Objective: The most common microvascular complication of diabetes is diabetic retinopathy (DR). A new and recentlyemerged marker of oxidative stress and inflammation is monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR).Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) have also been shown as they are biomarkers ofsystemic inflammation in various diseases. The present study aims to assess MHR, its predictive value and relations betweenother inflammation markers in DR patients.Materials and Methods: Sixty-eight patients with DR, fifty-four DM patients without DR and forty-two control subjectswere included in this study. Complete blood count, lipoprotein and uric acid levels were recorded. MHR was calculated.Results: MHR, NLR and PLR were statistically significantly higher in DR group than DM without DR group (p=0.008,p=0.042, p=0.003, respectively). Then, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed and pointedthat MHR predicted DR using a cut-off level of 0.0156 with 63% sensitivity and 76% specificity.Conclusion: In this study, we investigated MHR in DR patients and its relationship with other inflammatory markers,lipoproteins and uric acid. We suggested that an elevated admission of MHR may be of benefit to detect DR and to determinethe CVD risk of these patients.