Yıl: 2020 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2 Sayfa Aralığı: 235 - 250 Metin Dili: İngilizce İndeks Tarihi: 01-12-2020

Nano and Micro Satellites as the Pillar of the “New Space” Paradigm

Öz:
Six decades after the launch of the first satellite in 1957, space business andspace technologies are taking a new turn: From big to small, from primarilygovernment to extensively private sector and from a few players to profuselymany. The new paradigm, or “New Space”, as it has been called, can becharacterized by new startups with venture capital backing entering the fieldor in fact leading the field in new innovative applications, universities andcountries with no previous space experience joining the bandwagon, leandesign and development techniques benefitting from the newly availableCOTS parts and subsystems, mass production of satellites, constellations ofhundreds or thousands of small satellites serving old and new emerging nicheneeds, small launchers available for reaching orbit at low cost and rather shortnotice, capability to launch a rocket several times a month, and more exoticapplications such as the coming space tourism and asteroid mining. Althoughthere were initiatives in this direction in the previous century, they proved toofeeble to set a trend. “New Space” started showing its first signs of emergenceafter the turn of the millennium. However the market acceptance has reallytaken root in the last 3 or 4 years. Market data clearly shows an acceleratedpace shaping the future of space industry. This paper reviews thedevelopments in the nano and micro satellites considering them as the pillarof the New Space paradigm. The road leading to the present state and thecurrent trends are elaborated. A look to the future points to the proliferation ofspace applications among the many startups, big and small institutions,however being limited by market forces and survival by a few as the decadeproceeds.
Anahtar Kelime:

"Yeni Uzay" Paradigmasının Temel Direği Olarak, Nano ve Micro Uydular

Öz:
İlk yapay uydunun 1957’de uzaya çıkışından altmış yıl kadar sonra uzay teknolojileri ve uzay endüstrisi yeni bir dönemece giriyor. Büyükten küçüğe, ağırlıkla hükumetler yerine yaygın özel sektöre, birkaç piyasa hakimi oyuncudan çok sayıda yeni oyuncuya doğru gidişat var. “Yeni Uzay” diye adlandırılan bu paradigmayı karakterize eden özellikler, girişim sermayesi destekli yeni kurulan firmaların bu alana girmesi, hatta bu alana liderlik eder duruma gelmeleri, geçmişte hiç uzay deneyimi olmayan üniversitelerin ve devletlerin bu akıma katılmaları, uydularda kullanılmak üzere ortaya çıkan hazır ticari raf ürünleri ve bunlardan yararlanarak geliştirilen yeni tasarım ve üretim teknikleri, uyduların seri üretimi ve takım uydular halinde eski ve yeni bir takım gereksinimlere cevap verir duruma gelmeleri, küçük uydu fırlatıcılarının ortaya çıkması ve fırlatma maliyetinin ucuzlaması, fırlatma hazırlık süresinin çok kısaltılması, ayda birkaç kez fırlatma yapılabilir duruma gelinmesi ve bunların yanında uzay turizmi ve asteroid madenciliği gibi egzotik uygulamaları ortaya çıkması. Önceki yüzyılda da bu yönde girişimler ortaya çıkmış ise de bunlar bir trend belirlemekte zayıf kaldılar. “Yeni Uzay” belirtileri yeni yüzyılda daha bir güç kazansa da son 3, 4 yılda bir paradigma değişikliği olarak tanınır olmaktadır. Sektördeki veriler artık bu gidişatın gelecekte hızlanarak süreceğini göstermektedir. Bu bildiri Yeni Uzay paradigmasının ana direği olmaları nedeniyle nano ve mikro uydu gelişmelerini ele alınmakta, bugünkü duruma gelirken olan gelişmeler, mevcut projeler ve uygulamalar anlatılmaktadır. Gelecekte uzay uygulamaları, büyük, küçük, yeni, eski, kuruluşlar arasında yaygınlaşarak büyüyecek, ancak bu kuruluşlardan bir kısmı piyasa koşulları içinde yaşamlarını sürdüremezken az sayıda bazıları 2020’lerin sonuna doğru büyüyerek ayakta kalmayı başaracaktır.
Anahtar Kelime:

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APA İNCE F (2020). Nano and Micro Satellites as the Pillar of the “New Space” Paradigm. , 235 - 250.
Chicago İNCE Fuat Nano and Micro Satellites as the Pillar of the “New Space” Paradigm. (2020): 235 - 250.
MLA İNCE Fuat Nano and Micro Satellites as the Pillar of the “New Space” Paradigm. , 2020, ss.235 - 250.
AMA İNCE F Nano and Micro Satellites as the Pillar of the “New Space” Paradigm. . 2020; 235 - 250.
Vancouver İNCE F Nano and Micro Satellites as the Pillar of the “New Space” Paradigm. . 2020; 235 - 250.
IEEE İNCE F "Nano and Micro Satellites as the Pillar of the “New Space” Paradigm." , ss.235 - 250, 2020.
ISNAD İNCE, Fuat. "Nano and Micro Satellites as the Pillar of the “New Space” Paradigm". (2020), 235-250.
APA İNCE F (2020). Nano and Micro Satellites as the Pillar of the “New Space” Paradigm. Havacılık ve Uzay Teknolojileri Dergisi, 13(2), 235 - 250.
Chicago İNCE Fuat Nano and Micro Satellites as the Pillar of the “New Space” Paradigm. Havacılık ve Uzay Teknolojileri Dergisi 13, no.2 (2020): 235 - 250.
MLA İNCE Fuat Nano and Micro Satellites as the Pillar of the “New Space” Paradigm. Havacılık ve Uzay Teknolojileri Dergisi, vol.13, no.2, 2020, ss.235 - 250.
AMA İNCE F Nano and Micro Satellites as the Pillar of the “New Space” Paradigm. Havacılık ve Uzay Teknolojileri Dergisi. 2020; 13(2): 235 - 250.
Vancouver İNCE F Nano and Micro Satellites as the Pillar of the “New Space” Paradigm. Havacılık ve Uzay Teknolojileri Dergisi. 2020; 13(2): 235 - 250.
IEEE İNCE F "Nano and Micro Satellites as the Pillar of the “New Space” Paradigm." Havacılık ve Uzay Teknolojileri Dergisi, 13, ss.235 - 250, 2020.
ISNAD İNCE, Fuat. "Nano and Micro Satellites as the Pillar of the “New Space” Paradigm". Havacılık ve Uzay Teknolojileri Dergisi 13/2 (2020), 235-250.