The purpose of this study is to determine with factor analysis the most important determinants of the levels of socioeconomic development of the provinces in Turkey and to obtain with principal components analysis the levels of socioeconomic development indexes of the provinces in 2012. In the research, it is used 63 variables that define the socioeconomic development of provinces. First, with factor analysis, 63-dimensional variable space is reduced to 8-dimensional factor space. In the next stage, 63-dimensional variable space is reduced to a one-dimensional principal component space which reflects the level of socioeconomic development of the provinces in general. In scientific studies that were done, it was stressed that doing a general definition of socioeconomic development is very difficult; one side of each definition is open for discussing. Meanwhile, even though a definition that hasn't been agreed on isn't exposed, it's said that definitions must consist of a lot of indicators which were selected about socioeconomic development of provinces, which can be affected from socioeconomic development fact of provinces, and must be done in an integral approach. Also, it is necessary to stress that as the socioeconomic development of provinces is a fact of multidimensional concept, it may include all kinds of different analysis of indicators, it presents specificity according to the results. As a matter a fact, the intelligence of socioeconomic development of provinces that is appropriated with this study is to make stated difficulties shelter in as they're over narrower contented socioeconomic development limits