Yıl: 2020 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 146 - 152 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20035 İndeks Tarihi: 19-10-2020

Modeling Emotion Regulation and Subjective Happiness: Smartphone Addiction as a Mediator

Öz:
This study aimed to investigate the mediational role of smartphone addiction in the relationship betweenemotion regulation and subjective happiness. Participants were 320 university student volunteers (167 womenand 153 men) from two state universities in Turkey. They completed a self-report questionnaire about emotion regulation, smartphone addiction, and subjective happiness. Structural equation modeling (SEM) andbootstrapping were applied to test the mediational role of smartphone addiction in the relationship betweenemotion regulation and subjective happiness. The results indicated that reappraisal predicted lower smartphone addiction scores and higher subjective happiness scores. On the contrary, suppression predicted highersmartphone addiction scores and lower subjective happiness scores. In addition, smartphone addiction provedto be a partial mediator between emotion regulation strategies and subjective happiness. Therefore, the resultsof this study support the evidence for the impact of emotion regulation on subjective happiness through smartphone addiction.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Akaike, H. (1987). Factor analysis and AIC. In Selected papers of Hirotugu Akaike (pp. 371-386). Springer, New York, NY. [Crossref]
  • Akin, A., & Satici, S. A. (2011). Subjective Happiness Scale: A study of validity and reliability. Sakarya University Journal of Education Faculty, 21, 65-77.
  • Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit In: Bollen KA, Long JS, editors. Testing structural equation models. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 111-135.
  • Ecirli, H., & Ogelman, H. G. (2015). Validity-reliability study of the scale of emotion regulation strategies for children aged five-six. International Peer-Reviewed Journal of Humanities and Academic Science, 4(13), 85-100. [Crossref]
  • Eldeleklioğlu, J., & Eroğlu, Y. (2015). A Turkish adaptation of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Journal of Human Sciences, 12(1), 1157-1168. [Crossref]
  • Elhai, J. D., Dvorak, R. D., Levine, J. C., & Hall, B. J. (2017). Problematic smartphone use: A conceptual overview and systematic review of relations with anxiety and depression psychopathology. Journal of Affective Disorders, 207, 251-259. [Crossref]
  • Elhai, J. D., Levine, J. C., Dvorak, R. D., & Hall, B. J. (2016). Fear of missing out, need for touch, anxiety and depression are related to problematic smartphone use. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 509-516. [Crossref]
  • Elhai, J. D., Tiamiyu, M. F., Weeks, J. W., Levine, J. C., Picard, K. J., & Hall, B. J. (2018). Depression and emotion regulation predict objective smartphone use measured over one week. Personality and Individual Differences, 133, 21-28. [Crossref]
  • Extremera, N., & Fernández-Berrocal, P. (2014). The Subjective Happiness Scale: Translation and preliminary psychometric evaluation of a Spanish version. Social Indicators Research, 119(1), 473-481. [Crossref]
  • Field, A. (2016). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. Sage.
  • Gross, J. J. (1998). The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review. Review of General Psychology, 2(3), 271-299. [Crossref]
  • Gross, J. J. (2002). Emotion regulation: Affective, cognitive, and social consequences. Psychophysiology, 39, 281-291. [Crossref]
  • Gross, J. J. (2008). Emotion regulation. In M. Lewis, J. M. Haviland-Jones & L. F. Barrett (Eds.), Handbook of emotions. (3rd ed.), (pp. 497– 512). New York: Guilford.
  • Gross, J. J. (Ed.). (2007). Handbook of emotion regulation. New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-Being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348- 362. [Crossref]
  • Guo, N., Luk, T. T., Ho, S. Y., Lee, J. J., Shen, C., Oliffe, J., ... & Wang, M. P. (2020). Problematic smartphone use and mental health in Chinese adults: a population-based study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(3), 844. doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph17030844 [Crossref]
  • Helliwell, J. F., Layard, R., Sachs, J.D., & De Neve, J.E. (Eds). (2020). World Happiness Report 2020. Retrieved from https://worldhappiness.report/ed/2020/
  • Horwood, S., & Anglim, J. (2018). Personality and problematic smartphone use: A facet-level analysis using the Five Factor Model and
  • HEXACO frameworks. Computers in Human Behavior, 85, 349- 359. [Crossref]
  • Horwood, S., & Anglim, J. (2019). Problematic smartphone usage and subjective and psychological well-being. Computers in Human Behavior, 97, 44-50. [Crossref]
  • Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55. [Crossref]
  • John O. P., & Gross, J. J. (2004). Healthy and unhealthy emotion regulation: personality processes, individual differences, and life span development. Journal of Personality, 72(6), 1301-1334. [Crossref]
  • Kim Y, Jeong J-E, Cho H, Jung D-J, Kwak M, Rho MJ, et al. (2016) Personality factors predicting smartphone addiction predisposition: Behavioral inhibition and activation systems, impulsivity, and self-control. PLoS One 11(8): e0159788. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0159788 [Crossref]
  • Kline, R. B. (2015). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (4th Ed.). New York: Guilford Publications.
  • Kwon, M., Lee, J. Y., Won, W. Y., Park, J. W., Min, J. A., Hahn, C., ... & Kim, D. J. (2013). Development and validation of a smartphone addiction scale (SAS). PloS One, 8(2), e56936. [Crossref]
  • Liu, Q., Yang, Y., Lin, Y., Yu, S., & Zhou, Z. (2017). Smartphone addiction: Concepts, measurements, and factors. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 25(1), 82-87.
  • Longobardi, C., Settanni, M., Fabris, M. A., & Marengo, D. (2020). Follow or be followed: Exploring the links between Instagram popularity, social media addiction, cyber victimization, and subjective happiness in Italian adolescents. Children and Youth Services Review, 104955. [Crossref]
  • Lyubomirsky, S. (2001). Why are some people happier than others? The role of cognitive and motivational process in well-being. American Psychologist, 56(3), 239-249. [Crossref]
  • Lyubomirsky, S., & Lepper, H. S. (1999). A measure of subjective happiness: Preliminary reliability and construct validation. Social Indicators Research, 46(2), 137-155. [Crossref]
  • Lyubomirsky, S., & Tucker, K. L. (1998). Implications of individual differences in subjective happiness for perceiving, interpreting, and thinking about life events. Motivation and emotion, 22(2), 155-186. [Crossref]
  • Lyubomirsky, S., Sheldon, K. M., & Schkade, D. (2005). Pursuing happiness: The architecture of sustainable change. Review of General Psychology, 9, 111-131. [Crossref]
  • MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., & Sugawara, H. M. (1996). Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychological Methods, 1(2), 130-149. [Crossref]
  • Mat Roni, S. (2014). Introduction to SPSS. Edith Cowan University, SOAR Centre, Australia.
  • McRae, K., Hughes, B., Chopra, S., Gabrieli, J. D., Gross, J. J., & Ochsner, K. N. (2010). The neural bases of distraction and reappraisal. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 22(2), 248-262. [Crossref]
  • Moghnie, L., & Kazarian, S. S. (2012). Subjective happiness of Lebanese college youth in Lebanon: Factorial structure and invariance of the Arabic Subjective Happiness Scale. Social Indicators Research, 109(2), 203-210. [Crossref]
  • Nie, P., Ma, W., & Sousa-Poza, A. (2020). The relationship between smartphone use and subjective well-being in rural China. Electronic Commerce Research, Advanced Publication Online. doi:10.1007/s10660- 020-09397-1. [Crossref]
  • Noyan, C. O., Enez-Darçın, A., Nurmedov, S., Yılmaz, O., & Dilbaz, N. (2015). Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version among university students. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 16, 73-81. [Crossref] Nunnally, J., & Bernstein, I. (1994). Psychometric theory. McGraw Hill, New York
  • Nyklicek, I., Vingerhoets, A., & Zeelenberg, M. (2011). Emotion regulation and well-being: a view from different angles. In Emotion regulation and well-being (pp. 1-9). Springer, New York, NY. [Crossref]
  • Özteke-Kozan, H. İ., Kavaklı, M., Ak, M., & Kesici, Ş. (2019). The associations among smartphone addiction, general belongingness and happiness: A structural equation modelling. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 22(4), 436-444. [Crossref]
  • Parrott, W. G. (1993). Beyond hedonism: Motives for inhibiting good moods and for maintaining bad moods. D. M. Wegner & J. W. Pennebaker (Eds.), In Handbook of mental control (pp. 278-305). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879-891. [Crossref]
  • Ranney, R. M., Bruehlman-Senecal, E., & Ayduk, O. (2017). Comparing the effects of three online cognitive reappraisal trainings on well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 18(5), 1319-1338. [Crossref]
  • Rotondi, V., Stanca, L., & Tomasuolo, M. (2017). Connecting alone: Smartphone use, quality of social interactions and well-being. Journal of Economic Psychology, 63, 17-26. [Crossref]
  • Rozgonjuk, D., & Elhai, J. D. (2019). Emotion regulation in relation to smartphone use: Process smartphone use mediates the association between expressive suppression and problematic smartphone use. Current Psychology, Advanced Publication Online. doi:10.1007/ s12144-019-00271-4 [Crossref]
  • Sato, W., Kochiyama, T., Uono, S., Kubota, Y., Sawada, R., Yoshimura, S., & Toichi, M. (2015). The structural neural substrate of subjective happiness. Scientific Reports, 5, 16891. [Crossref]
  • Southam-Gerow, M. A. (2013). Emotion regulation in children and adolescents: A practitioner’s guide. Guilford Press.
  • Statista (2019). Number of smartphone users worldwide from 2014 to 2020 (in billions). Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/330695/number-of-smartphone-users-worldwide/
  • TRT News (2019). Dünya genelinde cep telefonu kullananların sayısı 4.5 milyarı geçti. Retrieved from https://www.trthaber.com/haber/ dunya/dunya-genelinde-cep-telefonu-kullananlarin-sayisi-45-milyari-gecti-402379.html
APA SATICI B, DENİZ M (2020). Modeling Emotion Regulation and Subjective Happiness: Smartphone Addiction as a Mediator. , 146 - 152. 10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20035
Chicago SATICI Begum,DENİZ MEHMET ENGİN Modeling Emotion Regulation and Subjective Happiness: Smartphone Addiction as a Mediator. (2020): 146 - 152. 10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20035
MLA SATICI Begum,DENİZ MEHMET ENGİN Modeling Emotion Regulation and Subjective Happiness: Smartphone Addiction as a Mediator. , 2020, ss.146 - 152. 10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20035
AMA SATICI B,DENİZ M Modeling Emotion Regulation and Subjective Happiness: Smartphone Addiction as a Mediator. . 2020; 146 - 152. 10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20035
Vancouver SATICI B,DENİZ M Modeling Emotion Regulation and Subjective Happiness: Smartphone Addiction as a Mediator. . 2020; 146 - 152. 10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20035
IEEE SATICI B,DENİZ M "Modeling Emotion Regulation and Subjective Happiness: Smartphone Addiction as a Mediator." , ss.146 - 152, 2020. 10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20035
ISNAD SATICI, Begum - DENİZ, MEHMET ENGİN. "Modeling Emotion Regulation and Subjective Happiness: Smartphone Addiction as a Mediator". (2020), 146-152. https://doi.org/10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20035
APA SATICI B, DENİZ M (2020). Modeling Emotion Regulation and Subjective Happiness: Smartphone Addiction as a Mediator. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 7(3), 146 - 152. 10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20035
Chicago SATICI Begum,DENİZ MEHMET ENGİN Modeling Emotion Regulation and Subjective Happiness: Smartphone Addiction as a Mediator. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions 7, no.3 (2020): 146 - 152. 10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20035
MLA SATICI Begum,DENİZ MEHMET ENGİN Modeling Emotion Regulation and Subjective Happiness: Smartphone Addiction as a Mediator. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, vol.7, no.3, 2020, ss.146 - 152. 10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20035
AMA SATICI B,DENİZ M Modeling Emotion Regulation and Subjective Happiness: Smartphone Addiction as a Mediator. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions. 2020; 7(3): 146 - 152. 10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20035
Vancouver SATICI B,DENİZ M Modeling Emotion Regulation and Subjective Happiness: Smartphone Addiction as a Mediator. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions. 2020; 7(3): 146 - 152. 10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20035
IEEE SATICI B,DENİZ M "Modeling Emotion Regulation and Subjective Happiness: Smartphone Addiction as a Mediator." Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 7, ss.146 - 152, 2020. 10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20035
ISNAD SATICI, Begum - DENİZ, MEHMET ENGİN. "Modeling Emotion Regulation and Subjective Happiness: Smartphone Addiction as a Mediator". Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions 7/3 (2020), 146-152. https://doi.org/10.5152/ADDICTA.2020.20035