Management of cardiac device infections according to current data

GÜRAY, Yeşim; Kafes, Habibe; İPEK GÜCÜK, Esra

Management of cardiac device infections according to current data

Habibe KAFES, (Sağlık Bakanlığı, Türkiye Yüksek İhtisas Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Kardiyoloji Kliniği, Ankara, Türkiye)

Yeşim GÜRAY, (Sağlık Bakanlığı, Türkiye Yüksek İhtisas Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Kardiyoloji Kliniği, Ankara, Türkiye)

Esra İPEK GÜCÜK (Sağlık Bakanlığı, Polatlı Devlet Hastanesi Kardiyoloji Kliniği, Ankara, Türkiye)

Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi

2 0

Yıl: 2014 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 76 - 81 Metin Dili: İngilizce İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Management of cardiac device infections according to current data

Öz:

The use of implantable devices in management of cardiac diseases is increasing as a result of improvements in technology of permanent pace- maker and implantable cardioverter defibrillators. Device related infections are also rising accordingly and have become an important clinical problem. Accurate diagnosis and optimal management of these infections is challenging, necessitating complete removal of the device and prolonged antibiotic therapy. In this regard, a multidisciplinary approach is required with the essential support of microbiology and imaging modalities. This paper highlights the current literature on the pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis and management of device related infections

Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Kalp ve Kalp Damar Sistemi

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Diğer Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

1. Goldberger Z, Lampert R. Implantable cardioverter defibrillators:expanding indications and technologies. JAMA 2006; 295: 809-18. [CrossRef]
2. Ipek EG, Güray U, Demirkan B, Güray Y, Aksu T. Infections of implantable cardiac rhythm devices: predisposing factors and outcome. Acta Cardiol 2012; 67: 303-10.
3. Greenspon AJ, Patel JD, Lau E, Ochoa JA, Frisch DR, Ho RT, et al. 16-year trends in the infection burden for pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in the United States 1993 to 2008. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58: 1001-6. [CrossRef]
4. Sohail MR, Uslan DZ, Khan AH, Friedman PA, Hayes DL, Wilson WR, et al. Management and outcome of permanent pacemaker and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator infections. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007; 49: 1851-9. [CrossRef]
5. Greenspon AJ, Prutkin JM, Sohail MR, Vikram HR, Baddour LM, Danik SB, et al. Timing of the most recent device procedure influences the clinical outcome of lead-associated endocarditis results of the MEDIC (Multicenter Electrophysiologic Device Infection Cohort). J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 59: 681-7. [CrossRef]
6. Klug D, Balde M, Pavin D, Hidden-Lucet F, Clementy J, Sadoul N, et al. Risk factors related to infections of implanted pacemakers and cardioverter-defibrillators: results of a large prospective study. Circulation 2007; 116: 1349-55. [CrossRef]
7. Sohail MR, Uslan DZ, Khan AH, Friedman PA, Hayes DL, Wilson WR, et al. Risk factor analysis of permanent pacemaker infection. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 45: 166-73. [CrossRef]
8. Uslan DZ, Gleva MJ, Warren DK, Mela T, Chung MK, Gottipaty V, et al. Cardiovascular implantable electronic device replacement infections and prevention: results from the REPLACE Registry. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2012; 35: 81-7. [CrossRef]
9. Johansen JB, Jorgensen OD, Moller M, Arnsbo P Mortensen PT, Nielsen JC. Infection after pacemaker implantation: infection rates and risk factors associated with infection in a population-based cohort study of 46299 consecutive patients. Eur Heart J 2011; 32: 991-8. [CrossRef]
10. Darouiche RO. Device-associated infections: a macroproblem that starts with microadherence. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 33: 1567-72. [CrossRef]
11. Baddour LM, Epstein AE, Erickson CC, Knight BP Levison ME, Lockhart PB, et al. Update on cardiovascular implantable electronic device infections and their management: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2010; 121: 458-77. [CrossRef]
12. Mela T, McGovern BA, Garan H, Vlahakes GJ, Torchiana DF, Ruskin J, et al. Long-term infection rates associated with the pectoral versus abdominal approach to cardioverter- defibrillator implants. Am J Cardiol 2001; 88: 750-3. [CrossRef]
13. Al-Khatib SM, Lucas FL, Jollis JG, Malenka DJ, Wennberg DE. The relation between patients' outcomes and the volume of cardioverter-defibrillator implantation procedures performed by physicians treating Medicare beneficiaries. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 1536-40. [CrossRef]
14. Uslan DZ, Dowsley TF, Sohail MR, Hayes DL, Friedman PA, Wilson WR, et al. Cardiovascular implantable electronic device infection in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2010; 33: 407-13. [CrossRef]
15. Uslan DZ, Sohail MR, St Sauver JL, Friedman PA, Hayes DL, Stoner SM, et al. Permanent pacemaker and implantable cardioverter defibrillator infection: a population-based study. Arch Intern Med 2007; 167: 669-75. [CrossRef]
16. Madhavan M, Sohail MR, Friedman PA, Hayes DL, Steckelberg JM, Wilson WR, et al. Outcomes in patients with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices and bacteremia caused by gram- positive cocci other than Staphylococcus aureus. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2010; 3: 639-45. [CrossRef]
17. Uslan DZ, Sohail MR, Friedman PA, Hayes DL, Wilson WR, Steckelberg JM, et al. Frequency of permanent pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator infection in patients with gram-negative bacteremia. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 43: 731-6. [CrossRef]
18. Bongiorni MG, Tascini C, Tagliaferri E, Di Cori AD, Soldati E, Leonildi A, et al. Microbiology of cardiac implantable electronic device infections. Europace 2012; 14: 1334-9. [CrossRef]
19. Von Eiff C, Peters G, Heilmann C. Pathogenesis of infections due to coagulase-negative staphylococci. Lancet Infect Dis 2002; 2: 677-85. [CrossRef]
20. Mermel LA, Allon M, Bouza E, Craven DE, Flynn P O'Grady NP et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of intravascular catheter-related infection: 2009 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2009; 49: 1-45. [CrossRef]
21. Wilkoff BL, Love CJ, Byrd CL, Bongiorni MG, Carrillo RG, Crossley GH 3rd, et al. Transvenous lead extraction: Heart Rhythm Society expert consensus on facilities, training, indications, and patient management: this document was endorsed by the American Heart Association (AHA). Heart Rhythm 2009; 6: 1085-104. [CrossRef]
22. Rohacek M, Weisser M, Kobza R, Schoenenberger AW, Pfyffer GE, Frei R, et al. Bacterial colonization and infection of electrophysiological cardiac devices detected with sonication and swab culture. Circulation 2010; 121: 1691-7. [CrossRef]
23. Fowler VG, Jr., Li J, Corey GR, Boley J, Marr KA, Gopal AK, et al. Role of echocardiography in evaluation of patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: experience in 103 patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997; 30: 1072-8. [CrossRef]
24. Habib G, Hoen B, Tornos P Thuny F, Prendergast B, Vilacosta I, et al. Guidelines on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infective endocarditis (new version 2009): the Task Force on the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2009; 30: 2369-413. [CrossRef]
25. Lo R, D'Anca M, Cohen T, Kerwin T. Incidence and prognosis of pacemaker lead-associated masses: a study of 1,569 transesophageal echocardiograms. J Invasive Cardiol 2006; 18: 599-601.
26. Bongiorni MG, Di Cori A, Soldati E, Zucchelli G, Arena G, Segreti L, et al. Intracardiac echocardiography in patients with pacing and defibrillating leads: a feasibility study. Echocardiography 2008; 25: 632-8. [CrossRef]
27. Kelly PA, Wallace S, Tucker B, Hurvitz RJ, Ilvento J, Mirabel GS, et al. Postoperative infection with the automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator: clinical presentation and use of the gallium scan in diagnosis. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1988; 11: 1220-5. [CrossRef]
28. Bhadelia RA, Oates E. Early cardioverter defibrillator infection: value of indium-111 leukocyte imaging. Ann Thorac Surg 1997; 63: 236-8. [CrossRef]
29. Ramackers JM, Kotzki PO, Couret I, Messner-Pellenc P Davy JM, Rossi M. The use of technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime labelled granulocytes with single-photon emission tomography imaging in the detection and follow-up of recurrence of infective endocarditis complicating transvenous endocardial pacemaker. Eur J Nucl Med 1999; 22: 1351-4. [CrossRef]
30. Ploux S, Riviere A, Amraoui S, Whinnett Z, Barandon L, Lafitte S, et al. Positron emission tomography in patients with suspected pacing system infections may play a critical role in difficult cases. Heart Rhythm 2011; 8: 1478-81. [CrossRef]
31. Bensimhon L, Lavergne T, Hugonnet F, Mainardi JL, Latremouille C, Maunoury C, et al. Whole body [ (18) F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging for the diagnosis of pacemaker or implantable cardioverter defibrillator infection: a preliminary prospective study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17: 836-44. [CrossRef]
32. Lopez JA. Conservative management of infected infected pacemaker and implantable defibrillator sites with a closed antimicrobial irrigation system. Europace 2012; 15: 541-5. [CrossRef]
33. Wilkoff BL, Byrd CL, Love CJ, Hayes DL, Sellers TD, Schaerf R, et al. Pacemaker lead extraction with the laser sheath: results of the pacing lead extraction with the excimer sheath (PLEXES) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999; 33: 1671-6. [CrossRef]
34. Aksu T, Güray U, Şen T, Durukan M, Güray Y, Demirkan B, et al. Use of the mechanical dilator sheath for removal of endocardial leads: a single center experience. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2011; 35: 514-8. [CrossRef]
35. Hauser RG, Katsiyiannis WT, Gornick CC, Almquist AK, Kallinen LM. Deaths and cardiovascular injuries due to device-assisted implantable cardioverter-defibrillator and pacemaker lead extraction. Europace 2010; 12: 395-401. [CrossRef]
36. Byrd CL, Wilkoff BL, Love CJ, Sellers TD, Reiser C. Clinical study of the laser sheath for lead extraction: the total experience in the United States. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2002; 25: 804-8. [CrossRef]
37. Byrd CL, Wilkoff BL, Love CJ, Sellers TD, Turk KT, Reeves R, et al. Intravascular extraction of problematic or infected permanent pacemaker leads: 1994-1996. U.S. Extraction Database, MED Institute. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1999; 22: 1348-57. [CrossRef]
38. Bongiorni MG, Soldati E, Zucchelli G, Di Cori A, Segreti L, De Lucia R, et al. Transvenous removal of pacing and implantable cardiac defibrillating leads using single sheath mechanical dilatation and multiple venous approaches: high success rate and safety in more than 2000 leads. Eur Heart J 2008; 29: 2886-93. [CrossRef]
39. Klug D, Lacroix D, Savoye C, Goullard L, Grandmougin D, Hennequin JL, et al. Systemic infection related to endocarditis on pacemaker leads: clinical presentation and management. Circulation 1997; 95: 2098-107. [CrossRef]
40. Perez Baztarrica G, Gariglio L, Salvaggio F, Reolon E, Blanco N, Mazzetti H, et al. Transvenous extraction of pacemaker leads in infective endocarditis with vegetations ≥ 20 mm: our experience. Clin Cardiol 2012; 35: 244-9. [CrossRef]
41. Aksu T, Durukan M, Güray Ü, Çolak A. Extraction of a large vegetation and ICD lead using the evolution mechanical dilator sheath. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars 2011; 39: 403-6. [CrossRef]
42. Viganego F, O'Donoghue S, Eldadah Z, Shah MH, Rastogi M, Mazel JA, et al. Effect of early diagnosis and treatment with percutaneous lead extraction on survival in patients with cardiac device infections. Am J Cardiol 2012; 109: 1466-71. [CrossRef]
43. Santangelo L, Russo V, Ammendola E, De Crescenzo I, Pagano C, Savarese C, et al. Superior vena cava thrombosis after intravascular AICD lead extraction: a case report. J Vasc Access 2006; 7: 90-3.
44. Gandhi T, Crawford T, James Riddell IV JJ 4th. Cardiovascular implantable electronic device associated infections. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2012; 26: 57-76. [CrossRef]

APA	Kafes H, GÜRAY Y, İPEK GÜCÜK E (2014). Management of cardiac device infections according to current data. , 76 - 81.
Chicago	Kafes Habibe,GÜRAY Yeşim,İPEK GÜCÜK Esra Management of cardiac device infections according to current data. (2014): 76 - 81.
MLA	Kafes Habibe,GÜRAY Yeşim,İPEK GÜCÜK Esra Management of cardiac device infections according to current data. , 2014, ss.76 - 81.
AMA	Kafes H,GÜRAY Y,İPEK GÜCÜK E Management of cardiac device infections according to current data. . 2014; 76 - 81.
Vancouver	Kafes H,GÜRAY Y,İPEK GÜCÜK E Management of cardiac device infections according to current data. . 2014; 76 - 81.
IEEE	Kafes H,GÜRAY Y,İPEK GÜCÜK E "Management of cardiac device infections according to current data." , ss.76 - 81, 2014.
ISNAD	Kafes, Habibe vd. "Management of cardiac device infections according to current data". (2014), 76-81.

APA	Kafes H, GÜRAY Y, İPEK GÜCÜK E (2014). Management of cardiac device infections according to current data. Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi, 14(1), 76 - 81.
Chicago	Kafes Habibe,GÜRAY Yeşim,İPEK GÜCÜK Esra Management of cardiac device infections according to current data. Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi 14, no.1 (2014): 76 - 81.
MLA	Kafes Habibe,GÜRAY Yeşim,İPEK GÜCÜK Esra Management of cardiac device infections according to current data. Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi, vol.14, no.1, 2014, ss.76 - 81.
AMA	Kafes H,GÜRAY Y,İPEK GÜCÜK E Management of cardiac device infections according to current data. Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi. 2014; 14(1): 76 - 81.
Vancouver	Kafes H,GÜRAY Y,İPEK GÜCÜK E Management of cardiac device infections according to current data. Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi. 2014; 14(1): 76 - 81.
IEEE	Kafes H,GÜRAY Y,İPEK GÜCÜK E "Management of cardiac device infections according to current data." Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi, 14, ss.76 - 81, 2014.
ISNAD	Kafes, Habibe vd. "Management of cardiac device infections according to current data". Anadolu Kardiyoloji Dergisi 14/1 (2014), 76-81.