Yıl: 2020 Cilt: 28 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 288 - 301 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.3906/elk-1906-194 İndeks Tarihi: 30-04-2020

A novel S-box-based postprocessing method for true random number generation

Öz:
: The quality of randomness in numbers generated by true random number generators (TRNGs) dependson the source of entropy. However, in TRNGs, sources of entropy are affected by environmental changes and thiscreates a correlation between the generated bit sequences. Postprocessing is required to remove the problem created bythis correlation in TRNGs. In this study, an S-box-based postprocessing structure is proposed as an alternative to thepostprocessing structures seen in the published literature. A ring oscillator (RO)-based TRNG is used to demonstrate theuse of an S-box for postprocessing and the removal of correlations between number sequences. The statistical propertiesof the numbers generated through postprocessing are obtained according to the entropy, autocorrelation, statisticalcomplexity measure, and the NIST 800.22 test suite. According to the results, the postprocessing successfully removedthe correlation. Moreover, the data rate of the bit sequence generated by the proposed postprocessing is reduced to 2/3of its original value at the output.
Anahtar Kelime:

Konular: Mühendislik, Elektrik ve Elektronik Bilgisayar Bilimleri, Yazılım Mühendisliği Bilgisayar Bilimleri, Sibernitik Bilgisayar Bilimleri, Bilgi Sistemleri Bilgisayar Bilimleri, Donanım ve Mimari Bilgisayar Bilimleri, Teori ve Metotlar Bilgisayar Bilimleri, Yapay Zeka
Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • [1] Koç CK. About cryptographic engineering. In: Koç CK (editor). Cryptographic Engineering. New York, NY, USA: Springer, 2009, pp. 5-16.
  • [2] Avaroğlu E, Koyuncu İ, Özer AB, Türk M. Hybrid pseudo-random number generator for cryptographic systems. Nonlinear Dynamics 2015; 82(1-2):239-248.
  • [3] Tuncer T. Implementation of duplicate TRNG on FPGA by using two different randomness source. Elektronika Ir Elektrotechnika 2015; 21 (4):35-39. 10.5755/j01.eee.21.4.12779
  • [4] Suresh VB, Burleson WP. Entropy extraction in metastability-based TRNG. In: IEEE International Symposium on Hardware-Oriented Security and Trust (HOST); Anaheim, CA, USA: IEEE, 2010. pp. 135–140.
  • [5] Dichtl M. Bad and good ways of post-processing biased physical random numbers. In: Biryukov A (editor). Fast Software Encryption. FSE 2007. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4593. Berlin, Germany: Springer, 2007. pp. 137–152.
  • [6] Sunar B, Martin WJ, Stinson DR. A provably secure true random number generator with built in tolerance to active attacks. IEEE Transactions on Computers 2007; 56 (1): 109–119.
  • [7] Kohlbrenner P, Gaj K. An embedded true random number generator for FPGAs. In: Proceedings of the 2004 ACM/SIGDA 12th International Symposium on Field Programmable Gate Arrays, New York, NY, USA; ACM, 2004. pp. 71–78.
  • [8] Golic JDJ. New methods for digital generation and post processing of random data. IEEE Transactions on Computers 2006; 55 (10): 1217–1229.
  • [9] Schellekens D, Preneel B, Verbauwhede I. FPGA vendor agnostic true random number generator. In: International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications; Madrid, Spain; IEEE, 2006. pp. 1–6.
  • [10] Avaroğlu E, Tuncer T, Özer AB, Ergen B, Türk M. A novel chaos-based post-processing for TRNG. Nonlinear Dynamics 2015; 81 (1-2): 1–11.
  • [11] Tuna M, Fidan CB. A study on the importance of chaotic oscillators based on FPGA for true random number generating (TRNG) and chaotic systems. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University 2018; 33 (2): 469-486.
  • [12] Alçin M, Koyuncu İ, Tuna M, Varan M, Pehlivan İ. A novel high speed artificial neural network based chaotic true random number generator on field programmable gate array. International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications 2019; 47 (3): 365-378.
  • [13] Tuna M, Fidan CB, Koyuncu İ. The chaos-based dual entropy core TRNG on FPGA: VHDL Codes of Chaotic Systems, Beau Bassin, Mauritius: LAMBERT Academic Publication (LAP), 2019.
  • [14] Koyuncu İ, Özcerit AT. The design and realization of a new high speed FPGA-based chaotic true random number generator. Computers & Electrical Engineering 2017; 58: 203-214.
  • [15] Loza S, Matuszewski L, Mieczyslaw J. A random number generator using ring oscillators and SHA-256 as post processing. International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications 2015; 1 (2): 199-204.
  • [16] Nikolic S, Veinovic M. Advancement of true random number generators based on sound cards through utilization of a new post-processing method. Wireless Personal Communications 2016; 91 (2): 603–622.
  • [17] Zhang R, Chen S, Wan C, Shinohara H. High-throughput Von Neumann post-processing for random number generator. In: International Symposium on VLSI Design, Automation and Test (VLSI-DAT) Hsinchu, Taiwan; IEEE, 2018. pp. 1–4.
  • [18] Barak B, Shaltiel R, Tromer E. True random number generators secure in a changing environment. In: Walter CD, Koç C, Paar C (editors). Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems(CHES), Berlin, Germany: Springer, 2003, pp. 166–180.
  • [19] Webster AF, Tavares SE. On the design of S-Boxes. In: Advances in Cryptology — CRYPTO ’85 Proceedings, Berlin, Germany: Springer, 1986, pp. 523–534.
  • [20] Paar C, Pelzl J. Understanding Cryptography: A Textbook for Students and Practitioners. Berlin, Germany: Springer, 2010.
  • [21] Stallings W. Cryptography and Network Security Principles and Practices. Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Pearson, 2005.
  • [22] Wold K, Tan CH. Analysis and enhancement of random number generator in fpga based on oscillator rings. In: International Conference on Reconfigurable Computing and FPGAs; Cancun, Mexico; IEEE, 2008, pp. 385–390.
  • [23] Bassham LE, Rukhin AL, Soto J, Nechvatal JR, Smid ME et al. A statistical test suite for random and pseudo random number generators for cryptographic applications. Special Publication (NIST SP) - 800-22 Rev 1a, 2010.
  • [24] Avaroğlu E, Türk M. Hardware based realization of random number generator. PhD, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey, 2014.
  • [25] Avaroğlu E. Pseudorandom number generator based on Arnold cat map and statistical analysis. Turkish Journal Of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences 2017; 25 (1): 633–643.
APA AVAROGLU E, TUNCER T (2020). A novel S-box-based postprocessing method for true random number generation. , 288 - 301. 10.3906/elk-1906-194
Chicago AVAROGLU ERDINÇ,TUNCER TANER A novel S-box-based postprocessing method for true random number generation. (2020): 288 - 301. 10.3906/elk-1906-194
MLA AVAROGLU ERDINÇ,TUNCER TANER A novel S-box-based postprocessing method for true random number generation. , 2020, ss.288 - 301. 10.3906/elk-1906-194
AMA AVAROGLU E,TUNCER T A novel S-box-based postprocessing method for true random number generation. . 2020; 288 - 301. 10.3906/elk-1906-194
Vancouver AVAROGLU E,TUNCER T A novel S-box-based postprocessing method for true random number generation. . 2020; 288 - 301. 10.3906/elk-1906-194
IEEE AVAROGLU E,TUNCER T "A novel S-box-based postprocessing method for true random number generation." , ss.288 - 301, 2020. 10.3906/elk-1906-194
ISNAD AVAROGLU, ERDINÇ - TUNCER, TANER. "A novel S-box-based postprocessing method for true random number generation". (2020), 288-301. https://doi.org/10.3906/elk-1906-194
APA AVAROGLU E, TUNCER T (2020). A novel S-box-based postprocessing method for true random number generation. Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, 28(1), 288 - 301. 10.3906/elk-1906-194
Chicago AVAROGLU ERDINÇ,TUNCER TANER A novel S-box-based postprocessing method for true random number generation. Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences 28, no.1 (2020): 288 - 301. 10.3906/elk-1906-194
MLA AVAROGLU ERDINÇ,TUNCER TANER A novel S-box-based postprocessing method for true random number generation. Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, vol.28, no.1, 2020, ss.288 - 301. 10.3906/elk-1906-194
AMA AVAROGLU E,TUNCER T A novel S-box-based postprocessing method for true random number generation. Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences. 2020; 28(1): 288 - 301. 10.3906/elk-1906-194
Vancouver AVAROGLU E,TUNCER T A novel S-box-based postprocessing method for true random number generation. Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences. 2020; 28(1): 288 - 301. 10.3906/elk-1906-194
IEEE AVAROGLU E,TUNCER T "A novel S-box-based postprocessing method for true random number generation." Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, 28, ss.288 - 301, 2020. 10.3906/elk-1906-194
ISNAD AVAROGLU, ERDINÇ - TUNCER, TANER. "A novel S-box-based postprocessing method for true random number generation". Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences 28/1 (2020), 288-301. https://doi.org/10.3906/elk-1906-194