Starting to work on an article based on the theme of the historical process of the formation and development of one of the types of piano performance - the genre of ensemble playing, the task was set to illuminate the long road to perfection from the sixteenth century to the present day. The development of the studied genre led to the appearance in the world musical culture of piano duets, piano ensembles, and was also accompanied by the birth of more and more new works and all kinds of arrangements in the composer's work. Composers have created a number of musical masterpieces that do not depart from posters to this day. In this article, in the process of researching the development of ensemble music and piano ensemble performance, particular importance is given to the formation of the educational system, which is the foundation in the professional training of ensembles. Therefore, a significant place in the article is given to creative recommendations, methodological developments of some pianist performers, as well as teachers. A similar aspect of the work made it necessary to show some recommendations in the article on the example of a performing analysis of two works by Turkish composers. These are the Fugue No. 3 from the polyphonic cycle for two pianos “12 Preludes and Fugue” by Сemal Reşit Rey and a piece for piano duet “Can You Reap Cut Grass” from the cycle “Two Anatolian Tunes” by Özkan Manav. The article also emphasized the vital importance of duet ensemble performance, which is expressed in the vibrant programs of modern festivals, competitions held in different countries of the world and enjoyed great success by musicians and music lovers.