Yıl: 2016 Cilt: 41 Sayı: 184 Sayfa Aralığı: 147 - 168 Metin Dili: İngilizce İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

The Turkish Higher Education System from the Kaleidoscope of Martin Trow

Öz:
The present study examines the Turkish higher education system using Martin Trow’s ten-aspect transition model from elite to mass to universal access in higher education. Using a semi-structured interview form, 13 eminent people in the higher education sector, including executive board members of the Council of Higher Education, government officials, university administrators and faculty members, and representatives from major educationrelated non-governmental organizations, were interviewed. Qualitative data was analyzed through descriptive analysis. Findings revealed that the Turkish higher education system has been under the influence of politics and vulnerable to threats from the continuously changing political landscape due to its centralized, non-autonomous structure. Problems arising from the rapid increase in the number of higher education institutions and the expansion of the system are more visible today in every segment of the system, from attitudes toward access and the role of the universities attributed by public, issues with diversity and equity in access, and central student selection and placement mechanisms. Additionally, problems related to state control and the centralized structure of the system, failures in institutional governance, and the lack of institutional autonomy as well as problems related to curriculum, forms of instruction, and the lack of mechanisms for quality control and accountability in the institutions were also discussed. Recommendations for further research and policy were provided
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Eğitim, Eğitim Araştırmaları
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Akyüz, Y. (2013). Türk Eğitim Tarihi M.Ö.1000-M.S.2013. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Astin, A. W., & Oseguera, L. (2004). The declining “equity” of American higher education. The Review of Higher Education, 27(3), 321-341.
  • Bai, L. (2006). Graduate unemployment: Dilemmas and challenges in China’s move to mass higher education. The China Quarterly, 185, 128-144.
  • Barblan, A., Ergüder, Ü., & Gürüz, K. (2008). Higher education in Turkey:
  • Institutional autonomy and responsibility in a modernising society. Bologna: Bologna University Press. Berkem, A. R., & Aras, N. K. (2010). Modern üniversite çağının Türkiye’de başlaması. In N.K. Aras, E.
  • Dölen, & O. Bahadır (Eds.), Türkiye’de Üniversite Anlayışının Gelişimi (1861-1961). Ankara: TÜBA Bilimler Akademisi.
  • Blackstone, T. (2001) Why learn? Higher education in a learning society. Higher Education Quarterly, 55(2), 175-84.
  • Boli, J., & Thomas, G. M. (1997). World culture in the world polity: A century of international nongovernmental organization. American Sociological Review, 62(2), 171-190.
  • Brennan, J. (2004). The social role of the contemporary university: Contradictions, boundaries, and change. In Ten years on: Changing higher education in a changing world (pp. 22-26). The Open University: Milton Keynes.
  • Collins, R. (2002). Credential inflation and the future of universities. In S. Brint (Ed.), The future of other city of intellect (pp. 23-47). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • Çelik, S. (2011). Turkish higher education at the crossroads: Critical issues of systematic and institutional structures. Higher Education Review, 43(2), 18-41.
  • Çelik, Z., & Gür, B. (2014). The governance of higher education systems and university autonomy: Global trends and the case of Turkey. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 4(1), 18-27.
  • doi:10.5961/jhes.2014.085 Çetinsaya, G. (2014). Büyüme, Kalite ve Uluslararasılaşma: Türkiye Yükseköğretimi İçin Bir Yol Haritası. Retrieved from https://yolharitasi.yok.gov.tr/docs/YolHaritasi.pdf
  • De Meulemeester, J. C., & Rochat, D. (1995). A causality analysis of the link between higher education and economic development. Economics of Education Review, 144(4), 351-361. Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2005). The sage handbook of qualitative research (3rd ed.). California: Sage Publications.
  • Gök, E. (2013). The future of higher education in Turkey: From an elite to a mass society. In The Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Higher Education Reform (pp. 227-227). Ljubljana, Slovenia: Centre for Education Policy Studies. Retrieved from http://www2.cmepius.si/files/cmepius/userfiles/bolon_eksp/HER_proceedings_2013.pdf
  • Gök, E., & Gümüş, S. (2015). Akademik bir alan olarak yükseköğretim yönetimi. In A. Aypay (Ed.), Türkiye’de Yükseköğretim: Alanı, Kapsamı ve Uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegema. Günay, D., & Günay, A. (2011). 1933’den günümüze Türk yükseköğretiminde niceliksel gelişmeler.
  • Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi, 1(1), 1-22.
  • Günay, D. (2015, 14–16 October). Üniversiteye felsefi bir bakış ve Türk Üniversiteleri. Paper presented at the International Higher Education Studies Conference (IHEC), İstanbul, Turkey.
  • Gyimah-Brempong, K., Paddison, O., & Mitiku, W. (2006). Higher education and economic growth in Africa. Journal of Development Studies, 42(3), 509-529.
  • doi:10.1080/00220380600576490 Johnstone, D. B. (2004). The economics and politics of cost sharing in higher education: Comparative perspectives. Economics of Education Review, 23, 403-410.
  • doi:10.1016/j.econedurev.2003.09.004 Makdisi, G. (1970) Madrasa and university in the middle ages. Studia Islamica, 31, 255-264.
  • Mızıkacı, F. (2006). Higher Education in Turkey. UNESCO/CEPES, Monographs on Higher Education, Bucharest.
  • Mumper, M. (2003). The future of college access: The declining role of public higher education in promoting equal opportunity. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 585(1), 97-117.
  • Özoğlu, M., Gür, B. S., & Gümüs, S. (2016). Rapid expansion of higher education in Turkey: The challenges of recently established public universities (2006-2013). Higher Education Policy, 29(1), 21- 39. doi:10.1057/hep.2015.7
  • Pretorius, S. G., & Xue, Y. Q. (2003). The transition from elite to mass higher education: A Chinese perspective. Prospects, 33(1), 89-101.
  • Schofer, E., & Meyer, J. W. (2005). The worldwide expansion of higher education in the twentieth century. American Sociological Review, 70, 898-920.
  • Seidman, I. (2006). Interviewing as qualitative research: A guide for researchers in education and the social sciences (3rd ed.). New York: Teachers College Press.
  • Teichler, U., Hartung, D., & Nuthmann, R. (1980). Highereducation and the needs ofsociety. Windsor: NFER Publishing Company.
  • T. C. Resmi Gazete [Official Gazette]. (2015). Retrieved from http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/ Torres C. A., & Morrow, R. A. (2000). The state, globalization, and educational policy. In N. C. Burbules, & C. A. Torres (Eds.), Globalization and Education Critical Perspectives. London: Routledge University Press.
  • Trow, M. (1973). Problems in the transition from elite to mass higher education. Berkeley, CA: Carnegie Commission on Higher Education.
  • Trow, M. (2007). Reflections on the transition from elite to mass to universal access: Forms and phases of higher education in modern societies since WWII. In J. J. F. Forest, & P. G. Altbach (Eds.),
  • International Handbook of Higher Education (pp. 243-280). Netherlands: Springer. UNESCO. (2015). UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved from http://data.uis.unesco.org/ Vaira, M. (2004). Globalization and higher education organizational change: A framework for analysis.
  • Higher Education, 48(4), 483-510.
  • Yavuz, A. (2010). Universities are becoming “high schools” and high schools are “disappearing”!. Çağdaş Eğitim Dergisi, 35(374), 30-40.
  • YÖK. (2015). Yükseköğretim Kurulu: Üniversitelerimiz. Retrieved from http://www.yok.gov.tr/
  • World Bank. (2013). World Development Indicators. Retrieved from http://databank.worldbank.org/
  • World Bank. (2015). World Development Indicators. Retrieved from http://databank.worldbank.org/
APA GOK E (2016). The Turkish Higher Education System from the Kaleidoscope of Martin Trow. , 147 - 168.
Chicago GOK ENES The Turkish Higher Education System from the Kaleidoscope of Martin Trow. (2016): 147 - 168.
MLA GOK ENES The Turkish Higher Education System from the Kaleidoscope of Martin Trow. , 2016, ss.147 - 168.
AMA GOK E The Turkish Higher Education System from the Kaleidoscope of Martin Trow. . 2016; 147 - 168.
Vancouver GOK E The Turkish Higher Education System from the Kaleidoscope of Martin Trow. . 2016; 147 - 168.
IEEE GOK E "The Turkish Higher Education System from the Kaleidoscope of Martin Trow." , ss.147 - 168, 2016.
ISNAD GOK, ENES. "The Turkish Higher Education System from the Kaleidoscope of Martin Trow". (2016), 147-168.
APA GOK E (2016). The Turkish Higher Education System from the Kaleidoscope of Martin Trow. Eğitim ve Bilim, 41(184), 147 - 168.
Chicago GOK ENES The Turkish Higher Education System from the Kaleidoscope of Martin Trow. Eğitim ve Bilim 41, no.184 (2016): 147 - 168.
MLA GOK ENES The Turkish Higher Education System from the Kaleidoscope of Martin Trow. Eğitim ve Bilim, vol.41, no.184, 2016, ss.147 - 168.
AMA GOK E The Turkish Higher Education System from the Kaleidoscope of Martin Trow. Eğitim ve Bilim. 2016; 41(184): 147 - 168.
Vancouver GOK E The Turkish Higher Education System from the Kaleidoscope of Martin Trow. Eğitim ve Bilim. 2016; 41(184): 147 - 168.
IEEE GOK E "The Turkish Higher Education System from the Kaleidoscope of Martin Trow." Eğitim ve Bilim, 41, ss.147 - 168, 2016.
ISNAD GOK, ENES. "The Turkish Higher Education System from the Kaleidoscope of Martin Trow". Eğitim ve Bilim 41/184 (2016), 147-168.