Yıl: 2019 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 65 Sayfa Aralığı: 71 - 91 Metin Dili: Türkçe İndeks Tarihi: 11-06-2020

ARAŞTIRMA YOLUYLA ETKİ YARATMAK: ANTROPOLOJİK BİLGİ VE UYGULAMA MESELESİ

Öz:
Bu makale, antropolojik bilgi üretim süreçlerinde uygulama meselesini ele alıyor. Uzunca birsüre devlet ve piyasa perspektifleriyle sınırlı olduğu izlenimi veren uygulamalı antropoloji,sistemik sorunlara çözüm arayan değişim odaklı bir disiplin pratiğine dönüşme potansiyelinesahiptir. Makale, genel olarak bu dönüşümün güncel akademik koşullarına odaklanırken, ilkkısımda, erken dönem uygulamalı antropoloji deneyimleri ve bu deneyimler üzerine yürütüleneleştirel tartışmalara göz atmaktadır. Diğer kısımlarda, kültürel eleştiri, aktivist antropoloji veeylem araştırmaları arasındaki kuramsal ve metodolojik alışveriş ele alınıyor. Tartışmada, ayrıca,topluluk tabanlı, katılımcı yaklaşımlara öncelik veren uygulamalı araştırmacılığın olanakları vesınırlılıkları, bazı önemli metodolojik ve etik soru(n)lar üzerinden, değerlendiriliyor.
Anahtar Kelime:

Making Impact through Research: Anthropological Knowledge and the Issue of Application

Öz:
This article discusses the question of application in the processes of anthropological knowledge production. Applied anthropology, for long seemingly limited to state and market perspectives, has the potential to become a change-oriented disciplinary practice seeking solutions to systemic problems. While generally focusing on the current academic conditions of this possible transformation, in the first part I overview the early experiences with applied anthropology and critical debates on these experiences. In the rest of the article I discuss the theoretical and methodological exchanges between cultural critique, activist and action anthropology, and also examine the possibilities and limitations of participatory action research, paying particular attention to major methodological and ethical issues.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Asad, T. (1973), Anthropology and Colonial Encounter (London: Ithaca Press).
  • Büyüksaraç, G. B. & Glasser, J. (2017), “Inhabiting the Margins: Middle Eastern Minorities Revisited”, Anthropological Quarterly (Volume: 90 Issue: 1) 5-16.
  • Calhoun, C. (2008), “Foreword.” Hale, C. (der.) Engaging Contradictions: Theory, Polititcs, and Methods of Activist Scholarship (Berkeley: University of California Press): xiii-xxvi.
  • Can, B. (2017), “Gündelik Hayat, İktidar İlişkileri ve Etik Kodların Kesişiminde Etnografik Araştırma”, Moment Dergi (Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1) 155-172.
  • Chambers, R. (1983), Rural Development: Putting the Last First (London: Longman).
  • Checkoway, B. (1984), “Two Types of Planning in Neighborhoods”, Journal of Planning, Education, and Research (Volume: 3) 102–109.
  • Clifford, J. (1988), The Predicament of Culture: Twentieth-Century Ethnography, Literature and Art (Cambridge: MA: Harvard University Press).
  • Clifford, J. & Marcus, G. E. (1986), Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography (Berkeley: University of California Press).
  • Dewey, J. (1925), Experience and Nature (Chicago: Open Court).
  • Dobyns, H. F., Doughty, P. L., Laswell, H. D. (Der.) (1971), Peasants, Power and Applied Social Change: Vicos as a Model (Beverly Hills, CA: Sage).
  • Dostal, W. (1972), “Declaration of Barbados”, The Situation of the Indian in South America (Geneva: World Climate Impact Studies Programme): 376-381.
  • Doughty, P. L. (1987), “Against the Odds: Collaboration and Development at Vicos”, Stull, D. & Schensul, J.J. (Der) Collaborative Research and Social Change: Applied Anthropology in Action (Boulder, CO: Westview): 129- 157.
  • Eikeland, O. (2006), “Phrónêsis, Aristotle, and Action Research.” International Journal of Action Research (Volume: 2 Issue: 1) 5–53.
  • Eikeland, O. (2007), The Ways of Aristotle: Aristotelian Phrónêsis, Aristotelian Philosophy, and Action Research (Bern: Peter Lang).
  • Ervin, A. M. (2000), Applied Anthropology: Tools and Perspectives for Contemporary Practice (Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon).
  • Fals-Borda, O. (1980), “Science and the Common People”, Dubel, F. (Der.) Research for the People: Research by the People, Selected Papers from the International Forum on Participatory Research, Ljublijana, Yugoslavia.
  • Firth, R. (1961), “Antropologia aplicada”, Tipos Humanos (Buenos Aires: Editora Universitaria).
  • Flyvbjerg, B. (2001), Making Social Science Matter: Why Social Inquiry Fails and How It Can Succeed Again (London: Cambridge University Press).
  • Foster, G. M. (1969), Applied Anthropology (Boston: Little, Brown and Company).
  • Freire, P. (1972), Pedagogy of the Oppressed (London: Penguin).
  • Giachello, A., Arrom, J., Davis, M., Sayad, J., Ramirez, D., Nandi, C., & Ramos, C. (2003), “Reducing Diabetes Health Disparities Through Community-Based Participatory Action Research: the Chicago Southeast Diabetes Community Action Coalition”, Public Health Reports (Volume: 118 Issue: 4), 309.
  • González, E. R., Lejano, Raul P., Vidales, G., Conner, R. F., Kidokoro, Y., Fazeli, B. & Cabrales, R. (2007), “Participatory Action Research For Environmental Health: Encountering Freire In The Urban Barrio”, Journal of Urban Affairs, (Volume: 29 Issue:1) 77-100.
  • Gough, K. (1968), “New Proposals for Anthropologists”, Current Anthropology (Volume: 9 Issue: 5) 403-407.
  • Gramsci, A. (1971), Selections from the Prison Notebooks. (London: Lawrence and Wishart).
  • Greenwood, D. J. (2008), “Theoretical Research, Applied Research, and Action Research: The Deinstitutionalization of Activist Research”, Hale, C. (Der.) Engaging Contradictions: Theory, Polititcs, and Methods of Activist Scholarship (Berkeley: University of California Press): 319-340.
  • Greenwood, D. J. & Levin, M. (1998), Introduction to Action Research. Social Research for Social Change (London: Sage).
  • Grossman, C. (2001), “Awas Tingni v. Nicaragua: A Landmark Case for the Inter-American System”, Human Rights Brief (Volume: 8 Issue: 3) 1-4.
  • Hale, C. R. (2006), “Activist Research v. Cultural Critique: Indigenous Land Rights and the Contradictions of Politically Engaged Anthropology”, Cultural Anthropology (Volume: 21 Issue: 1) 96–120.
  • Hale, C. R. (1994), “‘Wan Tasbaya Dukiara’: Contested Notions of Land Rights in Miskitu History”, Boyarin, J. (Der.) Remapping Memory: The Politics of TimeSpace (Minneapolis & London: University of Minnesota Press): 67–98.
  • Hale, C. R. (2002), “Does Multiculturalism Menace? Governance, Cultural Rights and the Politics of Identity in Guatemala”, Journal of Latin American Studies (Volume: 34 Issue: 3) 485–524.
  • Hale, C. R. (2004), “Rethinking Indigenous Politics in the Era of the ‘Indio Permitido’”, NACLA Report on the Americas (Volume: 38 Issue: 2) 16–21.
  • Heidegger, M. ([1927]1962), Being and Time (J. Macquarrie & E. Robinson, Trans.) (New York: Harper).
  • Hoben, A. (1982), “Anthropologists and Development”, Annual Review of Anthropology (Volume: 11) 349-374.
  • Holmberg, A. R. (1958), “The Research and Development Approach to Study of Change”, Human Organization (Volume: 17 Issue: 12) 12-16.
  • Husserl, E. ([1900]1970), Logical Investigations: Vol 1 (J. N. Findlay, Trans.) (London: Routledge).
  • Hymes, D. (Der.) (1974), Reinventing Anthropology (New York: Random House).
  • International Network for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, https://www. escr-net.org/caselaw/2006/case-mayagna-sumo-awas-tingni-communityv-nicaragua-eng. (Görüntüleme tarihi: 15.12.2019)
  • Israel, B. A., Eng, E., Schulz, A. J., & Parker, E. A. (2005), “Introduction to methods in community-based participatory research for health”, B. Israel, E. Eng, A. J. Schulz & E.A. Parker (Der.) Methods in Community-Based Participatory Research For Health (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass): 3–26.
  • Korten, D. C. (1983), “Social Development: Putting People First”, In Korten, D. C. & Alfonso, F. B. (Der.) Bureaucracy and The Poor: Closing the Gap (West Hartford, CT: Kumarian Press): 201-21.
  • Kroll-Smith, S., & Floyd, H. H. (2000), “Environmental Illness as A Practical Epistemology and a Source of Professional Confusion”, Kroll-Smith, Brown, S. P. & Gunter, V. J. (Der.) Illness and The Environment: A Reader in Contested Medicine (New York: New York University Press): 72–91.
  • Marcus, G. E. (1998), Ethnography through Thick and Thin (Princeton: Princeton University Press).
  • Marcus, G. E. (1995), “Ethnography in/of the World System: The Emergence of Multisited Ethnography”, Annual Review of Anthropology (Volume: 24) 95-117.
  • Marcus, G. E. & Fischer, M. (1986), Anthropology as Cultural Critique: An Experimental Moment in the Human Sciences (Chicago: Chicago University Press).
  • Merleau-Ponty, M. ([1945](1989), Phenomenology of Perception (C. Smith, Trans.) (London: Routledge).
  • Minkler, M. (2000), “Using Participatory Action Research to Build Healthy Communities”, Public Health Reports (Volume: 115): 191–197.
  • Nabudere, D. W. (2008), “Research, Activism, and Knowledge Production”, Hale, C. (Der.) Engaging Contradictions: Theory, Polititcs, and Methods of Activist Scholarship (Berkeley: University of California Press): 62-87.
  • Price, D. H. (1998), “Gregory Bateson and the OSS: World War II and Bateson’s Assessment of Applied Anthropology”, Human Organization (Volume: 57 Issue.4) 379–84.
  • Rigby, P. (1985), The Persistent Pastoralists: The Nomadic Societies in Transition (London: Zed Press).
  • Rylko-Bauer, B., Singer, M. & van Willigen, J. (2006), “Reclaiming Applied Anthropology: Its Past, Present, and Future”, American Anthropologist (Volume: 108 Issue: 1): 178–90.
  • Schensul, S. L. & Schensul, J. J. (1992), “Collaborative Research: Methods of Inquiry for Social Change”, LeCompte, M. D., Millroy, W.L., Preissle, J. (Der.) Handbook of Qualitative Research in Education (San Diego: Academic Press): 161-200.
  • Spivak, G. (1988), “Can the Subaltern Speak”, Nelson, C. & Grossberg, L. (der.) Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture (Urbana: University of Illinois Press): 271-313.
  • Tax, S. (1958), “Values in Action: The Fox Project”, Human Organization (Volume: 11 Issue: 3) 17–19.
  • Tax, S. (1960), “Action Anthropology”, Gearing, F., Netting, R. McC., Peattie, L. R. (Der.) Documentary History of the Fox Project, 1948-1959 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press):167-171.
  • Tesh, N. S. (2000), Uncertain Hazards: Environmental Activists and Scientific Proof (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press).
  • Toulmin, S. & Gustavsen, B. (Der.) (1996), Beyond Theory (Philadelphia: John Benjamins).
  • van Willigen, J. (2002), Applied Anthropology: An Introduction. (Westport, CT: Bergin and Garvey).
  • Wax, M. L. (1978), “Review of The Best Laid Schemes. S. J. Deitchmann, 1976, Cambrige, MIT Press”, Human Organization (Volume: 37 Issue: 4) 400-408.
  • Weidman, H. H. (1976), “In Praise of the Double-Bind Inherent in Anthropological Application”, Angrosino, M. V. (der.) Do Applied Anthropologists Apply Anthropology (Athens: University of Georgia Press): 105-117.
  • Wenner Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research (1973), “The Declaration of Barbados: For the Liberation of the Indians”, Current Anthropology (Volume: 14 Issue.3) 267-270.
  • Wilcox, R., & Knapp, A. (2000), “Building Communities that Create Health”, Public Health Reports (Volume: 115): 139-143.
  • Wright, R. M. (1988), “Anthropological Presuppositions of Indigenous Advocacy”, Annual Review of Anthropology (Volume: 17) 365-90.
APA BÜYÜKSARAÇ G (2019). ARAŞTIRMA YOLUYLA ETKİ YARATMAK: ANTROPOLOJİK BİLGİ VE UYGULAMA MESELESİ. , 71 - 91.
Chicago BÜYÜKSARAÇ GÜLDEM BAYKAL ARAŞTIRMA YOLUYLA ETKİ YARATMAK: ANTROPOLOJİK BİLGİ VE UYGULAMA MESELESİ. (2019): 71 - 91.
MLA BÜYÜKSARAÇ GÜLDEM BAYKAL ARAŞTIRMA YOLUYLA ETKİ YARATMAK: ANTROPOLOJİK BİLGİ VE UYGULAMA MESELESİ. , 2019, ss.71 - 91.
AMA BÜYÜKSARAÇ G ARAŞTIRMA YOLUYLA ETKİ YARATMAK: ANTROPOLOJİK BİLGİ VE UYGULAMA MESELESİ. . 2019; 71 - 91.
Vancouver BÜYÜKSARAÇ G ARAŞTIRMA YOLUYLA ETKİ YARATMAK: ANTROPOLOJİK BİLGİ VE UYGULAMA MESELESİ. . 2019; 71 - 91.
IEEE BÜYÜKSARAÇ G "ARAŞTIRMA YOLUYLA ETKİ YARATMAK: ANTROPOLOJİK BİLGİ VE UYGULAMA MESELESİ." , ss.71 - 91, 2019.
ISNAD BÜYÜKSARAÇ, GÜLDEM BAYKAL. "ARAŞTIRMA YOLUYLA ETKİ YARATMAK: ANTROPOLOJİK BİLGİ VE UYGULAMA MESELESİ". (2019), 71-91.
APA BÜYÜKSARAÇ G (2019). ARAŞTIRMA YOLUYLA ETKİ YARATMAK: ANTROPOLOJİK BİLGİ VE UYGULAMA MESELESİ. Eğitim Bilim Toplum, 17(65), 71 - 91.
Chicago BÜYÜKSARAÇ GÜLDEM BAYKAL ARAŞTIRMA YOLUYLA ETKİ YARATMAK: ANTROPOLOJİK BİLGİ VE UYGULAMA MESELESİ. Eğitim Bilim Toplum 17, no.65 (2019): 71 - 91.
MLA BÜYÜKSARAÇ GÜLDEM BAYKAL ARAŞTIRMA YOLUYLA ETKİ YARATMAK: ANTROPOLOJİK BİLGİ VE UYGULAMA MESELESİ. Eğitim Bilim Toplum, vol.17, no.65, 2019, ss.71 - 91.
AMA BÜYÜKSARAÇ G ARAŞTIRMA YOLUYLA ETKİ YARATMAK: ANTROPOLOJİK BİLGİ VE UYGULAMA MESELESİ. Eğitim Bilim Toplum. 2019; 17(65): 71 - 91.
Vancouver BÜYÜKSARAÇ G ARAŞTIRMA YOLUYLA ETKİ YARATMAK: ANTROPOLOJİK BİLGİ VE UYGULAMA MESELESİ. Eğitim Bilim Toplum. 2019; 17(65): 71 - 91.
IEEE BÜYÜKSARAÇ G "ARAŞTIRMA YOLUYLA ETKİ YARATMAK: ANTROPOLOJİK BİLGİ VE UYGULAMA MESELESİ." Eğitim Bilim Toplum, 17, ss.71 - 91, 2019.
ISNAD BÜYÜKSARAÇ, GÜLDEM BAYKAL. "ARAŞTIRMA YOLUYLA ETKİ YARATMAK: ANTROPOLOJİK BİLGİ VE UYGULAMA MESELESİ". Eğitim Bilim Toplum 17/65 (2019), 71-91.