SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini

Cakal, Bulent

doi:10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286

SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini

Bülent ÇAKAL (İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi, Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye)

Türkiye Klinikleri Tıp Etiği-Hukuku Tarihi Dergisi

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Yıl: 2020 Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 499 - 507 Metin Dili: Türkçe DOI: 10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286 İndeks Tarihi: 02-04-2021

SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini

Öz:

Şiddetli akut solunum sendromu ilişkili bir koronavirüsün [se- vere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)] etiyolojik etkeni olduğu koronavirüs hastalığı-19 [coronavirus disease- 19 (COVID-19)] pandemisi mevcut ve olası sonuçları açısından tüm dünyayı etkisi altına almıştır. SARS-CoV-2, 21. yüzyılın başından beri reseptör bağlanma ve proteoliz gibi kritik tür bariyerlerini aşarak sal- gınlara neden olabilen üçüncü koronavirüstür. Koronavirüslerin yük- sek sıklıkta mutasyon ve homolog RNA rekombinasyon kabiliyetleri, yeni viral genotiplerin oluşmasına, yeni çevrelere adaptasyon sağlama ve doku tropizmlerinin değişmesine imkân sağlayabilmektedir. İnsan SARS-CoV-2 ve yarasa koronavirüs sekansları arasındaki yüksek ben- zerlik nedeni ile SARS-CoV’nin doğadaki rezervuarının yarasalar ol- duğu kabul edilmektedir. Buna karşın, SARS-CoV-2’nin yarasalardan İnsana bulaşında rolü olan bir ara konağın varlığı ya da olası molekü- ler mekanizmalar henüz tanımlanmamıştır. Diğer yandan, özellikle SARSCoV-2’nin RaTG13’ten farklı olarak viral spike proteinini kod- layan genomda bir polibazik (furin) kesim alanı içeren insersiyon içer- mesi ve reseptör ACE2’ye bağlanma afinitesindeki artış dikkat çekici olarak yorumlanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla SARS-CoV-2'nin yarasadan in- sana bulaşma mekanizmaları henüz net olarak tanımlanmadığından, vi- rüsün kökeni hakkında bazı tartışmalar devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, SARS-CoV-2’nin orjinine ilişkin bilimsel verilerin değer- lendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelime:

Origin of SARS-CoV-2

Öz:

The Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic which is the etiological agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome- associated a coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has influenced the whole world with the current and possible results. SARS-CoV-2 is the third coronavirus causing outbreaks by overcome critical species barriers such as receptor binding and proteolysis since the beginning of the 21st century. Capabilities of coronaviruses high frequency mutation and ho- mologous RNA recombination can support that is formation of new viral genotypes, adapt to new environments, change tissue tropisms. It is considered that reservoir in natural of SARS-CoV-2 is bats because between sequence of human SARS-CoV-2 and bat coronavirus RaTG13 is similar at high level. However, existence of an intermedi- ate host that plays a role in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. However from bats to human or possible molecular mechanisms have not been identified yet. On the other hand, it is interpreted as remarkable that unlike RaTG13, especially SARS-CoV-2 contains a polybasic (furin) cleavage site insertion in genome encoding viral spike protein and increased affinity of binding to receptor ACE2. Therefore, there is some of discussions continues about origin of the virus because mechanisms of bat-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has not been clearly identified yet. In this review, it is aimed to examination scientific data about the origin of SARS-CoV-2.

Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Derleme Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık

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APA	Cakal B (2020). SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini. , 499 - 507. 10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286
Chicago	Cakal Bulent SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini. (2020): 499 - 507. 10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286
MLA	Cakal Bulent SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini. , 2020, ss.499 - 507. 10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286
AMA	Cakal B SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini. . 2020; 499 - 507. 10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286
Vancouver	Cakal B SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini. . 2020; 499 - 507. 10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286
IEEE	Cakal B "SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini." , ss.499 - 507, 2020. 10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286
ISNAD	Cakal, Bulent. "SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini". (2020), 499-507. https://doi.org/10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286

APA	Cakal B (2020). SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini. Türkiye Klinikleri Tıp Etiği-Hukuku Tarihi Dergisi, 28(3), 499 - 507. 10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286
Chicago	Cakal Bulent SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini. Türkiye Klinikleri Tıp Etiği-Hukuku Tarihi Dergisi 28, no.3 (2020): 499 - 507. 10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286
MLA	Cakal Bulent SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini. Türkiye Klinikleri Tıp Etiği-Hukuku Tarihi Dergisi, vol.28, no.3, 2020, ss.499 - 507. 10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286
AMA	Cakal B SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini. Türkiye Klinikleri Tıp Etiği-Hukuku Tarihi Dergisi. 2020; 28(3): 499 - 507. 10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286
Vancouver	Cakal B SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini. Türkiye Klinikleri Tıp Etiği-Hukuku Tarihi Dergisi. 2020; 28(3): 499 - 507. 10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286
IEEE	Cakal B "SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini." Türkiye Klinikleri Tıp Etiği-Hukuku Tarihi Dergisi, 28, ss.499 - 507, 2020. 10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286
ISNAD	Cakal, Bulent. "SARS-CoV-2’nin Orijini". Türkiye Klinikleri Tıp Etiği-Hukuku Tarihi Dergisi 28/3 (2020), 499-507. https://doi.org/10.5336/mdethic.2020-76286