Objective: The prognosis of breast cancer (BC) is determined directly based on the stage of disease at the time of diagnosis. Proliferative breast lesions(PBLs) are an important risk factor for BC development. The risk of developing BC varies according to the presence of extent of proliferation in the breastlesions. We aimed to investigate the effect of BC risk factors on the PBLs in this study.Materials and Methods: Patients who visited the surgical clinic of the university during the past 6 years who presented with PBLs with or without atypiaby fine/core needle aspiration biopsy were included in this study. The relationship between PBLs and BC risk factors such as the age, mass size, Body Massindex (BMI), smoking, sports activity, BC family history, the use of hormone replacement therapy, number of pregnancies, and the duration of breastfeedingwere compared.Results: A total of 74 (96.1%) of all patients were women and three were men. The median age of the patients was 38 (range: 19–74) years; the cut-offvalue of age was 35.5 years. The mean age of patients with PBL-with atypia (PBL-WA) was higher (p=0.005) in the malignant group based on the finalpathology and radiological imaging features (for both, p<0.001). The mean size of the mass was large at 2.53±1.33 (1–6) cm; and the cut-off value of thetumor size was 2.5 cm. The mean size was greater in the PBL-WA patients (p=0.171) in the malignant group based on the final pathology and radiologicalcharacteristic (respectively, p=0.004 and p=0.016). The mean BMI was 26.8±4.4 kg/m2 (18.8–35.1) and the cut-off value was 25.4 kg/m2. BMI was greaterin the PBL-WA group and in the malignant group based on the final pathology (respectively, p=0.002 and p=0.001). Smoking was positive in 66.2% (n=51)of the patients, and it was high in the PBL-WA patients (p=0.001). The percentage of patients with no sports activity was 63.6% (n=49), while it was 20.8%(n=16) for those with once a week sports activity and 15.6% (n=12) for those with twice a week activity. There was family history of BC in 16.9% (n=13) ofall patients. The number of positive cases of family history of BC was greater in the malignant group (p=0.001). Hormone replacement therapy was recordedin 11.7% (n=9) of the patients. The mean numbers of pregnancies (2.1±2.4) and breastfeeding duration (32.5±37.4 months) were low in the benign groupsdue to the relatively lower average age of the patients.Conclusion: Based on our analysis, age is an extremely important aspect for assessing PBLs. The age of the patient was statistically significantly greaterin the patients with malignant lesions in all groups. The factors lesion size, BMI, smoking habit, and BC family history were also more frequent in themalignant groups. The rate of sports activity was lower in the malignant groups. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate patients individually when evaluating PBLs.It is recommended to evaluate PBLs together with BC risk factors for the better understanding.