AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ

Alpaslan AKÇORAOĞLU (Gazi Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, İşletme Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye)
Alternatif Politika
1 0
Yıl: 2017 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 1 - 34 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ

Öz:
Neo-liberal politikaların Avrupa Birliği (AB)'nin derin iktisadi krizine ve uzun-dönemli durgunluğuna kalıcı bir çözüm getiremediği anlaşılmasına karşın, neo-liberalizm AB düzeyinde ideolojik egemenliğini (Gramsciyen anlamda hegemonik biçimde olmasa da) sürdürmektedir. Bu makale Avrupa entegrasyonu'nun neo-liberal yeniden yapılanmasının tarihsel gelişimini neo-Gramsciyen Uluslararası Politik İktisat (International Political Economy-IPE) literatürüne dayalı olarak incelemektedir. Avrupa entegrasyonu'nun politik iktisadı konusunda yapılan "eleştirel" IPE çalışmalarının büyük bölümü Robert W. Cox'un neoGramsciyen yaklaşıma dayalı olarak geliştirdiği "Dünya Düzeni" teorisine dayanmaktadır. Neo-Gramsciyen IPE tarihsel materyalist bir perspektiften ulusötesi ilişkilerin önemini vurgulamakta ve Avrupa entegrasyon sürecini ulusötesi sosyal güçler arasındaki mücadelenin bir sonucu olarak görmektedir. Makale ayrıca AB'de neo-liberal hegemonya'nın krizini, kriz sonrası dönemde AB'nin politik iktisadında meydana gelen değişmeleri ve "otoriter neoliberalizm" modelini neo-Gramsciyen yaklaşım çerçevesinde analiz etmektedir.
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Uluslararası İlişkiler

THE NEO-LIBERAL HEGEMONY IN THE EUROPEAN UNION, AUTHORITARIAN NEO-LIBERALISM, AND NEO-GRAMSCIAN INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY THEORY

Öz:
Although neo-liberalism has not been able to offer any lasting solution to the profound economic crisis and long-run stagnation of the European Union (EU), its ideological supremacy (non-hegemonic in Gramscian terms) has still proceeded in the EU. This article reviews the historical evolution of neo-liberal restructuring in the European integration from the perspective of neo-Gramscian International Political Economy (IPE) literature. The majority of the recent critical IPE studies in the political economy of European integration is based on Robert Cox's "World Order" theory with neo-Gramscian foundations. Neo-Gramscian IPE emphasizes the significance of transnational relations from a historical materialist perspective and perceives that European integration process is the outcome of a struggle between transnational social forces. In addition, this article analyzes the crisis of neo-liberal hegemony in the EU, the changes in the political economy of the EU after the euro crisis, and the model of authoritarian neo-liberalism from a neo-Gramscian perspective.
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Uluslararası İlişkiler
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Arestis, Philip ve Malcolm Sawyer (2011), "The Design Faults of the Economic and Monetary Union", Journal of Contemporary European Studies, 19 (1): 19
  • Beetham, David ve Christopher Lord (2005), "Legitimacy and the European Union", Weale, Albert ve Michael Nentwichl (Der.), Political Theory and the European Union: Legitimacy, Constitutional Choice and Citizenship (London: Routledge): 15-33.
  • Bideleux, Robert (2012), "European Integration: The Rescue of the Nation State?", Stone, Dan (Der.), The Oxford Handbook of Postwar History (Oxford: Oxford University Press): 379-405.
  • Bieler, Andreas ve Adam David Morton (2004), "A Critical Theory Route to Hegemony, World Order and Historical Change: Neo-Gramscian Perspectives in International Relations", Capital & Class, 28 (1): 85-113.
  • Bieler, Andreas (2005), "Class Struggle over the EU Model of Capitalism: Neo-Gramscian Perspectives and the Analysis of European Integration", Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 8 (4): 513-526.
  • Bieler, Andreas (2006), "What Future Union? The Struggle for a Social Europe", Paper presented at the workshop Concepts of the European Social Model in Vienna/Austria, 9 June 2006.
  • Bieling, Hans Jürgen (2001), "European Constitutionalism and Industrial Relations", Bieler, Andreas ve Adam David Morton (Der.) Social Forces in the Making of the New Europe: The Restructuring of European Social Relations in the Global Political Economy (Houndmills: Palgrave): 93-114.
  • Bieling, Hans Jürgen (2003), "European Employment Policy between Neoliberal Rationalism and Communitarianism", Overbeek, Henk (Der.), The Political Economy of European Employment: European Integration and the Transnationalization of the (Un)Employment Question (London and New York: Routledge): 51-74.
  • Bieling, Hans-Jürgen ve Johannes Jager (2009), "Global Finance and the European Economy: The Struggle over Banking Regulation", Apeldoorn, Bastian van, Jan Drahakoupil ve Laura Horn (Der.), Contradictions and Limits of Neoliberal European Governance: From Lisbon to Lisbon, Basingstoke (UK: Palgrave MacMillan): 87-105.
  • Bohle, Dorothee (2003), "A Cold Welcome: The Unequal Terms of Eastern Enlargement", Global Dialogue, 5 (3): 19-29.
  • Bohle, Dorothee (2006), "Neoliberal Hegemony, Transnational Capital and the Terms of EU's Eastwards Expansion", Capital and Class, 85: 57-86.
  • Boltho, Andrea (1982), "Growth", Boltho, Andrea (Der.), The European Economy: Growth and Crisis (Oxford: Oxford University Press): 9-37.
  • Bradanini, Davide (2009), "The Rise of the Competitiveness Discourse - A NeoGramscian Analysis", Bruges Political Research Paper No. 19.
  • Bruff, Ian (2014), "The Rise of Authoritarian Neoliberalism", Rethinking Marxism: A Journal of Economics, Culture & Society, 26 (1): 113-129.
  • Bugaric, Bojan (2013), "Europe Against the Left? On Legal Limits to Progressive Politics", editions Chandeigne, LEQS Paper No. 61.
  • Busch, Klaus, Christoph Hermann, Karl Hinrichs ve Thorsten Schulten (2013) "Euro Crisis, Austerity Policy and the European Social Model: How Crisis Policies in Southern Europe Threaten the EU's Social Dimension", Freidrich Ebert Stiftung, International Policy Analysis, February 2013.
  • Candeias, Mario (2011), Passive Revolutions vs. Socialist Transformation, Background paper for the Commons-Conference in Rome, 28/29 April 2011, organized by Rosa Luxemburg Foundation Brussels.
  • Candeias, Mario (2013), "Gramscian Constellations, Hegemony and the Realisation of New Ways of Production and Living", Rosa Luxemburg Stiftung, Online-Publication, June,
  • http://www.rosalux.de/fileadmin/uploads/pdfs/allg_Texte/Gramscian_Const ellations.pdf.
  • Caporaso, James A. (1996), "The European Union and Forms of State: Westphalian, Regulatory or Post-modern?", Journal of Common Market Studies, 34 (1): 29-51.
  • Caporaso, James A. (1998), "Regional Integration Theory: Understanding Our Past and Anticipating Our Future", Journal of European Public Policy, 5 (1): 1- 16.
  • Cox, Robert W. (1986), "Social Forces, States and World Orders: Beyond International Relations Theory", Keohane, Robert O. (Der.), Neorealism and its Critics (New York: Columbia University Press): 204-253.
  • Cox, Robert W. (1987), Production, Power, and World Order: Social Forces in the Making of History (New York: Columbia University Press).
  • Cox, Robert W. (1992), "Multilateralism and World Order", Review of International Studies, 18: 161-180.
  • Cox, Robert W. (1993), "Structural Issues of Global Governance: Implications for Europe", Gilli, Stephen (Der.), Gramsci, Historical Materialism and International Relations (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press): 259-289.
  • Durand, Cedric ve Razmig Keucheyan (2012), "Bureaucratic Caesarism: a Gramscian Outlook on the Crisis of Europe", CEPN (Paris) Working Paper 2012-03.
  • Gill, Stephen (1998), "European Governance and New Constitutionalism: Economic and Monetary Union and Alternatives to Disciplinary Neoliberalism in Europe", New Political Economy, 3 (1): 5-26.
  • Gill, Stephen (1990), American Hegemony and the Trilateral Commission (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
  • Grahl, John ve Paul Teague (1990), The Big Market: The Future of the European Community (London: Lawrence and Wishart).
  • Grahl, John ve Paul Teague (2013), "Reconstructing the Eurozone: the Role of EU Social Policy", Cambridge Journal of Economics, 37 (3): 677-692.
  • Gramsci, Antonio (1971), Selections from the Prison Notebooks, Hoare, Quintin and Geoffrey Nowell-Smith (Der.) (London: Lawrence and Wishart).
  • Gramsci, Antonio, Quinton Hoare ve Geoffrey Nowell-Smith (Der.) (1971), Selections from the Prison Notebooks of Antonio Gramsci (New York: International Publishers).
  • Hacker, Björn (2013), "The End of the European Social Model as We Have Envisioned It? Political Economy Principles in Europe May Be Changed by the Economic Crisis Governance", Paper presented at the conference: Beyond Austerity vs Growth: The Future of the European Political Economy, University of Sheffield, 1-3 July 2013.
  • Haas, Ernst B. (1968), The Uniting of Europe: Political, Social and Economic Forces, 1950-1957 (Stanford, California: Stanford University Press).
  • Harvey, David (2005), A Brief History of Neoliberalism (New York: Oxford University Press).
  • Hermann, Christoph (2007), "Neoliberalism in the European Union", Studies in Political Economy, 79: 61-90.
  • Hix, Simon (2008), What's Wrong with the European Union and How to Fix It (Cambridge: Polity Press).
  • Holman, Otto (1992), "Transnational Class Strategy and the New Europe", International Journal of Political Economy, 22 (1): 3-22.
  • Holman, Otto (1993), Integrating Southern Europe: EC Expansion and the Transnationalization of Spain, Unpublished dissertation, University of Amsterdam.
  • Kalecki, Michal (1943), "Political Aspects of Full Unemployment", Political Quarterly, 14: 322-331.
  • Keohane, Robert O. ve Milner, Helen V. (1996) 'Internationalization and Domestic Politics: An Introduction', Robert O. Keohane and Helen V. Milner (eds.), Internationalization and Domestic Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press): 3-24.
  • Krugman, Paul (2012), "The Austerity Agenda", The New York Times, 31 May 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/01/opinion/krugman-the-austerityagenda.html (11.11.2015).
  • Martin, Andrew ve George Ross (2004), "Introduction: EMU and the European Social Model", Martin, Andrew and George Ross (Der.), Euros and Europeans: Monetary Integration and the European Social Model (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press): 1-19.
  • Mazier, Jacques (1982), "Growth and Crisis: A Marxist Interpretation", Andrea Boltho (Der.), The European Economy: Growth and Crisis (Oxford: Oxford University Press): 38-71.
  • Morton, Adam David (2010), "The Continuum of Passive Revolution", Capital & Class, 34 (3): 315 -342.
  • Overbeek, Henk ve Kees Van Der Pijl (1993), "Restructuring Capital and Restructuring Hegemony: Neo-liberalism and the Unmaking of the Post-war Order", Overbeek, Henk (Der.), Restructuring Hegemony in the Global Political Economy: The Rise of Transnational Neoliberalism in the 1980s (London: Routledge): 1-27.
  • Palley, Thomas I. (2013), "Europe´s Crisis without End: The Consequences of Neoliberalism Run Amok", IMK Working Paper 111-2013, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.
  • Ploom, Illimar (2014), "Towards Neoliberal Imperialism? Discussing the Implications of the New European Governance Emerging from the Fiscal Crisis and Administrative Reforms for the Identity of the EU", Administrative Culture, 15 (1): 21-38.
  • Pochet, Philippe ve Christophe Degryse (2013), "Monetary Union and the Stakes or Democracy and Social Policy", Transfer, 19 (1): 103-116.
  • Poulantzas, Nicos (1978), Classes in Contemporary Capitalism (London: Verso).
  • Polychraniou, Chronis J. (2013), "The New Rome: The EU and the Pillage of the Indebted Countries", Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, Policy Note 2013/5.
  • Risse-Kappen, Thomas (1995), "Bringing Transnational Relations Back In: Introduction", Risse-Kappen, Thomas (Der.), Bringing Transnational Relations Back In: Non-state Actors, Domestic Structures, and International Institutions (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press): 3-36.
  • Robinson, William I. ve Jerry Harris (2000), "Towards a Global Ruling Class? Globalization and the Transnational Capitalist Class", Science & Society, 64 (1): 11-54.
  • Robinson, William I. (2005), "Gramsci and Globalisation: From Nation-State to Transnational Hegemony", Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy, 8 (4): 559-574.
  • Ruggie, John G. (1982), "International Regimes, Transactions, and Change: Embedded Liberalism in the Postwar Economic System", International Organization, 36 (2): 379-415.
  • Scharp, Fritz W. (2002), "The European Social Model: Coping with the Challenges of Diversity", Journal of Common Market Studies, 40 (4): 645-670.
  • Simon, Roger (1991), Gramsci's Political Thought: An Introduction (London: Lawrence & Wishart).
  • Stiglitz, Joseph E. (2014), "Europe's Austerity Disaster", Social Europe Journal, 29/09/2014, https://www.socialeurope.eu/2014/09/europes-austerity-disaster.
  • Şenalp, Mehmet Gürsan, ve Örsan Şenalp (2012), "Ulusötesi Kapitalizm: Sermayenin ve Devletin Ulusötesileşmesi ve Türkiye'de Ulusötesi Tarihsel Blok Oluşumu", Praxis, 19: 191-240.
  • Van Apeldoorn, Bastiaan (1998), "Transnationalization and the Restructuring of Europe's Socioeconomic Order: Social Forces in the Construction of Embedded Neoliberalism", International Journal of Political Economy, 28 (1): 12-53.
  • Van Apeldoorn, Bastiaan (2002), Transnational Capitalism and the Struggle over European Integration (New York: Routledge).
  • Van Apeldoorn, Bastiaan (2009), "The Contradictions of' Embedded Neoliberalism and Europe's Multi level Legitimacy Crisis: The European Project and its Limits", Apeldoorn, Bastiaan van, Laura Horn ve Jan Drahokoupil (Der.), Contradictions and Limits of Neoliberal European Governance (London: Palgrave): 21-43.
  • Van Apeldoorn, Bastiaan (2014), "The European Capitalist Class and the Crisis of its Hegemonic Project", Socialist Register, 50: 189-206.
  • Van Der Pijl, Kees (1984), The Making of an Atlantic Ruling Class (London: Verso).
  • Van Der Pijl, Kees (1989), "Ruling Classes, Hegemony and the State System: Theoretical and Historical Considerations", International Journal of Political Economy, 193: 7-35.
APA AKÇORAOĞLU A (2017). AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ. , 1 - 34.
Chicago AKÇORAOĞLU ALPASLAN AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ. (2017): 1 - 34.
MLA AKÇORAOĞLU ALPASLAN AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ. , 2017, ss.1 - 34.
AMA AKÇORAOĞLU A AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ. . 2017; 1 - 34.
Vancouver AKÇORAOĞLU A AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ. . 2017; 1 - 34.
IEEE AKÇORAOĞLU A "AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ." , ss.1 - 34, 2017.
ISNAD AKÇORAOĞLU, ALPASLAN. "AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ". (2017), 1-34.
APA AKÇORAOĞLU A (2017). AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ. Alternatif Politika, 9(1), 1 - 34.
Chicago AKÇORAOĞLU ALPASLAN AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ. Alternatif Politika 9, no.1 (2017): 1 - 34.
MLA AKÇORAOĞLU ALPASLAN AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ. Alternatif Politika, vol.9, no.1, 2017, ss.1 - 34.
AMA AKÇORAOĞLU A AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ. Alternatif Politika. 2017; 9(1): 1 - 34.
Vancouver AKÇORAOĞLU A AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ. Alternatif Politika. 2017; 9(1): 1 - 34.
IEEE AKÇORAOĞLU A "AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ." Alternatif Politika, 9, ss.1 - 34, 2017.
ISNAD AKÇORAOĞLU, ALPASLAN. "AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ'NDE NEO-LİBERAL HEGEMONYA, OTORİTER NEO-LİBERALİZM VE NEO-GRAMSCİYEN ULUSLARARASI POLİTİK İKTİSAT TEORİSİ". Alternatif Politika 9/1 (2017), 1-34.
Sayfa Oluşturulma Tarihi
23-04-2024 1:10

İLETİŞİM

TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM TR Dizin

Yüzüncüyıl, İşçi Blokları Mahallesi

Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Caddesi No:51/C

06530 Çankaya / ANKARA +90 (312) 298 92 00

trdizin@tubitak.gov.tr

TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM Ulusal Akademik Ağ ve Bilgi Merkezi Cahit Arf Bilgi Merkezi © Tüm Hakları Saklıdır. Gizlilik Politikası Kullanım Şartları