Although there has been a significant increase in the studies on the National Struggle (1918-1923) in recent years, it is not possible to say that the researches about the conditions under which health services are carried out in such a critical war are still sufficient. In this study, what kind of a health organization was formed while the national forces were fighting with the enemy forces during the invasions in Western Anatolia and the Battles of İnönü was discussed. In the said organization, the position of the Hilal-i Ahmer Community was examined on the basis of concrete data. Information was given about the services that the community, known as the Turkish Red Crescent (Türk Kızılayı) today, provides to both Turks and Greeks, taking international laws of war and humanitarian criteria as a reference. It has been demonstrated on the basis of original sources that it fulfills important functions in other fields besides health. In response to these developments on the Turkish side, the position of the Greek Salib-i Ahmer Community has been criticized. In this context, it was stated that the community sometimes carried out medical missionary activities and at other times carried out activities that would escalate the tension between the parties. Salib-i Ahmers, who served the idea of rebuilding the Byzantine and Pontus Greek Empires and turned their hospitals into a weapon depot, was supported by the thesis that his appearance in Anatolia went beyond being a health institution. Besides their roles in political and military events, the sociological image formed by both communities was evaluated.