Yıl: 2017 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 71 - 78 Metin Dili: İngilizce İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate

Öz:
The goal of this study was to investigate the permeability characteristics of glyoxal blended sodium silicate injected sand specimens with different relative densities and gradations. Initially, rheological characteristics of glyoxal blended sodium silicate grouts were determined. Accordingly, the gel time decreased as the sodium silicate content increased. Viscosities of glyoxal blended sodium silicate grouts increased as the silicate content increased. Syneresis increased as the silicate content increased up to 37% but then started decreasing as the silicate content continued to increase. The groutability of glyoxal blended sodium silicate grouts into different graded sands specimens formed at various relative densities was highly successful. Grouted sand samples were kept in humidity room at a temperature of 20 °C till test time and put to permeability tests at different time intervals. In general, glyoxal blended sodium silicate grouting decreased the permeability of different graded sand specimens. The permeability of sodium silicateglyoxal grouted sand specimens increased with time as a conclusion of syneresis.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • 1. Fransson A. Characterization of a fractured rock mass for a grouting filed test. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology 16 (2001) 331-339.
  • 2. Cambefort H. The principles and applications of grouting. Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology 10 (1977) 57-95.
  • 3. Greenwood D.A., Thomson G.H. Ground Stabilisation: Deep Compaction and Grouting, Thomas Telford Publishing, UK, 1984.
  • 4. Karol R.H. Chemical Grouting and Soil Stabilization, Marcel Dekker, New Brunswick, USA, 2003
  • 5. EM 1110-3500. Chemical Grouting, US Army Corps of Engineers, Washington DC, 1995.
  • 6. Bodocsi A., Bowers M.T. Permeability of Acrylate, Urethane,and Silicate Grouted Sands With Chemicals. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 117 (1991) 1227-1244.
  • 7. Krizek R., Spino M., Spatial and Directional Variations in Engineering Properties of an In Situ Silicate-Grouted Sand, in: Krizek R., Sharp K. (Eds.). Proc., Advances in Grouting and Ground Modification Conf, 5-8 August,Denver, Colorado, pp. 139-154,2000.
  • 8. ASTM D 854-02. Standard test method for specific gravity of soil solids by water pycnometer, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2002.
  • 9. ASTM D 2487-11. Standard practice for classification of soils for engineering purposes (Unified Soil Classification System, Annual Book of ASTM Standards,West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2011. 13
  • 10. ASTM D 4253-00. Standard test method for maximum index density and unit weight of soils using a vibratory table, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2002
  • 11. ASTM D 4254-00. Standard test method for minimum index density and unit weight of soils and calculation of relative density, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2002.
  • 12. Mollamahmutoglu M., Avcı E. Ultrafine Portland Cement Grouting Performance with or without Additives. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering 19 (2014) 2041-2050.
  • 13. Gonzalez H., Vipulanandan C. Behavior of a Sodium Silicate Grouted Sand, in: Hurley T.M, Johnsen L.F. (Eds.). Proc., Grouting and Grouting for Ground Improvement: Innovative Concepts and Applications Conf., 18-21 February. Denver, Colorado, pp. 1-10, 2007
  • 14. ASTM D 2196-15. Standard Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational Viscometer, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2015.
  • 15. ASTM C 2434-68. Standard test method for permeability of granular soils (constant head). Annual Book of ASTM Standards, West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2002.
  • 16. ASTM D 5856-95. Standard test method for measurement of hydraulic conductivity of porous material using a rigidwall, compaction-mold permeameter. Annual Book of ASTM Standards. West Conshohocken, PA, USA, 2002.
  • 17. Mollamahmutoğlu M., Littlejohn G.S. A review of some of the properties of Geoseal MQ-5 and Silicate-Hardener 600B grouts. Ground Engineering (1995) 44-48.
APA AVCI E (2017). Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate. , 71 - 78.
Chicago AVCI Eyubhan Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate. (2017): 71 - 78.
MLA AVCI Eyubhan Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate. , 2017, ss.71 - 78.
AMA AVCI E Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate. . 2017; 71 - 78.
Vancouver AVCI E Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate. . 2017; 71 - 78.
IEEE AVCI E "Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate." , ss.71 - 78, 2017.
ISNAD AVCI, Eyubhan. "Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate". (2017), 71-78.
APA AVCI E (2017). Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate. Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering, 4(1), 71 - 78.
Chicago AVCI Eyubhan Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate. Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering 4, no.1 (2017): 71 - 78.
MLA AVCI Eyubhan Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate. Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering, vol.4, no.1, 2017, ss.71 - 78.
AMA AVCI E Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate. Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering. 2017; 4(1): 71 - 78.
Vancouver AVCI E Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate. Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering. 2017; 4(1): 71 - 78.
IEEE AVCI E "Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate." Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering, 4, ss.71 - 78, 2017.
ISNAD AVCI, Eyubhan. "Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate". Hittite Journal of Science and Engineering 4/1 (2017), 71-78.