significantly higher in children and
adolescents in the obesity group compared with those in the control group (P < .05 for all).
In the obesity group, depression and anxiety scores were found to be higher in children
who were exposed to bullying compared with those who were not exposed to bullying
(P < .05 for all). Obesity was found to increase the likelihood of peer bullying by 3.015
times (P = .018), and it was also found that the increase in the symptoms of trait anxiety
and depression increased the likelihood of peer bullying (P = .01, P = .002, respectively).
Discussion: In this study, it was shown that obesity is a risk factor for peer bullying, and
both obesity and peer bullying negatively affect children’s mental health. More detailed
studies that explain the relationship between obesity, bullying, and mental problems will
guide clinicians in obesity management.
|
Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible relationship theory of mind
(ToM) and emotion regulation (ER) skills in adolescents diagnosed with autism spectrum
disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Methods: This study comprised 60 individuals with ADHD and 60 individuals with ASD
according to DSM-5 and between the ages of 12-16, and 60 adolescents without any psychiatric
diagnosis. The Turkish version of the schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia
for school-age children, both present and lifetime versions, was applied to assess
psychopathology and comorbidity. The intelligence level of the patients was assessed
with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised. Reading the mind in the eyes
test, the Faux Pas Test, and the hinting task were given to patients to evaluate the ToM
skills. The difficulties in ER Scale were also used to evaluate the skills of regulating emotions.
Results: Adolescent patients with ADHD and ASD have difficulties in ToM and ER skills.
Adolescents diagnosed with ASD had more difficulty in ToM and ER than adolescents with
ADHD.
Discussion: This study supports the idea that ADHD and ASD are related to deficits in ToM
and ER skills. Therefore, further studies are required to confirm the findings of this study.
|
Headache is generally perceived as a negative symptom focused on oneself. However,
there are reports suggesting that patients suffering from pain, especially headache, can
be aggressive. The precise nature of the link between headache and aggression is not
known. Here, we describe a homicidal attack, triggered by headache, in a middle-aged
man. The patient’s background and the characteristics of the attack suggested a dissociative
behavior. The case shows that headache may be a trigger for homicidal behavior.
Case-control studies are needed to determine the prevalence of aggressive tendencies in
patients with headache.
|
Serpil ERŞAN, Aydın KURT
Serpil ERŞAN, Aydın KURT
Objective: It is known that impaired energy metabolism contributes to the neuropathol-ogy of bipolar disorder (BD). This study aimed to compare the levels of glucagon-like pep-tide-1 (GLP-1), adropin, and desnutrin, which have many metabolic functions besides the regulation of energy metabolism, between patients with BD and healthy controls and to investigate the related factors. Methods: In the study group, 73 age- and sex-matched participants were included. Of them, 35 were patients diagnosed with BD and 38 were healthy individuals. In the blood samples, in addition to routine biochemistry lipid parameters, the levels of adropin, desnutrin, and GLP-1 were determined. Results: Adropin, desnutrin, and GLP-1 levels were significantly lower in patients with BD than in healthy controls (P < 0.001). In contrast, body mass index, total cholesterol, tri-glyceride, and low-density lipoprotein levels were significantly higher in patients with BD than in healthy controls (respectively P < 0.001, P = 0.001, P = 0.002, P = 0.001). It was ob-served that adropin levels decreased significantly as the duration of the disease increased. Conclusion: The low levels of adropin, desnutrin, and GLP-1 that we determined in pa-tients with BD indicate that these peptides may be important in BD pathophysiology.
|
Objective: This study aimed to reveal a process model of the relations between automatic
thoughts, dysfunctional attitudes, social problem-solving skills, and social media addiction. In this context, the aim was to investigate the mediating effect of automatic thoughts
and social problem-solving skills in the relationship between intermediate beliefs and social media addiction.
Methods: This study included 56 male and 107 female young adults aged 18-25 years who
were referred to the psychiatry outpatient clinic of Yenimahalle Training and Research
Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. The participants completed sociodemographic data form, social
problem-solving inventory revised form, social media addiction scale, dysfunctional attitudes scale short form, and automatic thoughts questionnaire. In the data analysis, the
effect and mediation were tested by the process method.
Results: Dysfunctional attitudes positively affected social media addiction and automatic
thoughts and negatively affected social problem solving. According to this, the effect of
dysfunctional attitudes on social media addiction was mediated by automatic thoughts
and social problem solving.
Conclusion: In this sense, both cognitive and behavioral processes can be useful in the
treatment of social media addiction, and cognitive behavioral therapies can be an effective option.
|
Objective: In this study, the purpose was to evaluate the effect of mobile electronic devices (MEDs) use on the sleep states of university students.
Methods: The study was conducted in a cross-sectional fashion between April 21, 2019
and May 31, 2019 with the participation of the students registered in a public university
at medical faculties and faculty of health sciences. Television viewing, MED and desktop
computer use form, Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality
Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and Sleepiness Severity Index (SSI) were
used as data collection tools. The data of 752 students (56.5% girls, mean age: 20.57 [SD =
1.54] years) were analyzed.
Results: In this study, overall MED use times and PSQI, ESS, and SSI total scores were higher
in students who had an evening-oriented chronotype. There was a negative relationship
between overall and evening MED use times and the chronotype scores of the students.
As a result of the regression analyses applied to the PSQI, ESS, and SSI dependent variables, a positive and significant relationship was detected with smartphone use times (P
< 0.05, P = 0.05, and P < 0.001, respectively). In addition, there was a positive relationship
between PSQI and ESS variables and iPod touch use times (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively).
Conclusion: Overall MED use times were determined to be higher in students who had
Type E chronotype. It was also determined that their sleep quality was poorer and their
insomnia severity was higher, and there was more sleepiness in the students with chronotype E. Comprehensive interventions must be planned by professional healthcare staff for
students on the topics of sleep hygiene and conscious media use.
|
Derya CANLI, Derya KARAŞAR
Derya CANLI, Derya KARAŞAR
Objective: This study aimed to investigate self-esteem and the need for social approval as
predictors of depression in patients with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD).
It also aimed to compare depression, self-esteem, and the need for social approval in relation to some variables.
Methods: The Beck Depression Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the need for social approval scale (NSAS) were administered to 117 patients diagnosed with MDD and
who applied to the Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic in Sabuncuoğlu Şerefeddin Training and
Research Hospital of Amasya University, Turkey. In the analysis of the collected data, the
t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s moment-product correlation coefficient,
and multiple regression analysis were used.
Results: Self-esteem and NSAS subdimensions were found to explain 33% of the total variance in depression. Self-esteem was found to be the variable making the greatest contribution. Two of the subdimensions of the NSAS—sensitivity to others’ judgments and leaving a positive impression—were found to have no contribution to the model. The mean
score taken by the male participants from leaving a positive impression subdimension of
the NSAS was found to be significantly higher than that taken by the female participants.
The patients with depression who are single were found to have a significantly higher
mean score from leaving a positive impression subdimension than the married patients.
No significant difference was found between the variables depending on the age and education level variables.
Conclusion: As a result, it should be noted that while evaluating patients diagnosed with
MDD, the need for social approval in male patients and patients who are single can be
higher than leaving a positive impression and that culture may cause people to hide the
symptoms of depression. Given that there are fewer male patients applying to psychiatry
clinics than female patients, it would be appropriate to refer male patients to individual
counseling activities to reduce their need for approval in relation to leaving a positive
impression. It is also suggested that research on anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder,
and somatization as well as to investigate the intermediate models that address various
variables between depression and the need for social approval be conducted.
|
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of anger and family functions on bullying behavior in adolescents and young adults who are followed up with the diagno-sis of substance use disorder.Methods: A total of 100 patients, whose ages were between 15 and 25 years and who were diagnosed as having substance use disorder, were included as study participants. All participants were subjected to the Sociodemographic Data Form, Family Assessment Device, Trait Anger-Anger Expression Scale, and Bullying Tendency Scale.Results: It was found that there was a positive relationship between bullying tendency scores and trait anger and anger expression outward scores and a negative relationship with anger control scores. It was observed that there was a positive correlation between subdimension scores of problem solving, roles, and showing necessary attention with respect to family function dimensions and bullying tendency scores. In the multivariate regression model evaluating the predictive power of independent factors associated with bullying tendency, it was observed that anger control from anger subdimensions and problem solving from family function subdimensions had a predictive effect on bullying tendency, and the combination of these 2 factors explained 26% of bullying tendency scores.Conclusion: In this study, it was observed that most of the anger and family function di-mensions were related to bullying tendency; in particular, the anger control difficulties and the problem-solving skills in the family were the factors that predicted bullying be-havior. We think that addressing these factors that have an impact on bullying behavior in the treatment process will be important to regulate the relations with the outside world in this age group.
|
Filiz İZCİ, Eda ÜLGER, Sinem YOLCU
Filiz İZCİ, Eda ÜLGER, Sinem YOLCU
Antidepressants with hypnotic effects can often be added to treatment for sleep prob-lems emerging in patients receiving antidepressant treatment. One of these is trazodone, which is an antidepressant that exhibits hypnotic effect by the effect of histamine H1 re-ceptor antagonist and 5-HT2A stimulation, which is a serotonin transporter protein inhib-itor and 5-HT2A and 5HT2C antagonist. Some antidepressants can cause mania-like mood episodes when used singly or in combination. In this case report, we discussed a manic episode that developed after including trazodone for sleep problems in the treatment of a patient with an anxiety disorder who uses escitalopram.
|
Objective: This study aimed to examine the sub-dimensions of the theory of mind (ToM)
and to investigate the relationship between ToM skills and disorder severity by comparing adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) with healthy individuals.
Methods: The study included 42 adolescents with ADHD and education- and agematched 41 healthy volunteers. The Smarties test, ice cream truck test, faux pas recognition test, and eyes test were applied to all participants. Turgay Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-IV)-Based Child and Adolescent Disruptive Behavioral Disorders Screening and Rating Scale (T-DSM-IV-S) was applied to the
group with ADHD to measure the disorder severity.
Results: The group with ADHD was seen to have ToM skills impairment. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of the ice cream truck test,
faux pas recognition test, and eyes test. A significant correlation was observed between
the T-DSM-IV-S results and the eyes test results of the patients.
Conclusion: This study has shown that advanced ToM skills can be impaired in adolescents with ADHD and that impairment in skills is associated with disorder severity.
|
