Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

ÇAKIR, Orhan; ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA, Aynur

doi:10.14744/etd.2019.68815

Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

Orhan ÇAKIR, (Ege Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Acil Kliniği, İzmir, Türkiye)

Aynur ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA (Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği Bölümü, Manisa, Türkiye)

Erciyes Medical Journal

1 0

Yıl: 2020 Cilt: 42 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 30 - 36 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.14744/etd.2019.68815 İndeks Tarihi: 26-11-2020

Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

Öz:

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among the time spent on the internet, blood pressurevalues, and loneliness levels in adolescents.Materials and Methods: The study was planned with an analytical cross-sectional approach in the Manisa province,Turkey. The study was conducted in five high schools in a Turkish city in 2016. The study was carried out with 686 highschool students in the Manisa province, Turkey. Data collection tools used in the study were “personal information form”,“height and blood pressure measurement form”, and “UCLA loneliness scale.”Results: According to this study, 34.4% of participants were found to be excessively spending their time on the internet. Theprevalence of hypertension and prehypertension in adolescents was found to be 10.3% and 5.4%, respectively. There wasno relationship between the time spent on the internet and blood pressure levels of adolescents (p=0.751). However, thereis a relationship between the time spent on the internet and loneliness levels of adolescents (p=0.041).Conclusion: Particularly, integrating these dimensions of adolescent health into school guidance and psychological counseling units and primary health care services is considered to be important.

Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

1. World Health Organization. Coming of age: adolescent health. WHO; 2018. Available from: URL: http://www.who.int/health-topics/adolescents/coming-of-age-adolescent-health.
2. Tsai MC, Strong C, Lin CY. Effects of pubertal timing on deviant behaviors in Taiwan: a longitudinal analysis of 7th- to 12th-grade adolescents. J Adolesc 2015; 42: 87–97.
3. Tsai MC, Strong C, Chen WT, Lee CT, Lin CY. Longitudinal impacts of pubertal timing and weight status on adolescent Internet use: analysis from a cohort study of Taiwanese youths. PLoS One 2018; 13(5): e0197860.
4. UNICEF. Adolescence: An age of opportunity. New York: The State of the World’s Children 2011. Available from: URL: https://www.unicef. org/sowc2011/pdfs/SOWC-2011-Main-Report_EN_02092011.pdf.
5. Thapar A, Collishaw S, Pine DS, Thapar AK. Depression in adolescence. Lancet 2012; 379(9820):1056–67.
6. Akan H, İzbırak G, Tanrıöver Ö, Altunok EÇ, Yıldız A, Tilev SM, et al. Prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension in adolescents. Turkish Journal of Family Practice 2010; 14(3): 115–23.
7. Pesen Vural Ş. Frequency and the factors that effect obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia in adolescents in two selected primary school in Manisa [master dissertation]. Manisa: Celal Bayar University Institute of Health Sciences; 2007. Available from: URL: https://tez.yok.gov.tr/ UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp.
8. Dinç G, Saatli G, Baydur H, Özcan C. Hypertension and overweight among Turkish adolescents in a city in Aegean region of Turkey: a strong relationship in a population with a relatively low prevalence of overweight. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2009; 9(6): 450–6.
9. Erözkan A. The Predictors of Loneliness in Adolescents. Elementary Education Online 2009; 8(3): 809–19.
10. Karacic S, Oreskovic S. Internet addiction through the phase of adolescence: A questionnaire study. JMIR Mental Health 2017; 4(2): e11.
11. Christakis DA. Internet addiction: a 21 st century epidemic? BMC Med 2010; 8: 61.
12. Durkee T, Kaess M, Carli V, Parzer P, Wasserman C, Floderus B, et al. Prevalence of pathological internet use among adolescents in Europe: demographic and social factors. Addiction 2012; 107(12): 2210–22.
13. Cao F, Su L. Internet addiction among Chinese adolescents: prevalence and psychological features. Child Care Health Dev 2007; 33(3): 275–81.
14. Yang SY, Chen MD, Huang YC, Lin CY, Chang JH. Association between smartphone use and musculoskeletal discomfort in adolescent students. Journal of Community Health 2017; 42(3): 423–30.
15. Alimoradi Z, Lin CY, Broström A, Alimoradi Z, Lin CY, Broström A, et al. Internet addiction and sleep disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine Review et al. Internet addiction and sleep disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine Review 2019; 47: 51–61.
16. Yang SY, Lin CY, Huang YC, Chang JH. Gender differences in the association of smartphone use with the vitality and mental health of adolescent students. J Am Coll Health 2018; 66(7): 693–701.
17. Wong SN, Tz Sung RY, Leung LC. Validation of three oscillometric blood pressure devices against auscultatory mercury sphygmomanometer in children. Blood Press Monit 2006; 11(5): 281–91.
18. Demir A. The validity and reliability of the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Kasim 1989; 7(23): 14-8. Available from: https://toad.halileksi.net/ olcek/ucla-yalnizlik-olcegi. Accessed, Jun 12, 2019.
19. B élanger RE, Akre C, Berchtold A, Michaud PA. A U- shaped association between intensity of Internet use and adolescent health. Pediatrics 2011; 127(2): e330–5.
20. Cassidy-Bushrow AE, Johnson DA, Peters RM, Burmeister C, Joseph CL. Time spent on the Internet and adolescent blood pressure. J Sch Nurs 2015; 31(5): 374–84.
21. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2004; 114(2 Suppl 4th Report): 555–76.
22. Kim HY. Statistical notes for clinical researchers: assessing normal distribution (2) using skewness and kurtosis. Restor Dent Endod 2013; 38(1): 52–4.
23. West SG, Finch JF, Curran PJ. Structural equation models with non normal variables: problems and remedies. In: Hoyle RH, editor. Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues and applications. Newbury Park, CA: Sage; 1995. p. 56–75.
24. McNiece KL, Poffenbarger TS, Turner JL, Franco KD, Sorof JM, Portman RJ. Prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension among adolescents. J Pediatr 2007; 150(6): 640–4.
25. Karakoc E, Taydaş O. Bir Serbest Zaman Etkinliği Olarak Üniversite Öğrencilerin İnternet Kullanımı İle Yalnızlık Arasındaki İlişki: Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Örneği [Relation between web surfing of university students and their loneliness as a leisure time activity: A sample of students in Cumhuriyet University]. Journal of Selçuk Communication. 2013;7(4): 33–45. Available from: URL: https://www.academia.edu/31357643/Bir_Serbest_Zaman_Etkinli%C4%9Fi_Olarak_%C3%9Cniversite_%C3%96%C4%9Frencilerinin_%C4%B0nternet_Kullan%C4%B1m%C4%B1_%C4%B0le_Yaln%C4%B1zl%C4%B1k_Aras%C4%B1ndaki_%C4%B0li%C5%9Fki_ Cumhuriyet_%C3%9Cniversitesi_%C3%96rne%C4%9Fi_. Accessed Jun 11, 2019.
26. Sanders CE, Field TM, Diego M, Kaplan M. The relationship of internet use to depression and social isolation among adolescents. Adolescence 2000; 35(138): 237–42.
27. Chou C, Hsiao MC. Internet addiction, usage, gratification, and pleasure experience: The Taiwan college students’ case. Computers & Education 2000; 35(1): 65–80. doi:10.1016/S0360-1315(00)00019-1. Available from: URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/223201686_Internet_addiction_usage_gratification_and_pleasure_experience_The_Taiwan_college_students’_case. Accessed Jun 11, 2019.
28. Gunuc S, Dogan A. The relationships between Turkish adolescents’ Internet addiction, their perceived social support and family activities. Comput Hum Behav 2013; 29(6): 2197–207.
29. Caplan SE. Relations among loneliness, social anxiety, and problematic internet use. Cyberpsychol Behav 2007; 10(2): 234–42.
30. Morahan-Martin J. The relationship between loneliness and internet use and abuse. Cyberpsychol Behav 1999; 2(5): 431–9.

APA	ÇAKIR O, ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA A (2020). Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. , 30 - 36. 10.14744/etd.2019.68815
Chicago	ÇAKIR Orhan,ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA Aynur Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. (2020): 30 - 36. 10.14744/etd.2019.68815
MLA	ÇAKIR Orhan,ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA Aynur Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. , 2020, ss.30 - 36. 10.14744/etd.2019.68815
AMA	ÇAKIR O,ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA A Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. . 2020; 30 - 36. 10.14744/etd.2019.68815
Vancouver	ÇAKIR O,ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA A Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. . 2020; 30 - 36. 10.14744/etd.2019.68815
IEEE	ÇAKIR O,ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA A "Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study." , ss.30 - 36, 2020. 10.14744/etd.2019.68815
ISNAD	ÇAKIR, Orhan - ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA, Aynur. "Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study". (2020), 30-36. https://doi.org/10.14744/etd.2019.68815

APA	ÇAKIR O, ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA A (2020). Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. Erciyes Medical Journal, 42(1), 30 - 36. 10.14744/etd.2019.68815
Chicago	ÇAKIR Orhan,ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA Aynur Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. Erciyes Medical Journal 42, no.1 (2020): 30 - 36. 10.14744/etd.2019.68815
MLA	ÇAKIR Orhan,ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA Aynur Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. Erciyes Medical Journal, vol.42, no.1, 2020, ss.30 - 36. 10.14744/etd.2019.68815
AMA	ÇAKIR O,ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA A Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. Erciyes Medical Journal. 2020; 42(1): 30 - 36. 10.14744/etd.2019.68815
Vancouver	ÇAKIR O,ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA A Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. Erciyes Medical Journal. 2020; 42(1): 30 - 36. 10.14744/etd.2019.68815
IEEE	ÇAKIR O,ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA A "Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study." Erciyes Medical Journal, 42, ss.30 - 36, 2020. 10.14744/etd.2019.68815
ISNAD	ÇAKIR, Orhan - ÇAKMAKÇI ÇETİNKAYA, Aynur. "Time Spent on the Internet, Blood Pressure, and Loneliness in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study". Erciyes Medical Journal 42/1 (2020), 30-36. https://doi.org/10.14744/etd.2019.68815