Objective: Anaphylaxis is an allergic fatal reaction. Delay in diagnosis or treatment may lead to death. Our study aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge of our nurses about the diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis and to arouse their attention on this issue. Material and Method: 70 nurses working at our pediatric care units participated voluntarily in the study. The questionnaire was prepared to measure the ability to recognize and treat anaphylaxis. It was examined whether there was a relationship between the correct answers and the professional experience (PE) of the nurses. PE was evaluated in two groups: 0-4 and 5-15 years of service. Findings: While the number of nurses with 0-4 years of PE was 39 (55,7%), the number of those with 5-15 years of PE was 31 (44,2%). The rates of treating an anaphylaxis patient previously were found to be 51,3% in the first group and 80,6% in the second (p=0,011). The rates of knowing the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis were similarly low in both groups (41,4% and 51,6%, respectively). The answer given most commonly by both group to the question asking the first necessary medication to be administered in the treatment of anaphylaxis was “adrenaline” (p=0,681). The recommended route of adrenaline administration was answered “intramuscular” at the rates of 64,1% and 71% by the first and the second group, respectively (p = 0,544). Conclusion: Our study shows that the knowledge of nurses working at our clinics on anaphylaxis, particularly in recognising and treating the disease is inadequate. It is essential to provide our work team with effective and practical training to eliminate the inadequacy.