There has been a structural change in the world economy since the second half of the twentieth century. Both consumption and production patterns have been dramatically changing in the context of quantitative and qualitative aspects. Especially since the first quarter of the 1970s, following the Stockholm Conference held in 1972, many academicians and institutions such as the United Nations have focused on the relationships between economic growth and development process, as well as between environment and natural resources. In this regard, energy resources have an important place. There is a strong relation between economic growth, population, purchasing power and energy use. Consumption demand, production, and the use of factors of production increase because of the income growth. In this study, it is aimed to test the relation of the electricity use, which takes an important place in energy resources, with economic growth and population. Data set of this study consists of national income, population, and electricity consumption which belong to 22 OECD countries and 22 non-OECD countries with the highest national income. Panel data analysis was made by using statistics of these 44 countries for the period of 1990-2011; Granger Causality Test was applied. While the use of electricity was taken as a dependent variable, population and income were taken as independent variables. As a result of this analysis, there is a bi-directional causality between income and electricity consumption. Similarly, there is also bi-directional causality between population and electricity consumption, as well as between population and national income. These findings demonstrate that the relationship between these variables is bi-directional and meaningful