Objective: Coronary artery bypass surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass can induce postoperative systemic leukocytic alterations including leukocytosis, neutrophilia, or lymphopenia. The present study aims to compare the effects of propofol and desflurane anaesthesia on the leukocytic alterations including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios after coronary artery bypass surgery. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass surgery were randomly assigned into two groups: group P (n=30), which were anaesthesised with propofol (intravenous anaesthesia) and group D, which were anaesthesised with desflurane (inhalational anesthesia). Differential counts of leukocytes with neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios of peripheral blood were obtained just before anaesthesia induction (for basal values), at the postoperative 12th, 24th, and 48th hours. Results: At the postoperative 12th decrease in lymphocyte counts in group P was significantly lower than in group D (1.23 ± 0.81, 0.92 ± 1.01, respectively, with a p value of <0.001). Depending on this difference, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios in group P were lower than in group D, which was statistically significant (11.21 ± 5.01, 22.81 ± 15.24, respectively, with a p value of <0.001). At postoperative 48th hour, it was seen that the statistically significant difference between groups on the basis of lymphocyte counts and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios dissapeared. But a statistically significant difference appeared between the two groups on the basis of neutrophil counts (in group P 6.57 ± 2.05, in group D 10.20 ± 5.26; p<0.001) Conclusion: Comparing with desflurane anaesthesia, propofol anaesthesia favorably but transiently modifies leukocytic alterations, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios in peripheral blood during postoperative period of coronary artery bypass surgery.