Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries
Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 67 - 74 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.5505/ejm.2021.16768 İndeks Tarihi: 02-05-2021
Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries
Öz: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between early (at the first admission to the emergency room) blood glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP) and leukocyte (WBC) levels and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in patients with pediatric isolated head injury (IHI) and to reveal their effects on prognosis in the emergency department.The data of 74 patients with IHI under the age of 18 and over the age of 2, admitted to Kars Harakani State Hospital Emergency Department between 2016 and 2019, were obtained from the hospital information system and analyzed retrospectively. It was reported that 54 of our patients were boys and 20 were girls. Concerning injury etiology, it was determined that 21.6% were exposed to head injury due to a traffic accident, 59.4% due to falling, 9.5% due to battery, and the same percentage due to a foreign body hit on the head. According to the severity of brain damage, 65 patients with the GCS score above eight and 9 patients with the GCS score below and equal to eight were identified. While a significant negative correlation was found between the GCS scores and blood glucose and WBC levels of our patients, the difference between the CRP levels was found to be insignificant. In children with pediatric IHI, a negative correlation was found between increased blood glucose and WBC levels and GCS score in the early period in predicting the severity of damage in addition to computerized brain tomography (CBT), and it was associated with poor prognosis in the emergency department.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
- 1. Michaud LJ, Duhaime AC, Batshow ML. Traumatic brain injury in children. Pediatr Clin North Am 1993; 40: 553-565.
- 2. TÜİK. Türkiye geneli ölüm nedeni istatistikleri, 2016. Ankara-Türkiye (http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.d o;jsessionid=ylp1hGjWX7SZ1xThql80JHTDss Kr82YhMDTlX7KL3DZTp3LgqyxS!19865403 ?id=24649) (in Turkish).
- 3. Sanchez JI, Paidos CN. Childhood trauma. Surg Clin North Am 1999; 79: 1503-1535.
- 4. Borgialli DA, Mahajan P, Hoyle JrJD, et al. Performance of the pediatric glasgow coma scale score in the evaluation of children with blunt head trauma. Acad Emerg Med 2016; 23: 878-884.
- 5. Rao KVS, Srinivas P, Swathi V. Comparison of Avpu with Glasgow Coma Scale for assessing level of consciousness in infants and children. IOSR-JDMS 2015; 14: 22-29.
- 6. Hawryluk GWJ, Manley GT. Classification of traumatic brain injury: past, present, and future. Handb Clin Neurol 2015; 127: 15-21.
- 7. Yoganandan N, Pintar FA, Sances JRA, et al. Biomechanics of skull fracture. J Neurotrauma 1995; 12: 659-668.
- 8. Beyaztaş FY, Alagözlü H. The evaluation of the traffic accident cases applying to the emergency department of the hospital of the cumhuriyet university in 1998. Turkish Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery 2002; 8: 29-33.
- 9. Arienta C, Caroli M, Balbi S. Management of head injured patients in the emergency department: Apratical protocol. Surg Neurol 1997; 48: 213-219.
- 10. Şahin S, Doğan Ş, Aksoy K. Pediatric Head Injury. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2002; 28: 45-51. (in Turkish).
- 11. Kuppermann N, Holmes JF, Dayan PS, et al. Identification of children at very low risk of clinically-important brain injuries after head trauma: a prospective cohort study. The Lancet 2009; 374: 1160-1170.
- 12. Kalabalikis P, Papazoglou K, GouriotisD, et al. Correlation between serum IL-6 and CRP levels and severity of head injury in children. Intens Care Med 1999; 25: 288-292.
- 13. Atabaki SM. Pediatric head injury. Pediatr Rev 2007; 28: 215-224.
- 14. Tsai WC, Chiu WT, Chiou HY, Choy CS, Hung CC, Tsai SH. Pediatric traumatic brain injuries in Taiwan: an 8-year study. J Clin Neurosci 2004; 11: 126-129.
- 15. Er A, Akman C, Alatas I, et al. Should Children with Minor Head Injury Routinely Have CT Scan? JOPP Derg 2013; 5: 131-135.
- 16. Yuceer N, Mertol T, Arda MN. Results of the clinical evaluation of 106 pediatric cases with head injury. Düşünen Adam 2005; 18: 95-100.
- 17. Tallon JM, Ackroyd-Stolarz S, Karim SA, Clarke DB. The epidemiology of surgically treated acute subdural and epidural hematomas in patients with head injuries: a population-based study. Can J Surg 2008; 51: 339-345.
- 18. Simsek O, Hicdonmez T, Hamamcioglu MK, et al. Pediatric head injuries: a retrospective analysis of 280 patients. TJTES 2005; 11: 310- 317.
- 19. Pagowska-Klimek I, Lewkowicz P, Banasik M, Krajewski W, Tchórzewski H. Isolated head injury in children affects the NEU function and lymphocyte count. J Trauma 2007; 63: 179-186.
- 20. Chiaretti A, Piastra M, Pulitanò S, et al. Prognostic factors and outcome of children with severe head injury: an 8-year experience. Childs Nerv Syst 2002; 18: 129- 136.
- 21. Gurkanlar D, Lakadamyali H, Ergun T, Yilmaz C, Yücel E, Altinors N. Predictive value of leucocytosis in head trauma. Turk Neurosurg 2009; 19: 211-215.
- 22. Foaud HM, Labib JR, Metwally HG, El-Twab KM. Plasma D-dimer as a prognostic marker in ICU admitted Egyptian Children with traumatic brain injury. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8: 1-6.
- 23. Giden R, Gokdemir MT, Erel O, Buyukaslan H, Karabag H. The relationship between serum thiol levels and thiol/disulfide homeostasis with head trauma in children. Clin Lab 2018; 64: 163-168.
- 24. Turgeon AF, Lauzier F, Burns KEA, Meade MO, Scales DC, Zarychanski R. Determination of neurological prognosis in adult patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a survey of Canadian intensivists, neurosurgeons and neurologists. Crit Care Med 2013; 41: 1086-1093.
- 25. Hergenroeder G.W. Serum IL-6: a candidate biomarker for intracranial pressure elevation following isolated traumatic brain injury. J Neuroinflammation 2010; 3: 7-19.
- 26. Jeremitsky E. The impact of hyperglycemia on patients with severe brain injury. J Trauma 2005; 58: 31-36.
- 27. Salehpoor F, Meshkini A, Shokouhi G, et al. Prognostic serum factors in traumatic brian injury: a systematic review. Iran J Neurosurg 2015; 1: 10-22.
- 28. Chiaretti A, De Benedictis R, Langer A, et al. Prognostic implications of hyperglycaemia in paediatric head injury. Childs Nerv Syst 1998; 14: 455-459
| APA | GÜL H, şimşek a, DOLANBAY T, Aras M, Gul Ü, Şahin L, Çelik S (2021). Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries. , 67 - 74. 10.5505/ejm.2021.16768 |
| Chicago | GÜL HÜSEYİN FATİH,şimşek abdullah talha,DOLANBAY TURGUT,Aras Murat,Gul Ümit Yasar,Şahin Levent,Çelik Seda Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries. (2021): 67 - 74. 10.5505/ejm.2021.16768 |
| MLA | GÜL HÜSEYİN FATİH,şimşek abdullah talha,DOLANBAY TURGUT,Aras Murat,Gul Ümit Yasar,Şahin Levent,Çelik Seda Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries. , 2021, ss.67 - 74. 10.5505/ejm.2021.16768 |
| AMA | GÜL H,şimşek a,DOLANBAY T,Aras M,Gul Ü,Şahin L,Çelik S Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries. . 2021; 67 - 74. 10.5505/ejm.2021.16768 |
| Vancouver | GÜL H,şimşek a,DOLANBAY T,Aras M,Gul Ü,Şahin L,Çelik S Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries. . 2021; 67 - 74. 10.5505/ejm.2021.16768 |
| IEEE | GÜL H,şimşek a,DOLANBAY T,Aras M,Gul Ü,Şahin L,Çelik S "Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries." , ss.67 - 74, 2021. 10.5505/ejm.2021.16768 |
| ISNAD | GÜL, HÜSEYİN FATİH vd. "Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries". (2021), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.5505/ejm.2021.16768 |
| APA | GÜL H, şimşek a, DOLANBAY T, Aras M, Gul Ü, Şahin L, Çelik S (2021). Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries. Eastern Journal of Medicine, 26(1), 67 - 74. 10.5505/ejm.2021.16768 |
| Chicago | GÜL HÜSEYİN FATİH,şimşek abdullah talha,DOLANBAY TURGUT,Aras Murat,Gul Ümit Yasar,Şahin Levent,Çelik Seda Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries. Eastern Journal of Medicine 26, no.1 (2021): 67 - 74. 10.5505/ejm.2021.16768 |
| MLA | GÜL HÜSEYİN FATİH,şimşek abdullah talha,DOLANBAY TURGUT,Aras Murat,Gul Ümit Yasar,Şahin Levent,Çelik Seda Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries. Eastern Journal of Medicine, vol.26, no.1, 2021, ss.67 - 74. 10.5505/ejm.2021.16768 |
| AMA | GÜL H,şimşek a,DOLANBAY T,Aras M,Gul Ü,Şahin L,Çelik S Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries. Eastern Journal of Medicine. 2021; 26(1): 67 - 74. 10.5505/ejm.2021.16768 |
| Vancouver | GÜL H,şimşek a,DOLANBAY T,Aras M,Gul Ü,Şahin L,Çelik S Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries. Eastern Journal of Medicine. 2021; 26(1): 67 - 74. 10.5505/ejm.2021.16768 |
| IEEE | GÜL H,şimşek a,DOLANBAY T,Aras M,Gul Ü,Şahin L,Çelik S "Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries." Eastern Journal of Medicine, 26, ss.67 - 74, 2021. 10.5505/ejm.2021.16768 |
| ISNAD | GÜL, HÜSEYİN FATİH vd. "Evaluation of Blood Glucose and InflammationMarkers in Pediatric Head Injuries". Eastern Journal of Medicine 26/1 (2021), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.5505/ejm.2021.16768 |
