Abstract Turkish Left with its considerable experience dating back to the period before 1945 is a movement that has participated in its richness of ideas and actions in the political sphere. This political movement, which originated from illegal Communist Party of Turkey and had to live for many years through illegal channels, started due largely to the effects of new environment in post World War II era to organize in legal enti- ties and to integrate with the existing Left movements at the time. After the establishment of Democratic Party (DP) in 1945, a political rap- prochement was experienced between DP and Leftist circles as a response to single party rule of CHP-Republican People s Party. One factor in this rapprochement was the fact that DP had developed in its formation phase some Leftist discourses in order as much as possible to embrace the prevailing societal opposition. CHP, which aimed to prevent further expansion of left in the period of transi- tion to multiparty political life and was positioning itself with regard to Western Block, was concerned with the conciliatory relationship between DP to be estab- lished and some figures of Leftist circles. With the efforts of the party in power CHP that preferred a more controlled opposition party in transition to the new multiparty era, the rapprochement between DP and Leftist groups ended with the Tan incidence in 1945 and in subsequent years. The relationship in Turkey between the Left ideology and mass political parties advocating democracy and freedom discourse was formed along a long historical development in which Left had, in contradiction to its societal reason d être, to sup- port relatively progressive forces as against relatively the less progressive. The years between 1945 and 1946 still remain to be an era that is a kind of political la- boratory or a field to study in which from the point of view of Turkish Left main themes of this development were manifested.