Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine

SİPAHİ, Tamman; GÜLYAŞAR, Tevfik; ŞENER, Seralp; AYDOĞDU, NURETTİN; KAYMAK, Kadir; ÇAKINA, SUAT

Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine

Tevfik GÜLYAŞAR, (Trakya Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Biyofizik Anabilim Dalı, Edirne, Türkiye)

Nurettin AYDOĞDU, (Trakya Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Fizyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Edirne, Türkiye)

Suat ÇAKINA, (Trakya Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Biyofizik Anabilim Dalı, Edirne, Türkiye)

Tamman SİPAHİ, (Trakya Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Biyofizik Anabilim Dalı, Edirne, Türkiye)

Kadir KAYMAK, (Trakya Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Fizyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Edirne, Türkiye)

Seralp ŞENER (Trakya Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Biyofizik Anabilim Dalı, Edirne, Türkiye)

Trakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi

4 0

Yıl: 2010 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 23 - 27 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine

Öz:

Amaç: Bu çalışma kadmiyum toksisitesi oluşturulan sıçan modelinde bakır, çinko, demir ve selenyum düzeylerini araştırmak ve taurin, melatonin ve N-asetilsisteinin etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.Gereçler ve Yöntemler: Doksan erkek Sprague Dawley sıçan dokuz gruba ayrıldı. Hayvanlara serbestçe ulaşabilecekleri pellet yem ve su verildi. Grup 1'e çeşme suyu verildi ve kontrol olarak kullanıldı, diğer sekiz grup üç ay süreyle 200 µg/ml kadmiyum klorid (CdCl2) aldı. Grup 2, CdCl2, Grup 3, 4, ve 5 CdCl2 ile birlikte sırasıyla taurin, melatonin ve N-asetilsistein aldı. Grup 6, 7, 8, ve 9 üç ay süreyle CdCl2 ve sonra yedi gün süreyle kontrol olarak sadece su veya antioksidan aldı. Kalp ve beyinde kadmiyum, bakır, çinko, demir, ve selenyum düzeyleri atomik absorpsiyon spektrofotometresi ile ölçüldü.Bulgular: Kontrollerle karşılaştırıldığında kadmiyum beyin ve kalpte anlamlı düzeylerde birikim gösterdi. Grup 1 ve Grup 2 CdCl2 düzeyleri sırasıyla kalpte 2.56±0.77 ve 27.2±5.82, beyinde ise 46.16±14.81 ve 300.34±58.19 idi (p<0.001). Kadmiyum birikimine karşı koruyucu olan en etkili maddenin beyin dokusunda melatonin (p<0.05), kalpte ise N-asetilsistein (p<0.001) olduğunu bulduk.Sonuç: Bu bulgular kadmiyumun beyin ve kalpte birikimine karşı taurin, melatonin ve N-asetilsisteinin bazı koruyucu etkileri olduğunu düşündürdü. Ayrıca, eser element düzeylerinin taurin, melatonin veya N-asetilsistein uygulaması ile farklı düzeylerde olsa da kontrol değerlerine yaklaştığı gözlendi.

Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Genel ve Dahili Tıp

Sıçan kadmiyum toksisitesi modelinde eser elementler: Taurin, Melatonin ve N-asetilsisteinin etkileri

Öz:

Objectives: This study was undertaken to investigate copper, zinc, iron, and selenium in a rat model of cadmium toxicity and effects of antioxidant substances such as taurine, melatonin and N-acetylcysteine.Materials and Methods: Ninety male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into nine groups. Group 1 received tap water comprising the controls; the remaining eight groups received 200 µg/ml cadmium chloride (CdCl2) for three months. Group 2 had CdCl2. Groups 3, 4, and 5 were administered taurine, melatonin and N-acetylcystein for three months together with CdCl2. Groups 6, 7, 8, and 9 had CdCl2 for three months and then only water as the second control or antioxidants for seven days. Cadmium, copper, zinc, iron, and selenium levels of heart and brain were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Results: Cadmium accumulated in significant amounts in brain and heart tissues when compared with controls. CdCl2 levels in Group 1 and Group 2 were 2.56±0.77 and 27.2±5.82 in the heart, 46.16±14.81 and 300.34±58.19 in the brain, respectively (p<0.001). We found that melatonin was more effective in brain tissue (p<0.05) whereas N-acetylcysteine was more effective in heart tissue (p<0.001) against cadmium accumulation.Conclusion: We suggest that taurine, melatonin and N-acetylcysteine have some protective effects in brain and heart tissues against cadmium accumulation. Furthermore, trace element levels were restorated in different degrees after taurine, melatonin and N-acetylcysteine administration.

Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Genel ve Dahili Tıp

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

1) Lafuente A, Cabaleiro T, Caride A, Romero A. Melatonin and cadmium toxicity. EJEAFChe 2008;7:3363-71.
2) Karbownik M, Gitto E, Lewinski A, Reiter RJ. Induction of lipid peroxidation in hamster organs by the carcinogen cadmium: melioration by melatonin. Cell Biol Toxicol 2001;17:33-40.
3) Aydoğdu N, Kanter M, Erbaş H, Kaymak K. Kadmiyuma bağlı karaciğer hasarında taurin, melatonin ve asetilsisteinin nitrik oksit, lipit peroksidasyonu ve bazı antioksidanlar üzerindeki etkileri. Erciyes Tıp Dergisi 2007;29:89-96.
4) Aydoğdu N, Erbaş H, Kaymak K. Taurin, melatonin ve N-asetilsisteinin kadmiyuma bağlı akciğer hasarındaki antioksidan etkileri. Trakya Univ Tıp Fak Derg 2007;24:43-8.
5) Metin G, Atukeren P, Alturfan AA, Gulyasar T, Kaya M, Gumustas MK. Lipid peroxidation, erythrocyte superoxide-dismutase activity and trace metals in young male footballers. Yonsei Med J 2003;44:979-86.
6) Klotz LO, Kröncke KD, Buchczyk DP, Sies H. Role of copper, zinc, selenium and tellurium in the cellular defense against oxidative and nitrosative stress. J Nutr 2003;133(5 Suppl 1):1448S-51S.
7) Valko M, Morris H, Cronin MT. Metals, toxicity and oxidative stress. Curr Med Chem 2005;12:1161-208.
8) Crowe A, Morgan EH. Effect of dietary cadmium on iron metabolism in growing rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1997;145:136-46.
9) Cuzzocrea S, Reiter RJ. Pharmacological action of melatonin in shock, inflammation and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2001;426:1-10.
10) Tan DX, Manchester LC, Reiter RJ, Plummer BF, Limson J, Weintraub ST, et al. Melatonin directly scavenges hydrogen peroxide: a potentially new metabolic pathway of melatonin biotransformation. Free Radic Biol Med 2000;29:1177-85.
11) Flora SJ, Mittal M, Mehta A. Heavy metal induced oxidative stress & its possible reversal by chelation therapy. Indian J Med Res 2008;128:501-23.
12) Abbasoğlu SD, Balkan J, Kanbağlı Ö, Çevikbaş U, Toker GA, Uysal M. Aminoguanidin ve NAC'in endotoksemik sirozlu sıçanlarda karaciğer hasarı, oksidatif ve nitrozatif stres üzerine etkisi. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi 2004;5:27-32.
13) Shaikh ZA, Vu TT, Zaman K. Oxidative stress as a mechanism of chronic cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity and protection by antioxidants. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1999;154:256-63.
14) Hwang DF, Wang LC. Effect of taurine on toxicity of cadmium in rats. Toxicology 2001;167:173-80.
15) Nakamura T, Ogasawara M, Koyama I, Nemoto M, Yoshida T. The protective effect of taurine on the biomembrane against damage produced by oxygen radicals. Biol Pharm Bull 1993;16:970-2.
16) Redmond HP, Stapleton PP, Neary P, Bouchier-Hayes D. Immunonutrition: the role of taurine. Nutrition 1998;14:599-604.
17) Karakoc Y, Yurdakos E, Gulyasar T, Mengi M, Barutcu UB. Experimental stress-induced changes in trace element levels of various tissues in rats. The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine 2003;16:55-60.
18) Abubakar MG, Taylor A, Ferns GA. The effects of aluminium and selenium supplementation on brain and liver antioxidant status in the rat. African Journal of Biotechnology 2004;3:88-93.
19) Sinha M, Manna P, Sil PC. Induction of necrosis in cadmium-induced hepatic oxidative stress and its prevention by the prophylactic properties of taurine. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2009;23:300-13.
20) Public Health Statement for Cadmium (July, 1999). Available from: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/phs5.html
21) Kim CY, Lee MJ, Lee SM, Lee WC, Kim JS. Effect of melatonin on cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Tohoku J Exp Med 1998;186:205-13.
22) Chwełatiuk E, Włostowski T, Krasowska A, Bonda E. The effect of orally administered melatonin on tissue accumulation and toxicity of cadmium in mice. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2006;19:259-65.
23) Gerhardsson L, Englyst V, Lundström NG, Sandberg S, Nordberg G. Cadmium, copper and zinc in tissues of deceased copper smelter workers. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2002;16:261-6.
24) Millán-Plano S, García JJ, Martínez-Ballarín E, Reiter RJ, Ortega-Gutiérrez S, Lázaro RM, et al. Melatonin and pinoline prevent aluminium-induced lipid peroxidation in rat synaptosomes. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2003;17:39-44.
25) Djukić-Cosić D, Curcić Jovanović M, Plamenac Bulat Z, Ninković M, Malicević Z, Matović V. Relation between lipid peroxidation and iron concentration in mouse liver after acute and subacute cadmium intoxication. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2008;22:66-72.
26) Wang BH, Yu XJ, Wang D, Qi XM, Wang HP, Yang TT, et al. Alterations of trace elements (Zn, Se, Cu, Fe) and related metalloenzymes in rabbit blood after severe trauma. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2007;21:102-7.
27) Seven A, Erbil Y, Seven R, Inci F, Gülyaşar T, Barutçu B, et al. Breast cancer and benign breast disease patients evaluated in relation to oxidative stress. Cancer Biochem Biophys 1998;16:333-45.
28) Modi M, Kaul RK, Kannan GM, Flora SJ. Co-administration of zinc and n-acetylcysteine prevents arsenic-induced tissue oxidative stress in male rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2006;20:197-204.

APA	GÜLYAŞAR T, AYDOĞDU N, ÇAKINA S, SİPAHİ T, KAYMAK K, ŞENER S (2010). Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine. , 23 - 27.
Chicago	GÜLYAŞAR Tevfik,AYDOĞDU NURETTİN,ÇAKINA SUAT,SİPAHİ Tamman,KAYMAK Kadir,ŞENER Seralp Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine. (2010): 23 - 27.
MLA	GÜLYAŞAR Tevfik,AYDOĞDU NURETTİN,ÇAKINA SUAT,SİPAHİ Tamman,KAYMAK Kadir,ŞENER Seralp Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine. , 2010, ss.23 - 27.
AMA	GÜLYAŞAR T,AYDOĞDU N,ÇAKINA S,SİPAHİ T,KAYMAK K,ŞENER S Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine. . 2010; 23 - 27.
Vancouver	GÜLYAŞAR T,AYDOĞDU N,ÇAKINA S,SİPAHİ T,KAYMAK K,ŞENER S Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine. . 2010; 23 - 27.
IEEE	GÜLYAŞAR T,AYDOĞDU N,ÇAKINA S,SİPAHİ T,KAYMAK K,ŞENER S "Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine." , ss.23 - 27, 2010.
ISNAD	GÜLYAŞAR, Tevfik vd. "Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine". (2010), 23-27.

APA	GÜLYAŞAR T, AYDOĞDU N, ÇAKINA S, SİPAHİ T, KAYMAK K, ŞENER S (2010). Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine. Trakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 27(1), 23 - 27.
Chicago	GÜLYAŞAR Tevfik,AYDOĞDU NURETTİN,ÇAKINA SUAT,SİPAHİ Tamman,KAYMAK Kadir,ŞENER Seralp Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine. Trakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 27, no.1 (2010): 23 - 27.
MLA	GÜLYAŞAR Tevfik,AYDOĞDU NURETTİN,ÇAKINA SUAT,SİPAHİ Tamman,KAYMAK Kadir,ŞENER Seralp Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine. Trakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, vol.27, no.1, 2010, ss.23 - 27.
AMA	GÜLYAŞAR T,AYDOĞDU N,ÇAKINA S,SİPAHİ T,KAYMAK K,ŞENER S Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine. Trakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2010; 27(1): 23 - 27.
Vancouver	GÜLYAŞAR T,AYDOĞDU N,ÇAKINA S,SİPAHİ T,KAYMAK K,ŞENER S Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine. Trakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi. 2010; 27(1): 23 - 27.
IEEE	GÜLYAŞAR T,AYDOĞDU N,ÇAKINA S,SİPAHİ T,KAYMAK K,ŞENER S "Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine." Trakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 27, ss.23 - 27, 2010.
ISNAD	GÜLYAŞAR, Tevfik vd. "Trace elements in a rat model of cadmium toxicity: The effects of taurine, melatonin and N-cetylcysteine". Trakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 27/1 (2010), 23-27.