Russian traveler Pyotr Alexandrovich Chikhachov (1808-1890), who is known for his work on Altai and Turkey, visited Turkey for the first time in 1835. Later, between 1847 and 1858 he travelled to Ottoman Empire again. As result these journeys, he published his eightvolume work on Asie Mineure. This work, which is considered as a scientific legacy, highly appreciated among his peers, not only due to scientific information about the climate, nature, fauna and flora of the Anatolian lands, but also due to invaluable information for its readers about the history, cultural values and the life of people living in these lands. The topic of this research is The Letters on Turkey, which is another Chikhachov work, published for the first time in 1858 in a French newspaper La Nord. It was translated and published in Russia only in 1960. In The Letters on Turkey, consisting of 15 letters in total, Chikhachov introduced and investigated the regions of Ottoman which had not been explored before. In the travel, which took place from June 20th to August 17th 1858, the writer‟s travelled the cities like Giresun, Gümüşhane, Erzurum and Erzincan. The daily life, traditions of Anatolian Greek, Armenian and Kurdish tribes living in that lands as well as their relations with other nations and countries were reflected. At the same time, detailed information about the Ottoman Empire‟s various government institutions and their procedures, the Empire‟s financial situation, governmental debts and tax system were also enlighten in this work. The time Chikhachov spent in the Ottoman Empire coincided with the Tanzimat Reforms. Accordingly, the aim of the writer was mainly to observe and narrate how reforms were implemented in the far regions of Turkey rather than in the big cities.