Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk

KAÇMAZ, Nesiba; YILDIRIM KOCAMAN, Nazmiye; Özkan, Mine

Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk

Nazmiye YILDIRIM KOCAMAN, (İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi, Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye)

Nesiba KAÇMAZ, (Boş)

Mine ÖZKAN (Boş)

Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi

0 0

Yıl: 2013 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 4 Sayfa Aralığı: 231 - 240 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk

Öz:

Sağlık hizmetlerinin önemli bir birleşeni kanserli hastaya bakımda karşılanmamış destekleyicibakım ihtiyaçlarının belirlenmesi ve yönetilmesidir. Hastaların hangi gereksinimlerinin karşılanmadığının ve karşılanmamış ihtiyaçların yaygınlığının bilinmesi, hasta bakımının planlanmasında, onkoloji hizmetindeki boşlukları tespit ederek yeniden yapılandırmada yol gösterici olacaktır.Bu derlemenin amacı, yetişkin kanser hastalarının kanser yolculuğunun farklı aşamalarında -yeni tanı konma ve aktif tedavi dönemi, tedavi sonrası sağkalım süreci-ve tümör gruplarında-meme, over, prostat, akciğer, beyin tümörü gibi-karşılanmamışdestekleyici bakım gereksinimlerini ve yaygınlığını incelemektir. Böylece, uluslararası kanser politikası çerçevesinde önemli bir kavram olmaya devam eden hastaların karşılanmamış gereksinimleri konusunu ülkemiz literatürüne kazandırmak, onkolojide veya genel hastanede kanser hastalarıyla çalışan sağlık profesyonellerinin konuya dikkatini çekmek ve ekip çalışmasıyla sunulabilecek hasta-merkezli holistik bakımın önemini vurgulamak mümkün olabilir.

Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Onkoloji

The Gap Between Supportive Care Needs and the Care Provided in Adult Cancer Patients

Öz:

The identification and management of unmet supportive care needs of cancer patients is an important component of health-care services. Assessment of the nature and prevalence of patient needs that are not met will be guiding in the planning of patient-care, and in the identification of gaps in oncology services towards a necessary restructuring. The purpose of this review article is to determine the nature and prevalence of unmet supportive care needs of adult cancer patients through different stages over the course of the disease, i.e. diagnosis and active treatment, post-treatment survival and in various tumour groups such as breast, ovarian, prostate, lung and brain tumours. This study aims to contribute to the Turkish literature in the area of unmet patient needs as an important current concept in the framework of international cancer policy, to draw the attention of health-care professionals who work in the field of oncology in general or specialised wards, and emphasize the importance of patient-centred holistic care that can be provided through team-work

Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Onkoloji

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

Abbott-Anderson, K., & Kwekkeboom, K.L. (2012). A systematic review of sexual concerns reported by gynecological cancer survivors. Gynecol Oncol.,124(3), 477- 89.
Alfano, C., & Rowland, J. (2006). Recovery issues in cancer survivorship: A new challenge for supportive care. Cancer Journal, 12 (5), 432-443.
Altıok, H.Ö., Şengün F., Üstün B. (2011). Bakım: Kavram analizi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi, 4 (3),137-140.
Armes, J., Crowe, M., Colbourne, L., Morgan, H., Murrells, T., Oakley, C., et al. (2009). Patients' supportive care needs beyond the end of cancer treatment: a prospective, longitudinal survey. J Clin Oncol., 20, 27(36), 6172-9.
Arora, N.K., Rutten, L.J.F., Gustafson, D.H., Moser, R. & Hawkins, R.P. (2007). Perceived helpfulness and impact of social support provided by family, friends, and health care providers to women newly diagnosed with breast cancer. Psychooncology, 16 (5), 474-86.
Asadi-Lari, M., Tamburini, M. & Gray, D. (2004). Patients' needs, satisfaction, and health related quality of life: towards a comprehensive model. Health Qual Life Outcomes, 2, 32.
Astrow, A.B., Wexler, A., Texeira, K., Kai He, M., & Sulmasy, D.P. (2007). Is failure to meet spiritual needs associated with cancer patients' perceptions of quality of care and their satisfaction with care? Journal Of Clınıcal Oncology Volume, 25, 36.
Beesley, V.L., Eakin, E., Steginga, S., Aitken, J., Dunn, J., & Battistutta, D. (2008). Unmet needs of gynaecological cancer survivors: implications for developing community support services. Psycho-Oncology, 17: 392-400.
Beesley, V.L., Price, M.A., Webb, P.M., O'Rourke, P., Marquart, L., Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, et al. (2012). Changes in supportive care needs after first-line treatment for ovarian cancer: identifying care priorities and risk factors for future unmet needs. Psycho-Oncology. doi: 10.1002/pon.3169
Bender, J.L., Wiljer, D., To M.J., Bedard, P.L., Chung, P., Jewett, M.A.S., et al. (2012). Testicular cancer survivors' supportive care needs and use of online support: a cross- sectional survey. Support Care Cancer, 20,2737-2746.
Bernadine, C. (1999). Pretreatment symptom distress in women newly diagnosed with breast cancer. Cancer Nursing, 22 (3),185-194.
Billet, J. & Crossing, S. (2003). A consumer-initiated survey of women's experiences of breast cancer services in NSW. NSW Public Health Bull, 14, 117-119.
Bonevski, B., Sanson-Fisher, R., Girgis, A., Burton, L., Cook, P. & Boyes, A. (2000).
Evaluation of an instrument to assess the needs of patients with cancer. Cancer, 88, 217-225.
Boyes, A.W., Girgis, A., D'Este, C. & Zucca, A.C. (2012). Prevalence and correlates of cancer survivors' supportive care needs 6 months after diagnosis: a population-based cross- sectional study. BMC Cancer, 12, 150.
Browall, M., Carlsson, M., & Horvath, G.G. (2004). Information needs of women with recently diagnosed ovarian cancer--a longitudinal study. Eur J Oncol Nurs, 8(3), 200-210.
Bryant-Lukosius, D., Browne, G., DiCenso, A., Whelan, T., Gafni, A., Neville, A., et al. (2010). Evaluating health-related quality of life and priority health problems in patients with prostate cancer: a strategy for defining the role of the advanced practice nurse. Can Oncol Nurs J, 20(1), 5-14.
Can, G., Durna, Z. & Aydiner, A. (2004). Assessment of fatigue in and care needs of Turkish women with breast cancer. Cancer Nurs, 27(2), 153-61.
Chen, S.C., Liao, C.T., Lin, C.C., Chang, J.T. & Lai, Y.H. (2009). Distress and care needs in newly diagnosed oral cavity cancer patients receiving surgery. Oral Oncol, 45(9), 815-820.
Clavarino, A.M., Lowe, J.B., Carmony, S. & Balanda, K. (2002). The needs of cancer patients and their families from rural and remote areas of Queensland. Austr J Rural Health, 10, 188- 195.
Davis, C., Girgis, A., Williams, P. & Beeney, L. (1998). Needs assessment of rural and remote women travelling to the city for breast cancer treatment. Aust N Z J Public Health, 22,525-527.
Dikencik, B.K. (2003). Radyoterapi alan jinekolojik kanserli kadınlarda vajinal dilatasyon ve cinsel devamlılığın önemi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Florence Nightingale Hemşirelik Yüksek Okulu Dergisi, 13(50), 105-113.
Echlin, K.N., & Rees, C.E. (2002). Information needs and information-seeking behaviors of men with prostate cancer and their partners: a review of the literature. Cancer Nurs, 25(1), 35-41.
Ekman, I., Berghom I., Ekman, T., Berthold, H. & Mahneh S.M. (2004). Maintaining normality and support are central issues when receiving chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. Cancer Nursing, 27, 3.
Ferrell, B. R., Grant, M. M., Funk, B. M., Otis-Green, S. A., & Garcia, N. J. (1997). Quality of life in breast cancer part I: Physical and social well-being. Cancer Nursing, 20(6), 398- 408.
Ferrell, B.R. & Hassey Dow, K. (1997). Quality of life among long-term cancer survivors. Oncology, 11, 565-568.
Feuerstein, M. (2007). Defining cancer survivorship. J Cancer Survivor., 1(1), 5-7.
Fitch, M. I., Gray, R. E., DePetrillo, D., Franssen, E., & Howell, D. (1999). Canadian women's perspective on ovarian cancer. Cancer Prevention Control, 3, 52-60.
Ford, E., Catt, S., Chalmers, A., & Fallowfield, L. (2012). Systematic review of supportive care needs in patients with primary malignant brain tumors. Neuro-Oncology, 14(4), 392-404.
Foot, G. & Sanson-Fisher, R.W. (1995). Measuring the unmet needs of people living with cancer. Cancer Forum, 19, 131- 135.
Fujisawa, D., Park, S., Kimura, R., Suyama, I., Koyama, Y., Takeuchi, M., et al. (2010). Unmet supportive needs of cancer patients in an acute care hospital in Japan--a census study. Support Care Cancer, 18(11), 1393-403.
Gardner, R. B. (2008). A holistic assessment of the perceived supportive care needs of cancer patients during treatment. University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertation, Paper 823.
Girgis ,A., Boyes, A., Sanson-Fisher, R.W., & Burrows, S. (2000). Perceived needs of women diagnosed with breast cancer: rural versus urban location. Aust N Z J Public Health. 24,166-17.
Gozum, S. & Akcay, D. (2005). Response to the needs of Turkish chemotherapy patients and their families. Cancer Nurs, 28, 469-475.
Hack, T. F., Degner, L. F., & Parker, P. A. (2005). The communication goals and needs of cancer patients: A review. Psycho-Oncology, 14, 831-845.
Harrison, J.D., Young, J.M., Price, M.A., Butow, P.N., & Solomon, M.J. (2009). What are the unmet supportive care needs of people with cancer? A systematic review. Support Care Cancer, 17,1117-1128.
Harrison, J.D., Young, J.M., Auld, S., Masya, L., Solomon, M.J. & Butow, P.N. (2011). Quantifying postdischarge unmet supportive care needs of people with colorectal cancer: a clinical audit. Colorectal Dis., 13(12), 1400-1406.
Hill, K.M., Amir, Z., Muers, M., Connolly, K. & Round, C. (2003). Do newly diagnosed lung cancer patients feel their concerns are being met?. European Journal of Cancer Care, 12,35-45.
Higginson, I.J., Hart, S., Koffman, J., Selman, L. & Harding, R. (2007). Needs assessments in palliative care: an appraisal of definitions and approaches used. J Pain Symptom Manage., 33(5), 500-505.
Hodgkinson, K., Butow, P., Hunt, G., Pendlebury, S., Hobbs, K. M., Lo, S. K., et al. (2007). The development and evaluation of a measure to assess cancer survivors' unmet supportive care needs: The CaSUN (Cancer Survivors Unmet Needs measure). Psycho-Oncology, 16(9), 796-804.
Houts, P. S., Yasko, J. M., Kahn, S. B., Schelzel, G. W., & Marconi, K. M. (1986). Unmet psychological, social, and economic needs of persons with cancer in Pennsylvania. Cancer, 58(10), 2355-2361.
Howell, D., Mayo, S., Currie, S., Jones, G., Boyle, M., Hack, T., et al. (2012). Psychosocial health care needs assessment of adult cancerpatients: a consensus-based guideline. Support Care Cancer, 20(12), 3343-54.
Hu, Y. & Ken, S. (2004). Symptoms, psychological distress, social support, and quality of life of chinese patients newly diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancer. Cancer Nursing, 27 (5), 389-399.
Janda, M., Eakin, E.G., Bailey, L., Walker, D., & Troy, K. (2006). Supportive care needs of people with brain tumours and their carers. Support Care Cancer, 14,1094-1103.
Janda, M., Steginga, S., Dunn, J., Langbecker, D., Walker, D., & Eakin, E. (2008). Unmet supportive care needs and interest in services among patients with a brain tumour and their carers. Patient Education and Counseling, 71, 251-258.
Jefford, M. & Tattersall, M.H.N. (2002). Informing and involving cancer patients in their own care. Lancet Oncol., 3, 629-637.
Jenkins, V., Fallowfield, L., & Saul, J. (2001). Information needs of patients with cancer: Results from a large study in UK cancer centres. British Journal of Cancer, 84(1), 48-51.
Kornblith, A. B., Herdon, J. E., Zuckerman, E., Viscoli, C. M., Horwitz, R. I., Cooper, M. R., et al. (2001). Social support as a buffer to the psychological impact of stressful life events in women with breast cancer. Cancer, 91(2), 443-454.
Landmark, B.T,, Bohler, A., Loberg, K. & Wahl, A.K. (2008). Women with newly diagnosed breast cancer and their perceptions of needs in a health-care context a focus group study of women attending a breast diagnostic centre in Norway. Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness in association with Journal of Clinical Nursing, 17 (7b), 192-200.
Li, J., & Girgis, A. (2006). Supportive care needs: are patients with lung cancer a neglected population? Psychooncology, 15,509-516.
Li, W.W.Y., Lam, W.W.T., Au, A.H.Y., Ye, M., Law,W.L., Poon, J., et al. (2012). Interpreting differences in patterns of supportive care needs between patients with breast cancer and patients with colorectal cancer. Psycho-Oncology, doi: 10.1002/pon.3068.
Lintz, K., Moynihan, C., Steginga, A., Norman, A., Eeles, R., Huddart, R., et al. (2003). Prostate cancer patients' support and psychological care needs: Survey from a non-surgical oncology clinic. Psychooncology, 12, 769-783.
Macmillan Cancer Retrieved. (2010-11-30). Living with or beyond cancer.
Mallinger, J. B., Griggs, J. J., & Shields, C. G. (2005). Patient- centered care and breast cancer survivors' satisfaction with information. Patient Education and Counseling, 57, 342-349.
Maguire, R., Papadopoulou, C., Kotronoulas, G., Simpson, M.F., McPhelim, J.,& Irvine, L. A. (2012). Systematic review of supportive care needs of people living with lung cancer. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, Dec. 13.1-16.
McCaughan, E.M. & Thompson, K.A. (2000). Information needs of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy at a day unit in Northern Ireland. J Clin Nurs, 9, 851-858.
Miller, B. E., Pittman, B., & Strong, C. (2003). Gynecologic cancer patients' psychosocial needs and their views on the physician's role in meeting those needs. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 13, 111-119.
Mills, M.E. & Sullivan K. (1999). The importance of information giving for patients newly diagnosed with cancer: a review of the literature. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 8, 631-642.
Minstrell, M., Winzenberg, T., Rankin, N., Hughes, C. & Walker, J. (2008). Supportive care of rural women with breast cancer in Tasmania, Australia: changing needs over time. Psychooncology, 17 (1),58-65.
Moadel, A., Morgan, C., Fatone, A., Grennan, J., Carter, J., Laruffa, G., et al. (1999). Seeking meaning and hope: Self- reported spiritual and existential needs among and ethnically- diverse cancer patient population. Psycho-Oncology, 8, 378- 385.
Newell, S., Sanson-Fisher, R. W., Girgis, A., & Ackland, S. (1999). The physical and psycho-social experiences of patients department: A cross-sectional study. European Journal of Cancer Care, 8, 73-82. outpatient medical oncology
Ng, R., Verkooijen, H.M., Ooi, L.L. & Koh, W.P. (2012). Unmet psychosocial needs among cancer patients undergoing ambulatory care in Singapore. Support Care Cancer, 20(5), 1049-56.
Office of Cancer Survivorship of the US National Cancer Institute. (6 November 2006) . DCCPS:OCS: About cancer survivorship research: survivorship definition.
Patterson, P., Millar, B., Desille, N., & McDonald, F. (2012). The unmet needs of emerging adults with a cancer diagnosis: A qualitative study. Cancer Nurs., 35(3), 32-40.
Penson, R. T., Gallagher, J., Gioiella, M. E., Wallace, M., Borden, K., Duska, L. A., et al. (2000). Sexuality and cancer: Conversation comfort zone. The Oncologist, 5, 336-344.
Polikandrioti, M. & Ntokou, M. (2011). Needs of hospitalized patients. Health Science Journal, 5 (1), 15-22.
Puts, M.T.E., Papoutsis, A., Springall, E. & Tourangeau, A.E. (2012). A systematic review of unmet needs of newly diagnosed older cancer patients undergoing active cancer treatment. Support Care Cancer, 20, 1377-1394.
Ream, E., Quennell, A., Fincham, L., Faithfull, S., Khoo, V., Wilson-Barnett, J., et al. (2008). Supportive care needs of men living with prostate cancer in England: a survey. Br J Cancer, 17, 98(12), 1903-9.
Richardson, A., Medina J., Brown, V., & Sitzia, A. (2007). Patients' needs assessment in cancer care: a reviewof assessment tools. Support Care Cancer, 15, 1125-1144.
Sanders, S.L., Bantum, E.O., Owen, J.E., Thornton, A.A., & Stanton, A.L. (2010). Supportive care needs in patients with lung cancer. Psycho-Oncology, 19, 480-489.
Sanson-Fisher, R.W., Girgis, A., Boyes, A., Boneveski, B., Burton, L. & Cook, P. (2000). The unmet supportive care needs of patients with cancer. Cancer, 88, 225-236.
Saraswathi, N. (2005). Needs and concerns of breast cancer patients- SGH experience. Singap Nurs J, 35(4), 34-41.
Schmid-Büchi, S., Ruud J.G. Halfens, R.J.G., Müller, M., Dassen, T. & van den Borne, B. (2013). Factors associated with supportive care needs of patients under treatment for breast cancer. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 17, 22-29.
Schofield, P., Carey M., Bonevski B., & Sanson-Fisher R. (2006). Barriers to the provision of evidence-based psychosocial care in oncology. Psycho-Oncology, 15, 863- 872.
Smith, D.P., Supramaniam, R., King, M.T., Ward, J., Berry, M., & Armstrong, B.K. (2007). Age, health, and education determine supportive care needs of men younger than 70 years with prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol, 25(18), 2560-2566.
Somjai, A., & Chaipoom, A. (2006). Psychosocial needs of women with cancer of the reproductive system: A comparison of buddhist and muslim patients in Thailand. Ment Health Relig Cult, 9, 379-388.
Soothill, K., Morris, S.M., Harman, J., Francis, B., Thomas, C. & McIllmurray, M.B. (2001). The significant unmet needs of cancer patients: probing psychosocial concerns. Supportive Care in Cancer, 9, 597-605.
Spelten, E. R., Sprangers, M. A. G., & Verbeek, J. H. A. M. (2002). Factors reported to influence to return to work of cancer survivors: A literature review. Psycho-Oncology, 11, 124-131.
Steginga, S. K., & Dunn, J. (1997) Women's experiences following treatment for gynecologic cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum, 24, 1403-1406.
Steele, R., & Fitch, M.I. (2008). Supportive care needs of women with gynecologic cancer cancer nursing. Cancer Nurs, 31(4), 284-291.
Sutherland, G., Hill, D., Morand, M., Pruden, M., McLachlan, S.A.(2009). Assessing the unmet supportive care needs of newly diagnosed patients with cancer. European Journal of Cancer Care, 18 (6), 577-84.
Tamburini, M., Gangeri, L., Brunelli, C., Beltrami, E., Boeri, P., Borreani, C., et al. (2000). Assessment of hospitalised cancer patients' needs by the Needs Evaluation Questionnaire. Ann Oncol, 11, 31-37.
Tamburini, M., Gangeri, L., Brunelli, C., Boeri, P., Borreani, C., Bosisio, M., et al. (2003). Cancer patients' needs during hospitalisation: a quantitative and qualitative study. BMC Cancer, 3, 12.
Tan, G., Waldman. K., & Bostrch, R. (2002). Psychosocial issues, sexuality and cancer. Sex Disabil, 20, 297-318.
Terakye, G. (2012). Karşıdan bakış. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi, 5 (4), 162-170.
Ugalde, A., Aranda, S., Krishnasamy, M., Ball, D., & Schofield, P. (2012). Unmet needs and distress in people with inoperable lung cancer at the commencement of treatment. Support Care Cancer, 20,419-423.
Urbaniec, O.A., Collins, K., Denson, L.A., & Whitford, H.S. (2011). Gynecological cancer survivors: assessment of psychological distress and unmet supportive care needs. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 29, 534-551.
Yarış, F. (24.02.2012). Kanserle yaşamak "kanser survivor'u olmak". 28.01.2013.http://www.ailehekimleri.net/index.php?option=c om_content&view=article&id=5028:kanserle-yaamak- kanser-survivori-olmak&catid=48:dorf-yari&Itemid=444
Yıldırım, G. & Oskay, Ü. (2003). Histerektomi sonrası kadın cinsel yaşama uyumu. İstanbul Üniversitesi Florence Nightingale Hemşirelik Yüksek Okulu Dergisi, 13(50), 115- 123.
Wen, K.Y. & Gustafson, D.H. (2004). Needs Assessment for cancer patients and their families. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2, 1-12.
Whelan, T.J., Mohide, E.A., Willan, A.R., Arnold, A., Tew, M., Sellick, S., et al. (1997). The supportive care needs of newly diagnosed cancer patients attending a regional cancer center. Cancer, 80,1518-1524.
White, K.J., Roydhouse, J.K., D'Abrew, N.K., Katris, P., O'Connor, M. & Emery, L. (2011). Unmet psychological and practical needs of patients with cancer in rural and remote areas of Western Australia. Rural and Remote Health, 11, 1784.
Zabora, J., BrintzenhofeSzoc, K., Curbow, B., Hooker, C., & Piantadosi, S. (2001). The prevalence of psychological distress by cancer site. Psychooncology, 10(1),19-28.

APA	YILDIRIM KOCAMAN N, KAÇMAZ N, Özkan M (2013). Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk. , 231 - 240.
Chicago	YILDIRIM KOCAMAN Nazmiye,KAÇMAZ Nesiba,Özkan Mine Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk. (2013): 231 - 240.
MLA	YILDIRIM KOCAMAN Nazmiye,KAÇMAZ Nesiba,Özkan Mine Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk. , 2013, ss.231 - 240.
AMA	YILDIRIM KOCAMAN N,KAÇMAZ N,Özkan M Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk. . 2013; 231 - 240.
Vancouver	YILDIRIM KOCAMAN N,KAÇMAZ N,Özkan M Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk. . 2013; 231 - 240.
IEEE	YILDIRIM KOCAMAN N,KAÇMAZ N,Özkan M "Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk." , ss.231 - 240, 2013.
ISNAD	YILDIRIM KOCAMAN, Nazmiye vd. "Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk". (2013), 231-240.

APA	YILDIRIM KOCAMAN N, KAÇMAZ N, Özkan M (2013). Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi, 6(4), 231 - 240.
Chicago	YILDIRIM KOCAMAN Nazmiye,KAÇMAZ Nesiba,Özkan Mine Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi 6, no.4 (2013): 231 - 240.
MLA	YILDIRIM KOCAMAN Nazmiye,KAÇMAZ Nesiba,Özkan Mine Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi, vol.6, no.4, 2013, ss.231 - 240.
AMA	YILDIRIM KOCAMAN N,KAÇMAZ N,Özkan M Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi. 2013; 6(4): 231 - 240.
Vancouver	YILDIRIM KOCAMAN N,KAÇMAZ N,Özkan M Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi. 2013; 6(4): 231 - 240.
IEEE	YILDIRIM KOCAMAN N,KAÇMAZ N,Özkan M "Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk." Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi, 6, ss.231 - 240, 2013.
ISNAD	YILDIRIM KOCAMAN, Nazmiye vd. "Yetişkin Kanser Hastalarının Destekleyici Bakım Gereksinimleri ve Verilen Hizmet Arasındaki Boşluk". Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Elektronik Dergisi 6/4 (2013), 231-240.