Nationalism emerged as a political doctrine in the mid-19th century. The role of the 1789 French Revolution has a great important in the development of the nationalism movements. Nationalism has based on its political legitimacy to the nation and the nation state concepts. The modernization process has supported the nationalist movements. After the industrial revolution, the process of the social change accelerated. Although developments in the mass media have increased the literacy rate; however, improvements in social welfare also caused inequalities. In this environment, nationalism has become a new tool for equality and freedom demands and it sought to provide religious and linguistic homogeneity within a specific ethnic group. Nationalism affected to the multi-national states adversely. It led to various revolts by increasing demands about political rights and freedoms. The rebellions in Ottoman Empire broke out as results of Balkan nationalism were based on religious and linguistic factors. The rebellions also clearly were supported by foreign powers. The Ottoman State lost its multi-ethnic and multi-religious cosmopolitan nature with the nationalist movements in the nineteenth century.The purpose of this work is to determine by a political movement putting forth the characteristics of nationalism with near relationships the modernization process