Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio

Yıl: 2020 Cilt: 44 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 290 - 300 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.3906/tar-1910-46 İndeks Tarihi: 05-06-2020

Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio

Öz:
This study was carried out to determine the effect of different growth periods and possible role of gibberellins (GAs) andabscisic acid (ABA) metabolites on the alternate bearing of the pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). For this purpose, the levels of GAs and ABAin the panicles and nuts of the trees during flower bud abscission and embryo development were analyzed in the crop “on” year. Theresults showed significant differences and changes in ABA and GAs among the tissues and periods investigated. Dihydrophaseic acid(DPA) and GA19 were the dominant ABA and GAsin the pistachio concentrates analyzed in this work, respectively. The nut sampleshad higher values for almost all ABA metabolites and GAs than panicles. The ABA content of the panicles and nuts increased rapidlyduring flower development (35 DAFB) prior to flower bud abscission while the initial decrease in the ABA content remained constantat a relatively low level at the end of June (intense flower bud abscission), with the minimum levels being obtained during embryodevelopment stage (65 DAFB). However, on day 65 after full flowering, GA19 and GA44 were found to have increased. The plant growthregulator profiles of the pistachio showed delayed spikes in GA and ABA groups indicating that there is a hormone requirement duringflower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio. As a results, GA and ABA metabolites produced in different organs play animportant role in the control of pistachios during embryo development and flower bud abscission.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Abrams SR, Nelson K, Ambrose SJ (2003). Deuterated abscisic acid analogs for mass spectrometry and metabolism studies. Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals: The Official Journal of the International Isotope Society 46 (3): 273-283.
  • Acar I, Tahtacı SA, Arpacı S, Aydın Y, Karada S (2006). Determination of effects of plant growth regulator applications on alternate bearing in pistachios under suitable growing conditions. Acta Horticulturae 726 (1): 539-544.
  • Ak BE and Acar I (2001). Pistachio production and cultivated varieties grown in Turkey. International Workshop on Pistachio: Towards a Comprehensive Documetation of Distribution and Use of Its Genetic Diversity in the CWANA Region. Report of the IPGRI Workshop, 14-17 December 1998, Irbid, Jordan. pp. 27-34.
  • Addicott FT (1983). Abscisic acid in abscission. In. F.T. Addicott (ed.) Abscisic acid. New York, NY, USA: Praeger Publishers.
  • Al-Shdiefat SM, Qrunfleh MM (2008). Alternate Bearing of the Olive (Olea europaea L.) as Related to Endogenous Hormonal Content. Jordan Journal of Agricultural.
  • Achard P, Genschik P (2009). Releasing the brakes of plant growth: how GAs shutdown DELLA proteins. Journal of Experimental Botany 60: 1085-1092. Sciences 4: 12-25.
  • Askari E, Irani S, Razmjoo K (2011). Bloom, Maturity, and Fruit Set of Pistachio in Response to Early Season Application of Ethephon. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology 52 (1): 29-34.
  • Ayfer M, Okay Y, Erdogan V (1990). The embryo formation and development in pistachio). The First Pistachio Congress of Turkey, Proceedings; Gaziantep, Turkey (in Turkish). pp. 96- 106.
  • Baktir I, Ulger S, Himelrick DG (2004). Relationship of seasonal changes in endogenous plant hormones and alternate bearing of olive trees. HortScience 39: 987-990.
  • Baninasab B, Rahemi, M,Shariatmadari H (2007). Seasonal changes in mineral content of different organs in the alternate bearing of pistachio trees. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 38: 241-258.
  • Cetinkaya H (2004). Relationship between alternate bearing and levels of hormones, carbohydrate and plant nutrients on some pistachio cultivars bearing complete or rational alternately. MSc, University of Cukurova, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Adana, Turkey.
  • Cheng WH, Endo A, Zhou L, Penney J, Chen HC et al. (2002) A unique short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase in Arabidopsis glucose signaling and abscisic acid biosynthesis and functions. Plant Cell 14: 2723-274.
  • Chiwocha SDS, Abrams SR, Ambrose SJ, Cutler AJ, Loewen M et al. (2003). A method for profiling classes of plant hormones and their metabolites using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry: analysis of hormone regulation of thermodormancy of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seeds. The Plant Journal 35 (3): 405-417.
  • Chiwocha SDS, Cutler AJ, Abrams SR, Ambrose SJ, Yang J et al. (2005). The etr1–2 mutation in Arabidopsis thaliana affects the abscisic acid, auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin metabolic pathways during maintenance of seed dormancy, moistchilling and germination. The Plant Journal 42 (1): 35-48.
  • Dokoozlian NK, Peacock WL (2001). Gibberellic acid applied at bloom reduces fruit set and improves size of ‘crimson seedless’ table grapes. HortScience 36: 706-709.
  • Ercisli S, Akbulut M, Ozdemir O, Sengul M, Orhan E (2008). Phenolic and antioxidant diversity among persimmon (Diospyros kakiL.) genotypes in Turkey. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 59 (6): 477-482.
  • Eeuwens CJ, Schwabe WW (1975). Seed and pod wall developments in Pisum sativum L. in relation to extracted and applied hormones. Journal of Experimental Botany 26: 1-14.
  • Esmaeilpour A,Khezri M (2006). Abscission of inflorescence buds as affected by genetic characteristics in some Iranian commercialpistachio cultivars. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 8 (3): 360-362.
  • Ferguson L, Maranto J (1989). Effects of growth regulators on pistachio inflorescence and bud retention. California Pistachio Industry Annual Report Crop Year 1988-1989, pp. 91-92.
  • Frey A, Godin B, Bonnet M, Sotta B, Marion-Poll A (2004). Maternal synthesis of abscisic acid controls seed development and yield in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia. Planta 218: 958-964.
  • GoÂmez-Cadenas A, Mehouachi J, Tadeo FR, Primo-Millo E, Talon M (2000). Hormonal regulation of fruitlet abscission induced by carbohydrate shortage in citrus. Planta 210: 636-643.
  • GoldschmidtEE (1976). Endogenous growth substances of Citrus tissues. HortScience 11: 95-99.
  • Goldschmidt ED (1980). Abscisic acid in citrus flower organs as related to floral development and function. Plant and Cell Physiology 21: 193-195.
  • Golomb A, Goldschmidt E (1987). Mineral nutrient balance and impairment of the nitrate-reducing system inalternate-bearing Wilking mandarin tress. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 112: 397-401.
  • Gomez-Jimenez MC, Parades M, Gallardo MS, Isabel M (2010). Mature fruit abscission is associated with up-regulation of polyamine metabolism in the olive abscission zone. Journal of Plant Physiology 167: 1432-144.
  • Gunes NT, Okay Y, Koksal AI, Koroglu M (2010). The effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on yield, some fruit characteristics, hormone concentrations, and alternate bearing in pistachio. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 34: 33-43.
  • Giacomelli L, Rota-Stabelli O, Masuero D, Acheampong AK, Moretto M et al. (2013). Gibberellin metabolism in Vitis vinifera L. during bloom and fruit-set: functional characterization and evolution of grapevine gibberellin oxidases. Journal of Experimental Botany 64 (14): 4403-4419.
  • Gundesli MA (2017). Determination of Mechanism of Bud Abscission in Pistachio. PhD thesis, University of Çukurova, Adana , Turkey.
  • Gundesli MA, Kafkas NE, Kafkas S, Aslan N (2018). Investigation on seasonal changes of macro element concentrations of cluster and nuts of ‘Uzun’ Pistachio Variety. International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research 4 (6): 1209-1219.
  • Gundesli MA, Kafkas S, Zarifikhosroshahi M (2019). Role of endogenous polyamines in the alternate bearing phenomenon in pistachio. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 43: 265-274.
  • Gunes NT, Okay Y, Koksal AI, Koroglu M (2010). The effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on yield, some fruit characteristics, hormone concentrations, and alternate bearing in pistachio. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 34: 33-43.
  • Guney M (2019). Development of an in vitro micropropagation protocol for Myrobalan 29C rootstock. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 43: 569-575.
  • Hedden P (1990). The action of plant growth retardants at the biochemical level. Plant Growth Substances (edited by Pharis, R.P. and Rood, S.B.). Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag, pp. 322-332.
  • Kafkas S (2006). Phylogeny, evolution and biodiversity in the genus Pistacia (Anacardiaceae). In: Sharma AK (eds). Plant genome: Biodiversity and evolution. Phanerogams (Angiospermdicotyledons), Science Publishing, Eufield, N.H. Vol. 1.
  • Khalifah RA (1965). Gibberellin-like Substances from the Developing Banana Fruit. Plant Physiology 41 (5): 771-773.
  • Kour D, Bakshi P, Wali VK, Sharma N, Sharma A et al. (2018). Alternate bearing in olive - a review. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 7 (9): 2281-2297.
  • Lavee S (1989). Involvement of plant growth regulators and endogenous growth substances in the control of alternate bearing. Acta Horticulturae 239: 311-322.
  • Lin TS, Crane JC, Ryugo K (1984). Effects of gibberellic acid on vegetative and inflorescence buds of pistachio. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 109 (1): 39-42.
  • Liu X, Hou X (2018). Antagonistic Regulation of ABA and GA in Metabolism and Signaling Pathways. Frontiers in plant science 9: 251.
  • Looney NE, Pharis RP, Noma M (1985). Promotion of flowering in apple trees with gibberellin A4 and C-3 epi-gibberelinA4. Planta. 165: 292-294.
  • Lovatt CJ, Ferguson L (1998). Using foliar application of urea combined with 6-benzyladenin to decrease pistachio floral bud abscission in an ‘on’ year to increase yield the next year. California Pistachio Industry Annual Report 1997–1998, pp. 155-158.
  • Lovatt CJ, Ferguson L (2001). Urea combined with 6-benzyladenin to reduce alternate bearing in pistachio and to increase cumulative yield (Fifth Year Report). California Pistachio Industr Annual Report 2000-2001, pp. 151-152.
  • Lovatt CJ, Daoudi H, Ferguson L (2006). Efficacy of foliar-applied cytokinins and nitrogen to increase floral bud retention and to reduce alternate bearing of pistachio. Acta Horticulturae (727): 353-364.
  • Lui WC, Carns HR (1961). Isolation of abscisin and abscission accelerating substance. Science 134: 384-385.
  • Lulsdorf M, Yuan HY, Slater S, Vandenberg A, Han X et al. (2012) Androgenesis-inducing stress treatments change phytohormone levels in anthers of three legume species (Fabaceae). Plant Cell Reports 31: 1255-1267.
  • LulsdorfMM, Yuan HY, Slater SM, Vandenberg A, Han X et al. (2013). Endogenous hormone profiles during early seed development of C. arietinum and C. anatolicum. Plant Growth Regulation 71 (2): 191-198.
  • Mayak S, Halevy AH, Katz M (1972). Correlative changes in phytohormones in relation to senescence processes in rose petals. Physiologia Plantarum 27: 1-4.
  • Mehouachi J, Tadeo FR, Zaragoza S, Primo-Millo E, Talon M (1996). Effects of gibberellic acid and paclobutrazol on growth and carbohydrate accumulation in shoots and roots of citrus rootstock seedlings. Journal of Horticultural Science 71: 747- 754.
  • Mirsoleimani A, Shahsavar AR,Kholdebarin B (2014). Seasonal Changes of Mineral Nutrient Concentrations of Leaves and Stems of Kinnow Mandarin Trees in Relation to Alternate Bearing. International Journal of Fruit Science 14: 117-132.
  • Mirsoleimani A, Shahsavar AR (2018). Changes of free polyamines in the leaves and stems of “Kinnow” mandarin trees affected by alternate bearing. Journal of Plant Process and Function Vol. 6, No. 22.
  • Olszewski N, Sun TP, Gubler F (2002). Gibberellin signaling: Biosynthesis, catabolism, and response pathways. Plant Cell 14: S61-S80.
  • Oguz HI, Akkus G (2012). Effects of GA3 and IBA on germination of pistachio. Indian Journal of Horticulture 69 (3): 420-423.
  • Okay Y, Günes NT, Köksal IA (2011). Free endogenous growth regulators in Pistachio (Pistaciavera L.) African Journal of Agricultural Research 6 (5): 1161-1169.
  • Okuda H (2000). A comparition of IAA and ABA levels in leaves and roots of two citrus cultivars with different degrees of alternate bearing. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 75 (3): 355-359.
  • Okamuro JK, den Boer BGW, lotys-Prass C, Szeto W, Jofuku KD (1996). Flowers into shoots: Photo and hormonal control of a meristem identity switch in Arabidopsis. PNAS 93: 13831- 13836.
  • Patmalatha K, Weksler H, Mugzach A, Acheampong AK, Zheng C et al. (2017). ABA Application during Flowering and Fruit Set Reduces Berry Number and Improves Cluster Uniformity. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 68:3
  • Raz V, Bergervoet JH, Koornneef M (2001). Sequential steps for developmental arrest in Arabidopsis seeds. Development 128: 243-252.
  • Rodrigo MJ, Garcı´a-Martinez JL, Santes CM, Gaskin P, Hedden P (1997). The role of gibberellins A1 and A3 in fruit growth of Pisum sativum L. and the identification of gibberellins A4 and A7 in young seeds. Planta 201 (4):446-455.
  • Rosecrance RC, Weinbaum SA, Brown PH (1998). Alternate bearing affects nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and starch storage pools in mature pistachio trees. Annals of Botany 82 (4): 463- 470.
  • Sagee O Erner Y (1991). Gibberellins and abscisic acid contents during flowering and fruit set of ‘Shamouti’orange. Scientia Horticulturae 48: 29-39.
  • Salisbury FB, Ross CW (1991). Plant physiology. Belmont, California, USA: Wadsworth Publishing Company.
  • Serce S, Ercisli S, Sengul M, Gunduz K, Orhan E (2010). Antioxidant activity and fatty acid composition of wild grown myrtle (Myrtuscommunis L.) fruits. Pharmacognosy Magazine 6 (21): 9-12.
  • Shalom L, Samuels S, Zur N, Shlizerman L, Zemach H et al. (2012). Alternate Bearing in Citrus: Changes in the Expression of Flowering Control Genes and in Global Gene Expression in ON- versus OFF-Crop Trees. PLoS One 7 (10).
  • Shulman Y, Lavee S (1980). Gibberellin-like substances during ripening of olive fruit. Scientia Horticulturae 12:169-175.
  • Spann TM, Beede RH, DeJong TM (2008). Seasonal carbohydrate storage and mobilization in bearing and non-bearing pistachio (Pistaciavera L.) trees. Tree Physiology 28: 207-213.
  • Suman M, Sangma PD, Meghawal DR,Sahu OP (2017). Effect of plant growth regulators on fruit crops. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 6 (2): 331-337.
  • Swain SM, Ross JJ, Reid JB, Kamiya Y (1995) Gibberellins and pea seed development. Planta 195 (3): 426-433.
  • Takeda F, Crane JC (1980). Abscisic acid in pistachio as related to inflorescence bud abscission. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 105 (4): 573-576.
  • Talon M, Tadeo FR, Ben-Cheikh W, GoÂmez-Cadenas A, Mehouachi J et al. (1997). Hormonal regulation of fruit set and abscission in citrus: classical concepts and new evidence. Acta Horticulturae 463: 209-217.
  • Tromp J (2000) lower-bud formation in pome fruits as affected by fruit thinning. Plant Growth Regulation 31: 27-34.
  • Ulger S (1997). Determination of the effects of endogenous plant hormones on alternate-bearing and flower bud formation in olive. PhD thesis.University of Akdeniz, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences.
  • Ulger S, Sahriye S, Mustafa K, Nisa E, Ozgur A et al. (2004). Determination of endogenous hormones, sugars and mineral nutrition levels during the induction, initiation and differentiation stage and their effects on flower formation in Olive. Plant Growth Regulation 42: 89-95.
  • Vanstraelen M,Benková E (2012). Hormonal interactions in the regulation of plant development. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 28: 463-487.
  • Vemmos SN (2010). Alternate bearing and the possible role of carbohydrates in bud abscission of pistachio (Pistaciavera L.). In: Zakynthinos G. (ed.). XIV GREMPA Meeting on Pistachios and Almonds. Zaragoza: CIHEAM / FAO / AUA / TEI Kalamatas / NAGREF, pp. 9-18 (Options Méditerranéennes: Série A. SéminairesMéditerranéens; n. 94).
  • Vernieri P, Tagliasacchi AM, Forino L, Lanfranchi A, Lorenzi R et al. (1992). Abscisic acid level and cell structure in single tissues of shedding affected fruits of Malus domestica Borkh. Journal of Plant Physiology 140: 699-706.
  • Ward DL (1993). Reducing flower bud density of ‘Redkist’ peach with GA3. MS thesis. Southern Illinois. University, Carbondale, IL, USA.
  • Westwood MN (1993). Hormones and growth regulators. In: Westwood MN (ed) Temperate-zone pomology, physiology and culture, 3rd ed. , Portland, Oregon, USA: Timber Press Inc., pp. 364-381.
  • White CN, Proebsting WM, Hedden P, Rivin CJ (2000) Gibberellins and seed development in maize. I. Evidence that gibberellin/ abscisic acid balance governs germination versus maturation pathways. Plant Physiology 122: 1081-1088.
  • Yavuz GG (2011). Sert Kabuklu Meyveler / Antep Fıstığı. TEPGE BAKIŞ, Tarımsal Ekonomi 449 ve Politika Geliştirme Enstitüsü, Aralık 2011 / ISSN: 1303–8346 / Nüsha: 5, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Yoshida T, Obata T, Feil R, Lunn JE, Fujita Y et al. (2019). The Role of Abscisic Acid Signaling in Maintaining the Metabolic Balance Required for Arabidopsis Growth under Nonstress Conditions. The Plant Cell 31: 84-105.
  • ZacarõÂas L, Talon M, Ben-Cheikh W, Lafuente MT, Primo-Millo E (1995). Abscisic acid increases in non-growing and pac– lobutrazol–treated fruits of seedless mandarins. Physiol Plant 95: 613-61.
  • Zaharia LI, Galka MM, Ambrose SJ, Abrams SR (2005). Preparation of deuterated abscisic acid metabolites for use in mass spectrometry and feeding studies. Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals: The Official Journal of the International Isotope Society 48 (6): 435-445.
APA Gundesli D (2020). Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio. , 290 - 300. 10.3906/tar-1910-46
Chicago Gundesli Dr. Muhammet Ali Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio. (2020): 290 - 300. 10.3906/tar-1910-46
MLA Gundesli Dr. Muhammet Ali Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio. , 2020, ss.290 - 300. 10.3906/tar-1910-46
AMA Gundesli D Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio. . 2020; 290 - 300. 10.3906/tar-1910-46
Vancouver Gundesli D Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio. . 2020; 290 - 300. 10.3906/tar-1910-46
IEEE Gundesli D "Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio." , ss.290 - 300, 2020. 10.3906/tar-1910-46
ISNAD Gundesli, Dr. Muhammet Ali. "Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio". (2020), 290-300. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1910-46
APA Gundesli D (2020). Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 44(3), 290 - 300. 10.3906/tar-1910-46
Chicago Gundesli Dr. Muhammet Ali Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 44, no.3 (2020): 290 - 300. 10.3906/tar-1910-46
MLA Gundesli Dr. Muhammet Ali Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, vol.44, no.3, 2020, ss.290 - 300. 10.3906/tar-1910-46
AMA Gundesli D Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 2020; 44(3): 290 - 300. 10.3906/tar-1910-46
Vancouver Gundesli D Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 2020; 44(3): 290 - 300. 10.3906/tar-1910-46
IEEE Gundesli D "Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio." Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 44, ss.290 - 300, 2020. 10.3906/tar-1910-46
ISNAD Gundesli, Dr. Muhammet Ali. "Endogenous gibberellins and abscisic acid-metabolites: their role for during flower bud abscission and embryo development in pistachio". Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 44/3 (2020), 290-300. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-1910-46