The objectives of this study were to determine renal volume, volume ratios in New Zealand rabbits by stereological methods, reveal thehistomorphological properties of tubulus proximalis, tubulus distalis, collecting tubule, Henle’s loop and number of glomerulus. Besides, it is toinvestigate the possible diffrences between the functional subcomponents of the right and left kidneys and the effcts of gender discriminationon them. The study was carried out on 9 males and 9 females healthy New Zealand rabbits’ kidneys. After weighing kidneys, diameters and lengthswere measured with a digital caliper. Total kidney volume and volume fractions of subcomponents of left and right kidneys were estimated byCavalieri’s method. The histological section was taken from the sampled kidneys and kidney structures in the unit area were counted. After allvalues of each component were expressed as ratios with in kidney, they were analyzed statistically to reveal diffrences between sexes. There wasno statistical diffrence between the renal densities. The right dorsoventral and mediolateral diameters of the females and males were found tobe greater than the left (P<0.05). No statistical diffrence was found in volume measurements with Archimedes’ principle and Cavalieri’s method(P>0.05). It was determined that the number of left collecting tubules in female rabbits was higher than males and it was statistically significant(P<0.05). Obtained data by making sexual dimorphism will contribute to the existing anatomical knowledge accumulation.