Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the suitability of the choledochoduodenostomy for treatment of benign and malignant distal common bile duct stenosis and also, to investigate the relationship between preoperative biochemical data and the causes of obstructive jaundice. Material and Method: Patients with the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis or pancreatic carcinoma who underwent choledochoduodenostomy between 2014-2018 years were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to their preoperative diagnosis: patients diagnosed with choledocholithiasis (KDL group n=29) and patients diagnosed with pancreatic carcinoma (PCA group; n=5). Demographic characteristics and laboratory data of the patients were compared. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of age, gender, length of hospital stay, operation and mortality rates (p>0.05). Anastomotic leakage was not observed in both groups. Preoperative measured ALT, GGT, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin levels of patients in the pancreatic carcinoma group were higher than the patients in the KDL group (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that preoperative ALP, GGT, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin levels can be used as an adjunctive biomedical marker for prediction of pancreatic cancer in patients for whom choledochoduodenostomy is planned for obstructive jaundice. Despite the disadvantages, choledochoduodenostomy should be a preferable method in the treatment of distal choledochal obstruction when endoscopic methods are inadequate.