Modernism and postmodernism emphasise the social structure of two different societies. While modernism is based on a holistic understanding, postmodernism is based on locality and pluralism. In addition to modernism, nationalism and ethnicity have become essential factors in determining the structure of society, especially social institutions. These two factors have shaped the understanding of identity and sense of belonging to social actors. The process of building a sense of belonging to mainstream society for subcultural and ethnic groups has varied depending on many different influences through the history. The attitude that is expected from subcultural groups in modern societies is to abandon their nationalist feelings and build the sense of belonging to mainstream society. In the postmodern period, social structures as a result of globalisation and mobilisation processes have become a multicultural structure. During this period, different ethnic groups have had the opportunity to develop a sense of belonging to the mainstream society without giving up their nationalist feelings. Especially the emergence of hybrid identities as a result of multiculturalism has accelerated the different understanding of a sense of belonging. In the postmodern period, nationalist sentiments for subcultural groups continue to be useful in determining their sense of belonging.