Yıl: 2018 Cilt: 75 Sayı: 2 Sayfa Aralığı: 195 - 212 Metin Dili: Türkçe DOI: 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2018.36539 İndeks Tarihi: 20-07-2020

Kuaför salonlarındaki kimyasallara mesleki maruziyet ve sağlık riski

Öz:
Kozmetik ürünlerinin yapımında, 5.000’in üstündekimyasal kullanımı söz konusudur. Kuaförlük mesleğiçalışanları, başlıca saç ürünleri ve yanı sıra tırnak ve ciltbakımında kullanılan çok sayıda kozmetik ürüne meslekiolarak maruz kalmaktadır. Bu ürünlerin mesleki olarakkullanımı esnasında başlıca deri ve solunum yolu ileçok sayıda tahriş edici (irritan), alerjik ve karsinojenikpotansiyeli olan kimyasallara (örn; amino nitro fenoller,hidrojen peroksit, para-fenilendiamin, orto ve metatoluidin, N-nitrozodietanolamin, etanol, aseton, toluen,ksilen, amonyak, terpenler, metilizotiyazolinon,rezorsinol, hidrokinon, metilmetakrilat, tiyoglikolik asitve formaldehit gibi) maruziyet söz konusu olup, bu meslekimaruziyetlerin kişisel maruziyetlere göre çok daha fazlave uzun süreli olduğu bilinmektedir. Uluslararası KanserAraştırma Kurumu (IARC)’nun yaptığı değerlendirmede,kuaförlük ya da berberlik mesleği, mesane kanseririsk verileri esas alındığında Grup 2A’ da (insandamuhtemelen karsinojenik) yer almaktadır. Son yıllardayapılan çalışmalarda, bazı saç boyası ve saç şekillendiriciürünlerde insan karsinojeni (Grup 1) olarak sınıflandırılanorto-toluidin kimyasalının tespit edilmesi ve yanı sıra saçdüzleştirme çözeltileri içerisinde bulunan formaldehit’in(Grup 1) çalışma ortamında izin verilen limitlerin çoküstünde bulunduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Bunun yanı sıradiğer bazı kozmetik ürün içeriklerinin oksidatif stres veDNA hasar göstergelerinde, düzensizliklere neden olduğudeneysel sistemlerde gösterilmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu tipkozmetik ürünleri profesyonel olarak kullanan bireylerinsağlık risklerinin değerlendirilmesi daha önemli halegelmektedir. Ülkemizde yaklaşık 160.000 bireyin kuaförlükmesleğinde olduğu ve bu bireylerin mesleki olarak yüzlercekimyasal etkene potansiyel maruziyetlerinin söz konusuolduğu düşünülmektedir. Ancak ülkemizde bu meslekgrubunun çeşitli kimyasallara maruziyetlerinin ve bunabağlı lokal ve sistemik toksik etkilerin değerlendirildiği,geniş kapsamlı çalışmalar bulunmamaktadır. Gerekaraştırıcıların ve gerekse meslek mensuplarının bukonudaki farkındalıklarının artması gerekmektedir. Buderlemede, kuaförlük mesleğinde çalışanların potansiyelolarak maruz kaldığı kimyasallar tanıtılarak, özellikleinsan karsinojeni olarak sınıflandırılmış kimyasalların(orto-toluidin ve formaldehit) lokal ve sistemik toksiketkileri, ulusal ve uluslararası yasal düzenlemelerdekidurumu ve mesleki maruziyet ile ilişkili sağlık risklerinedikkat çekilmiş ve diğer bazı kozmetik ürün içeriklerinintoksik etkileri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelime:

Occupational exposure to the chemicals in hairdressing salons and health risk

Öz:
More than 5000 chemicals are used in cosmetic products. Hairdressers have been occupationally exposed to a great number of products involving mainly hair as well as nail and skin care products. Professionals using these products have been exposed to a number of chemicals (e.g. aminonitrophenols, hydrogen peroxide, para-phenylenediamine, orthoand meta toluidine, N-nitrosodiethanolamine, ethanol, acetone, toluene, xylene, ammonia, terpenes, methylisothiazolinone, resorcinol, hydroquinone, methyl metacrylate, thioglycolic acid and formaldehyde, etc.) which are irritant, allergic and potential carcinogenic through primarily dermal and inhalation routes and these occupational exposures have known to be much higher and long term than individual ones. Occupational exposures as a hairdresser or barber are probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A) to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) evaluation based on bladder cancer risk data. Recent studies have indicated that ortho-toluidine classified as a human carcinogen (Group 1) has been found in some of hair dyes and hair conditioner products, furthermore, formaldehyde (Group 1) used in hair straightener products leads to the unacceptable high levels in working air. It has been experimentally shown that other cosmetic ingredients may cause an oxidative stress and irregularities in DNA damage parameters. Therefore, it has been more meaningful to evaluate the health risks of professionals using above mentioned cosmetic products. It has been suggested that there have been about 160.000 hair dressers in our country and that they have potential exposures to more than hundreds of chemicals. Nonetheless, there have been no detailed study on occupational exposure to specific chemicals, and their local and systemic toxic effects in hair dressers in our country. Thus, it is necessary to increase the awareness of both researchers and professionals on this issue. In this review, chemical exposures among hairdressers and local and systemic toxic effects of those chemicals especially classified as human carcinogens (ortho-toluidine and formaldehyde) have been introduced, their status in the national and international regulations and occupational health risks are highlighted and toxic effects of other cosmetic ingredients have also been discussed.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Derleme Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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APA AKTAŞ ŞÜKÜROĞLU A, Burgaz S (2018). Kuaför salonlarındaki kimyasallara mesleki maruziyet ve sağlık riski. , 195 - 212. 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2018.36539
Chicago AKTAŞ ŞÜKÜROĞLU Ayça,Burgaz Sema Kuaför salonlarındaki kimyasallara mesleki maruziyet ve sağlık riski. (2018): 195 - 212. 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2018.36539
MLA AKTAŞ ŞÜKÜROĞLU Ayça,Burgaz Sema Kuaför salonlarındaki kimyasallara mesleki maruziyet ve sağlık riski. , 2018, ss.195 - 212. 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2018.36539
AMA AKTAŞ ŞÜKÜROĞLU A,Burgaz S Kuaför salonlarındaki kimyasallara mesleki maruziyet ve sağlık riski. . 2018; 195 - 212. 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2018.36539
Vancouver AKTAŞ ŞÜKÜROĞLU A,Burgaz S Kuaför salonlarındaki kimyasallara mesleki maruziyet ve sağlık riski. . 2018; 195 - 212. 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2018.36539
IEEE AKTAŞ ŞÜKÜROĞLU A,Burgaz S "Kuaför salonlarındaki kimyasallara mesleki maruziyet ve sağlık riski." , ss.195 - 212, 2018. 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2018.36539
ISNAD AKTAŞ ŞÜKÜROĞLU, Ayça - Burgaz, Sema. "Kuaför salonlarındaki kimyasallara mesleki maruziyet ve sağlık riski". (2018), 195-212. https://doi.org/10.5505/TurkHijyen.2018.36539
APA AKTAŞ ŞÜKÜROĞLU A, Burgaz S (2018). Kuaför salonlarındaki kimyasallara mesleki maruziyet ve sağlık riski. Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, 75(2), 195 - 212. 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2018.36539
Chicago AKTAŞ ŞÜKÜROĞLU Ayça,Burgaz Sema Kuaför salonlarındaki kimyasallara mesleki maruziyet ve sağlık riski. Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi 75, no.2 (2018): 195 - 212. 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2018.36539
MLA AKTAŞ ŞÜKÜROĞLU Ayça,Burgaz Sema Kuaför salonlarındaki kimyasallara mesleki maruziyet ve sağlık riski. Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, vol.75, no.2, 2018, ss.195 - 212. 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2018.36539
AMA AKTAŞ ŞÜKÜROĞLU A,Burgaz S Kuaför salonlarındaki kimyasallara mesleki maruziyet ve sağlık riski. Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi. 2018; 75(2): 195 - 212. 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2018.36539
Vancouver AKTAŞ ŞÜKÜROĞLU A,Burgaz S Kuaför salonlarındaki kimyasallara mesleki maruziyet ve sağlık riski. Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi. 2018; 75(2): 195 - 212. 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2018.36539
IEEE AKTAŞ ŞÜKÜROĞLU A,Burgaz S "Kuaför salonlarındaki kimyasallara mesleki maruziyet ve sağlık riski." Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, 75, ss.195 - 212, 2018. 10.5505/TurkHijyen.2018.36539
ISNAD AKTAŞ ŞÜKÜROĞLU, Ayça - Burgaz, Sema. "Kuaför salonlarındaki kimyasallara mesleki maruziyet ve sağlık riski". Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi 75/2 (2018), 195-212. https://doi.org/10.5505/TurkHijyen.2018.36539