This work aims to show the influences of concepts such as ‘classicism’, ‘modernism’, ‘dynamism’, ‘lyricism’ and ‘sarcastic tone’ -which are the factors affected the musical language of 20th century Russian composer Sergei Prokofiev, especially the five-part Sarcasmes op.17 which was composed primarily for single piano. The simultaneous use of separate tones in the left and right hand parts, abrupt nuances and pace changes creating a violent and coarse atmosphere followed by a mild mellow (lyric) structure, satirical narration undertaken by the use of staccatos and syncopes, contrasting and irregular timbre endeavored by the use of dissonant chords, as well as a metallic tone are the features the composer employed on Sarcasmes op.17. Sergei Prokofiev is a neoclassicist composer; the rhythmic and melodic ampleness of his works are especially striking. In this work, the structure of the piece is examined and illustrated using extracts from the piece; recommendations have been made for pianists aiming to perform the piece in order to assist such effort. In conclusion, propositions were made in order to clarify the understanding of the performance.