Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji

Keskinbora, Kadircan; Guven, Fatih

doi:10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289

Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji

Kadircan KESKİNBORA, (Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Göz Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik Bölümü, İstanbul, Türkiye)

Fatih GÜVEN (Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Bakırköy Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Göz Hastalıkları Kliniği, İstanbul, Türkiye)

Türk Oftalmoloji Dergisi

59 10

Yıl: 2020 Cilt: 50 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 37 - 43 Metin Dili: Türkçe DOI: 10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289 İndeks Tarihi: 07-10-2020

Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji

Öz:

Son yıllarda, hızla gelişmekte ve hemen bütün yaşam alanlarında kendine yer edinmekte olan yapay zekanın; oftalmoloji alanında kullanımıyla ilgili gelişmeleri ve olası uygulamaları, gerek oftalmoloji gerek tıbbi etik çerçevelerinde değerlendirerek ele almak. Yapay zeka uygulamalarının göz hastalıklarının tanısıyla ilgili çeşitli uygulamaları, kitap, dergi, arama motorları, basılı ve sosyal medya aracılığıyla tarandı. Kaynaklar çapraz kontrole tabi tutularak, bilgilerin sağlıklı olup olmadığı kontrol edildi. Kimisi ABD İlaç ve Gıda Kurumu tarafından onay da almış bulunan yapay zeka algoritmalarının, göz hastalıkları alanında özellikle tanıya yönelik araştırmalarda kendine yer bulduğu saptandı. Oftalmoloji alanında özellikle diyabetik retinopati, yaşa bağlı maküla dejenerasyonu, prematür retinopatisi konularında yapay zeka algoritmalarından yararlanılabileceğini kanıtlayan araştırmalar geliştirilmektedir. Bu algoritmalardan bazılarının onay aşamasına geldiği anlaşılmaktadır. Yapay zeka çalışmalarında gelinen nokta, bu teknolojinin halen önemli bir mesafe kat ettiğini göstermekte ve gelecekçalışmalar için umut vadetmektedir. Yöntemlerin, özellikle yetişmiş insan nüfusunun az ve hekime ulaşımın zor olduğu gelişmekte olan ülkelerde önlenebilir görme kayıplarının belirlenmesinde ve hekime yönlendirilmesinde etkili olacağı düşünülmektedir. Gelecekteki bazı yapay zeka sistemlerinin ahlaki/etik statüye sahip adaylar olabileceğini düşündüğümüzde, farklı etik konular ortaya çıkmaktadır. Ahlaki/etik durum ile ilgili sorular, uygulamalı etiğin bazı alanlarında önemlidir. Günümüz yapay zeka sistemlerinin bir ahlaki/etik statüye sahip olmadığı üzerinde anlaşmaya varılmış olduğu görülmekle birlikte, ahlaki/etik durumu belirleyen özelliklerin tam olarak ne olduğu ve ne olacağı da bilinmemektedir

Anahtar Kelime:

Artificial Intelligence and Ophthalmology

Öz:

Artificial intelligence is advancing rapidly and making its way into all areas of our lives. This review discusses developments and potential practices regarding the use of artificial intelligence in the field of ophthalmology, and the related topic of medical ethics. Various artificial intelligence applications related to the diagnosis of eye diseases were researched in books, journals, search engines, print and social media. Resources were cross-checked to verify the information. Artificial intelligence algorithms, some of which were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, have been adopted in the field of ophthalmology, especially in diagnostic studies. Studies are being conducted that prove that artificial intelligence algorithms can be used in the field of ophthalmology, especially in diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and retinopathy of prematurity. Some of these algorithms have come to the approval stage. The current point in artificial intelligence studies shows that this technology has advanced considerably and shows promise for future work. It is believed that artificial intelligence applications will be effective in identifying patients with preventable vision loss and directing them to physicians, especially in developing countries where there are fewer trained professionals and physicians are difficult to reach. When we consider the possibility that some future artificial intelligence systems may be candidates for moral/ethical status, certain ethical issues arise. Questions about moral/ethical status are important in some areas of applied ethics. Although it is accepted that current intelligence systems do not have moral/ethical status, it has yet to be determined what the exact the characteristics that confer moral/ethical status are or will be.

Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Derleme Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

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APA	Keskinbora K, Guven F (2020). Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji. , 37 - 43. 10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289
Chicago	Keskinbora Kadircan,Guven Fatih Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji. (2020): 37 - 43. 10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289
MLA	Keskinbora Kadircan,Guven Fatih Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji. , 2020, ss.37 - 43. 10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289
AMA	Keskinbora K,Guven F Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji. . 2020; 37 - 43. 10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289
Vancouver	Keskinbora K,Guven F Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji. . 2020; 37 - 43. 10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289
IEEE	Keskinbora K,Guven F "Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji." , ss.37 - 43, 2020. 10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289
ISNAD	Keskinbora, Kadircan - Guven, Fatih. "Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji". (2020), 37-43. https://doi.org/10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289

APA	Keskinbora K, Guven F (2020). Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji. Türk Oftalmoloji Dergisi, 50(1), 37 - 43. 10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289
Chicago	Keskinbora Kadircan,Guven Fatih Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji. Türk Oftalmoloji Dergisi 50, no.1 (2020): 37 - 43. 10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289
MLA	Keskinbora Kadircan,Guven Fatih Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji. Türk Oftalmoloji Dergisi, vol.50, no.1, 2020, ss.37 - 43. 10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289
AMA	Keskinbora K,Guven F Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji. Türk Oftalmoloji Dergisi. 2020; 50(1): 37 - 43. 10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289
Vancouver	Keskinbora K,Guven F Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji. Türk Oftalmoloji Dergisi. 2020; 50(1): 37 - 43. 10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289
IEEE	Keskinbora K,Guven F "Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji." Türk Oftalmoloji Dergisi, 50, ss.37 - 43, 2020. 10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289
ISNAD	Keskinbora, Kadircan - Guven, Fatih. "Yapay Zeka ve Oftalmoloji". Türk Oftalmoloji Dergisi 50/1 (2020), 37-43. https://doi.org/10.4274/tjo.galen020.789os.289