Yıl: 2020 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 15 - 21 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.5578/khj.69044 İndeks Tarihi: 18-10-2020

Tissue Doppler, Strain, and Strain Rate Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Functions in Patients with Asymptomatic Ankylosing Spondylitis

Öz:
Introduction: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease with extraarticular involve-ment. Approximately 2%-10% of AS patients have cardiac involvement. These patients have an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality compared to normal individuals. This study aimed to evaluate subclinical cardiac involvement in AS patients using the current strain (S) and strain rate (SR) echocardiography (echo) techniques.Patients and Methods: Our study was conducted between January 2017 and February 2018 involving 29 asymptomatic patients with AS and 26 healthy controls. Systolic and diastolic functions, tissue Doppler meas-urements, and left ventricular S and SR values were obtained by 2D echo and compared between groups.Results: Demographic variability was similar between AS and control groups. Echo results showed statisti-cally higher right ventricular end-diastolic and left atrial diameter in the AS group. Mean basal anterolateral, midanterolateral, basal inferoseptum, basal anterior, and left ventricular S values were significantly lower in the AS group. Mean anterolateral, basal inferoseptum, basal inferior, and mean left ventricular SR values were significantly lower in the AS group.Conclusion: We found that left ventricular functions were impaired at the subclinical level by strain imaging technique in AS patients. We believe that the investigation of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in AS by more sensitive and novel methods such as strain imaging technique will be useful in determining myocardial functions of patients.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • 1. Van der Linden S, Van der Heijde D, Braun J. Kelley’s Textbook of Rheu-matology. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2006.
  • 2. Dougados M, Van Der Linden S, Juhlin R, Huitfeldt B, Amor B, Calin AC, et al. The European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group: preliminary criteria for the classification of spondyloarthropathy. Arthritis Rheum 1991;34:1218.
  • 3. Moyssakis I, Gialafos E, Vassiliou VA, Boki K, Votteas V, Sfikakis PP, et al. Myocardial performance and aortic elasticity are impaired in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Scand J Rheumatol 2009;38(3):216-21.
  • 4. O’Neill T, Breshnihan B. The heart in ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 1992;51:705-6.
  • 5. Brewerton D, Gibson D, Goddard D, Jones T, Moore R, Pease C, et al. The myocardium in ankylosing spondylitis. A clinical, echocardiographic, and histopathological study. Lancet 1987;1:995-8.
  • 6. Takkunen J, Vuopala U, Isomaki H. Cardiomyopathy in ankylosing spon-dylitis. Medical history and results of clinical examination in a series of 55 patients. Ann Clin Res 1970;2:106-12.
  • 7. Ribeiro P, Morley K, Shapiro L, Garnett R, Hughes G, Goodwin J. Left ventricular function in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and Reiter’s disease. Eur Heart J 1984;5:419-22.
  • 8. Marvick T. Measurement of strain and strain rate by echocardiography: ready for prime time? J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;47:1313-27.
  • 9. Sahn D, DeMaria A, Kisslo J, Weyman A. The committee on M-Mode standartization of the American Society of Echocardiography. Rec-ommendations regarding quantitation in M-mode echocardiography. Results of a survey of echocardiographic measurements. Circulation 1978;58:1072-83.
  • 10. Pery G, Helmcke F, Nanda N, Byard C, Soto B. Evaluation of aortic insuf-fiency by Doppler flow mapping. J Am Coll Cardiol 1987;9:952-9.
  • 11. Miyateke K, Izumi S, Okamato M, Kinoshita N, Asonuma H, Nakagawa H, et al. Semiquantitative grading of severity of mitral regurgitation by real time two-dimensional Doppler flow imaging technique. J Am Coll Cardiol 1986;7:82-8.
  • 12. Gilman G, Khandheria B, Hagen M, Abraham T, Seward J, Belohlavek M. Strain rate and strain: a step-by-step approach to image and data acquisi-tion. J Am Soc Echocariogr 2004;17:1011-21.
  • 13. Alpaydın M. Tip 2 diabetes mellituslu hastalarda sol ventrikül fonksiyonlarının strain rate ekokardiyografi ile araştırılması. (Tez). Erzu-rum, 2008.
  • 14. Lehtinen K. Mortality and causes of death in 398 patients admitted to hos-pital with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis 1993;52:174-6.
  • 15. Kaprove R, Little A, Graham D, Rosen P. Ankylosing spondylitis: surviv-al in men with and without radiotherapy. Arthritis Rheum 1980;23:57-61.
  • 16. Sherer Y, Shoenfeld Y. Mechanisms of disease: atherosclerosis in autoim-mune diseases. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol 2006;2:99-106.
  • 17. Bergfeldt L, Edhag O, Vallin H. Cardiac conduction disturbances, an un-deresti mated manifestation in ankylosing spondylitis. A 25-year follow-up study of 68 patients. Acta Med Scand 1982;212:217-23.
  • 18. Lui N, Thumboo J, Inman R. Cardiomyopathy in ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2011;63:564-9.
  • 19. Crowley J, Donnely S, Tobin M, FitzGerald O, Bresnihan B, Maurer B, et al. Doppler echocardiographic evidence of left ventricular diastolic dys-function in ankylosing spondylitis. Am J Cardiol 1993;71:1337-40.
  • 20. Sun J, Khan M, Farhat A, Bahler R. Alterations in cardiac diastolic func-tion in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Int J Cardiol 1992;37:65-72.
  • 21. Öcek A. Ankilozan spondilitte kardiyak tutulum: Transmitral Doppler ve doku Doppler görüntüleme yöntemlerinin de kullanıldığı, kontrollü, klinik bir çalışma, Ankara, 2000.
  • 22. Haibel H, Rudwaleit M, Braun J, Sieper J. Therapy of active ankylosing spondylitis with leflunomide. Ann Rheum Dis 2002;6(Supp 1):301-3.
  • 23. Palazzi C, Salvarani C, D’Angelo S, Olivierri I. Aortitis and periaortitis in ankylosing spondylitis. Joint Bone Spine 2011;78:451-5.
  • 24. Bergfeldt L, Insulander P, Lindblom D, Möller E, Edhaq O. HLA-B27: an important genetic risk factor for lone aortic regurgitation and severe conduction system abnormalities. Am J Med 1988;85:12-8.
  • 25. Qaiyumi S, Hassan Z, Toone E. Seronegative spondyloarthropathies in lone aortic insufficiency. Arch Intern Med 1985;145:822-4.
  • 26. Roldan C, Chavez J, Wiest P, Qualls C, Crawford M. Aortic root disease and valve disease associated with ankylosing spondylitis. J Am Coll Car-diol 1998;32:1397-404.
  • 27. Brewerton D, Gibson D, Goddard D, Jones T, Moore R, Pease C, et al. The myocardium in ankylosing spondylitis. A clinical, echocardiographic, and histopathological study. Lancet 1987;1:995-8.
  • 28. Çalışkan M, Erdoğan D, Güllü H, Yılmaz S, Gürsoy Y, Yıldırır A, et al. Impaired coronary microvascular and left ventricular diastolic functions in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Atherosclerosis 2008;196:306-12.
  • 29. Okan T, Sarı I, Akar S, Cece H, Göldeli O, Güneri S, et al. Ventricular diastolic function of ankylosing spondylitis patients using conventional pulsed wave Doppler, myocardial performance index and tissue Doppler imaging. Echocardiography 2008;25:47-56.
  • 30. Langeland S, Wouters PF, Claus P, Leather HA, Bijnens B, Sutherland GR, et al. Experimental assessment of a new research tool for the esti-mation of two-dimensional myocardial strain. Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology 2006;32:1509-13.
  • 31. Koyama J, Ray-Sequin P, Falk R. Longitudinal myocardial function as-sessed by tissue velocity, strain and strain rate tissue Doppler echocardi-ography in patients with AL (primary) cardiac amyloidosis. Circulation 2003;107:2446-52.
APA Tahta M, yalım z, Avsar A (2020). Tissue Doppler, Strain, and Strain Rate Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Functions in Patients with Asymptomatic Ankylosing Spondylitis. , 15 - 21. 10.5578/khj.69044
Chicago Tahta Muhammet,yalım zafer,Avsar Alaettin Tissue Doppler, Strain, and Strain Rate Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Functions in Patients with Asymptomatic Ankylosing Spondylitis. (2020): 15 - 21. 10.5578/khj.69044
MLA Tahta Muhammet,yalım zafer,Avsar Alaettin Tissue Doppler, Strain, and Strain Rate Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Functions in Patients with Asymptomatic Ankylosing Spondylitis. , 2020, ss.15 - 21. 10.5578/khj.69044
AMA Tahta M,yalım z,Avsar A Tissue Doppler, Strain, and Strain Rate Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Functions in Patients with Asymptomatic Ankylosing Spondylitis. . 2020; 15 - 21. 10.5578/khj.69044
Vancouver Tahta M,yalım z,Avsar A Tissue Doppler, Strain, and Strain Rate Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Functions in Patients with Asymptomatic Ankylosing Spondylitis. . 2020; 15 - 21. 10.5578/khj.69044
IEEE Tahta M,yalım z,Avsar A "Tissue Doppler, Strain, and Strain Rate Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Functions in Patients with Asymptomatic Ankylosing Spondylitis." , ss.15 - 21, 2020. 10.5578/khj.69044
ISNAD Tahta, Muhammet vd. "Tissue Doppler, Strain, and Strain Rate Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Functions in Patients with Asymptomatic Ankylosing Spondylitis". (2020), 15-21. https://doi.org/10.5578/khj.69044
APA Tahta M, yalım z, Avsar A (2020). Tissue Doppler, Strain, and Strain Rate Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Functions in Patients with Asymptomatic Ankylosing Spondylitis. Koşuyolu Heart Journal, 23(1), 15 - 21. 10.5578/khj.69044
Chicago Tahta Muhammet,yalım zafer,Avsar Alaettin Tissue Doppler, Strain, and Strain Rate Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Functions in Patients with Asymptomatic Ankylosing Spondylitis. Koşuyolu Heart Journal 23, no.1 (2020): 15 - 21. 10.5578/khj.69044
MLA Tahta Muhammet,yalım zafer,Avsar Alaettin Tissue Doppler, Strain, and Strain Rate Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Functions in Patients with Asymptomatic Ankylosing Spondylitis. Koşuyolu Heart Journal, vol.23, no.1, 2020, ss.15 - 21. 10.5578/khj.69044
AMA Tahta M,yalım z,Avsar A Tissue Doppler, Strain, and Strain Rate Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Functions in Patients with Asymptomatic Ankylosing Spondylitis. Koşuyolu Heart Journal. 2020; 23(1): 15 - 21. 10.5578/khj.69044
Vancouver Tahta M,yalım z,Avsar A Tissue Doppler, Strain, and Strain Rate Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Functions in Patients with Asymptomatic Ankylosing Spondylitis. Koşuyolu Heart Journal. 2020; 23(1): 15 - 21. 10.5578/khj.69044
IEEE Tahta M,yalım z,Avsar A "Tissue Doppler, Strain, and Strain Rate Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Functions in Patients with Asymptomatic Ankylosing Spondylitis." Koşuyolu Heart Journal, 23, ss.15 - 21, 2020. 10.5578/khj.69044
ISNAD Tahta, Muhammet vd. "Tissue Doppler, Strain, and Strain Rate Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Functions in Patients with Asymptomatic Ankylosing Spondylitis". Koşuyolu Heart Journal 23/1 (2020), 15-21. https://doi.org/10.5578/khj.69044