Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 47 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 2 - 9 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.5152/actavet.2021.20019 İndeks Tarihi: 27-06-2021

Combinatorial Usage of Sumac Unriped Fruit Extract (Rhus Coriaria) and Tannic Acid Enhanced Synergistic Anti-Angiogenic Effect on Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay

Öz:
Rhus coriaria (sumac) naturally grows worldwide and contains many phytochemicals. Tannic acid is frequently used for treating medical conditions. The aim of this study is to determine the synergistic effects of methanolic and acetonic extracts of Rhus coriaria’s from unriped fruits in combination with tannic acid on angiogenesis by using the Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) assay. The effects of methanol and acetone extracts of Sumac (MES and AES, respectively, at a final concentration of 5 mg/mL for both) and tannic acid (Tan 1.25 and 5 mg/mL) alone or in combination were examined for their effect on angiogenesis by applying the CAM assay. CAM assay results showed that AES is more effective than MES on suppressing angiogenesis. Tannic acid started to show antiangiogenic effects at the concentration of 5 mg/ mL. When AES and tannic acid were used in combination at a dose of 5 mg/mL each, a very strong antiangiogenic effect was observed (score; 1.1±0.131, p<0.001). The combinatorial usage of AES and tannic acid may result in strong suppression of angiogenesis, an effect that is shown in this study for the first time. Based on this observation, combinatorial usage of sumac extracts and tannic acid could be promising as a new antiangiogenic therapy.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Abedi Gaballu, F., Abedi Gaballu, Y., Moazenzade Khyavy, O., Mardomi, A., Ghahremanzadeh, K., Shokouhi, B., Mamandy, H., 2015. Effects of a triplex mixture of Peganum harmala, Rhus coriaria, and Urtica dioica aqueous extracts on metabolic and histological parameters in diabetic rats. Pharmaceutical Biology 53, 1104-1109. [Crossref]
  • Abu-Reidah, I.M., Ali-Shtayeh, M.S., Jamous, R.M., Arráez-Román, D., Segura-Carretero, A., 2015. HPLC–DAD–ESI-MS/MS screening of bioactive components from Rhus coriaria L. (Sumac) fruits. Food Chemistry 166, 179-191. [Crossref]
  • Adwan, G., Abu-Shanab, B.A., Adwan, K.M., 2008. In vitro activity of certain drugs in combination with plant extracts against Staphylococcus aureus infections. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 24, 541-544.
  • Al-Abd, A.M., Alamoudi, A.J., Abdel-Naim, A.B., Neamatallah, T.A., Ashour, O.M., 2017. Anti-angiogenic agents for the treatment of solid tumors: potential pathways, therapy and current strategies -A review. Journal of Advanced Research 8, 591-605. [Crossref]
  • Al-Hijazeen, M., Mendonca, A., Lee, E.J., Ahn, D.U., 2018. Effect of oregano oil and tannic acid combinations on the quality and sensory characteristics of cooked chicken meat. Poultry Science 97, 676-683. [Crossref]
  • AL-Jubory, S.Y.O., AL-Saltany, A.A.M., S.Salah Sh., 2010. Chemical Study of Fruits of Rhus coriaria. In: Proc. 4th conference Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences (QJVMS) 9, 3. [Crossref]
  • Anand David, A.V., Arulmoli, R., Parasuraman, S., 2016. Overviews of biological importance of quercetin: a bioactive flavonoid. Pharmacognosy Reviews 10, 84-89. [Crossref]
  • Ardalani, H., Moghadam, M., Hadipanah, A., Fotovat, F., Azizi, A., Soltani, J., 2016. Identification and characterization of chemical composition of Rhus coriaria L. fruit from Hamadan Western Iran. Journal of Herbal Drugs 6, 195-198.
  • Auerbach, R., Lewis, R., Shinners, B., Kubai, L., Akhtar, N., 2003. Angiogenesis assays: a critical overview. Clinical Chemistry 49, 32-40. [Crossref]
  • Batiha, G.E., Magdy Beshbishy, A., Adeyemi, O.S., Nadwa, E.H., Rashwan, E.K.M., Alkazmi, L.M., Elkelish, A.A., Igarashi, I., 2020. Phytochemical screening and antiprotozoal effects of the methanolic berberis vulgaris and acetonic Rhus coriaria extracts. Molecules 25, E550. [Crossref]
  • Beladjila, K.A., Berrehal, D., Kabouche, Z., Germanò, M.P., D’Angelo, V., De Tommasi, N., D’Andrea, F., Braca, A., De Leo, M., 2019. Antiangiogenic Activity of Compounds Isolated from Antiangiogenic activity of compounds isolated from Anarrhinum pedatum. Journal of Natural Products 82, 510-519. [Crossref]
  • Benkeblia, N., 2004. Antimicrobial activity of essential oil extracts of various onions (Allium cepa) and garlic (Allium sativum). LWT - Food Science and Technology 37, 263-268. [Crossref]
  • Bürgermeister, J., Paper, D.H., Vogl, H., Linhardt, R.J., Franz, G., 2002. LaPSvS1, a (1-->3)-beta-galactan sulfate and its effect on angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Carbohydrate Research 337, 1459-1466. [Crossref]
  • Candan, F., Sökmen, A., 2004. Effects of Rhus coriaria L. (Anacardiaceae) on Lipid Peroxidation and Free Radical Scavenging Activity. Phytotherapy Research 18, 84-86. [Crossref]
  • Carvalho, R.S., Carollo, C.A., de Magalhaes, J.C., Palumbo, J.M.C., Boaretto, A.G., Sa, I.C.N.E., . Ferraz, A.C., Lima, W.G., de Siqueira, J.M., Ferreira, J.M.S., 2018. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of phenolic compound-enriched ethyl acetate fraction from Cochlospermum regium (mart. Et. Schr.) Pilger roots: mechanisms of action and synergism with tannin and gallic acid. South African Journal of Botany 114, 181-187. [Crossref]
  • Catalgol, B., Batirel, S., Taga, Y., Ozer, N.K., 2012. Resveratrol: French paradox revisited. Frontier Pharmacology 3, 141. [Crossref]
  • Chakraborty, A., Ferk, F., Simić, T., Brantner, A., Dusinska, M., Kundi, M., Hoelzl, C., Nersesyan, A., Knasmüller, S., 2009. DNA- protective effects of Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.), a common spice: results of human and animal studies. Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 661, 10-17. [Crossref]
  • Chang, T.L., Wang, C.H., 2013. Combination of quercetin and tannic acid in inhibiting 26S proteasome affects S5a and 20S expression, and accumulation of ubiquitin resulted in apoptosis in cancer chemoprevention. Biological Chemistry 394, 561-575. [Crossref]
  • Chen, X., Beutler, J.A., McCloud, T.G., Loehfelm, A., Yang, L., Dong, H.F., Chertov, O.Y., Salcedo, R., Oppenheim, J.J., Howard, O.M., 2003. Tannic acid is an inhibitor of CXCL12 (SDF-1alpha)/CXCR4 with antiangiogenic activity. Clinical Cancer Research 9, 3115-3123.
  • Cimpean, A.M., Ribatti, D., Raica, M., 2008. The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane as a model to study tumor metastasis. Angiogenesis 11, 311-319. [Crossref]
  • D’Arcy, P.F., Howard, E.M., 1967. A new anti-inflammatory test, utilizing the chorio-allantoic membrane of the chick embryo. British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy 29: 378-387. [Crossref]
  • Do, Q.D., Angkawijaya, A.E., Tran-Nguyen, P.L., Huynh, L.H., Soetaredjo, F.E., Ismadji, S., Ju, Y.H., 2014. Effect of extraction solvent on total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of Limnophila aromatica. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 22, 296-302. [Crossref]
  • Dusane D.H., O’May C., Tufenkji N., 2015. Effect of tannic and gallic acids alone or in combination with carbenicillin or tetracycline on Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 growth, motility, and biofilm formation. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 61, 487. [Crossref]
  • El Hasasna, H., Saleh, A., Al Samri, H., Athamneh, K., Attoub, S., Arafat, K., Benhalilou, N., Alyan, S., Viallet, J., Al Dhaheri, Y., Eid, A., Iratni, R., 2016. Rhus coriaria suppresses angiogenesis, metastasis and tumor growth of breast cancer through inhibition of STAT3, NFκB and nitric oxide pathways. Scientific Reports 6, 21144. [Crossref]
  • Elagbar, Z.A., Shakya, A.K., Barhoumi, L.M., Al‐Jaber, H.I., 2020. Phytochemical Diversity and Pharmacological Properties of Rhus coriaria. Chemistry & Biodiversity 17, e1900561. [Crossref]
  • Folkman, J., 1971. Tumor angiogenesis: therapeutic implications. The New England Journal of Medicine 285, 1182-1186. [Crossref]
  • Geng, N., Zheng. X., Wu, M., Yang, L., Li, X., Chen, J., 2019. Tannic acid synergistically enhances the anticancer efficacy of cisplatin on liver cancer cells through mitochondriamediated apoptosis. Oncology Reports 42, 2108-2116. [Crossref]
  • Giancarlo, S., Rosa, L. M., Nadjafi, F., Francesco, M., 2006. Hypoglycaemic activity of two spices extracts: Rhus coriaria L. and Bunium persicum Boiss. Natural Product Research 20, 882-886. [Crossref]
  • Gurel-Gurevin, E., Kiyan, H.T., Esener, O.B.B., Aydinlik, S., Uvez, A., Ulukaya, E., Dimas, K., Armutak, EI., 2018. Chloroquine used in combination with chemotherapy synergistically suppresses growth and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Anticancer Research 38, 4011-4020. [Crossref]
  • Güner, A., 2012. Türkiye Bitkiler Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler), Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • IACUC, 2001. Policy on Protocol Approval for Use of Chicken Embryos and Eggs. An Association of New England Medical Center and Tufts.
  • Ikitimur-Armutak, E.I., Gurel-Gurevin, E., Kiyan, H.T., Aydinlik, S., Yilmaz, V.T., Dimas K., Ulukaya, E., 2017. Anti-angiogenic effect of a palladium(II)–saccharinate complex of terpyridine in vitro and in vivo. Microvascular Research 109, 26-33. [Crossref]
  • Krenn, L., Paper, D.H., 2009. Inhibition of angiogenesis and inflammation by an extract of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Phytomedicine 16, 1083-1088. [Crossref]
  • Kossah, C., Nsabimana, R., Zhang, H., Chen, W., 2010. Optimization of Extraction of Polyphenols from Syrian Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) and Chinese Sumac (Rhus typhina L.) Fruits. Research Journal of Phytochemistry 4, 146-153. [Crossref]
  • Koşar, M., Bozan, B., Temelli, F., Başer, K.H.C., 2007. Antioxidant activity and phenolic composition of sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) extracts. Food Chemistry 103, 952-959. [Crossref]
  • Koushki, M., Amiri-Dashatan, N., Ahmadi, N., Abbaszadeh, H.A., Rezaei-Tavirani, M., 2018. Resveratrol: a miraculous natural compound for diseases treatment. Food Science & Nutrition 6, 2473- 2490. [Crossref]
  • Köroğlu, A., 1989. Rhus coriaria L. (Sumak) bitkisi yaprak ve meyvaları üzerinde farkonognozik çalışmalar. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimi Enstitüsü. Ankara.
  • Kumar, M., Dhatwalia, S.K., Dhawan, D.K., 2016. Role of angiogenic factors of herbal origin in regulation of molecular pathways that control tumor angiogenesis. Tumor Biology 37, 14341-14354. [Crossref]
  • Kunnumakkara, A.B., Anand, P., Aggarwal, B.B., 2008. Curcumin inhibits proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis of different cancers through interaction with multiple cell signaling proteins. Cancer Letters 269, 199-225. [Crossref]
  • Kuo, Z.K., Lin, M.W., Lu, I.H., Yao, H.J., Wu, H.C., Wang, C.C., Lin, S.H., Wu, S.Y., Tong, T.S., Cheng, Y.C., Yen, J.H., Ko, C.H., Chiou, S.J., Pan, I.H., Tseng, H.W., 2016. Antiangiogenic and antihepatocellular carcinoma activities of the Juniperus chinensis extract. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 16, 277. [Crossref]
  • Mirian, M., Behrooeian, M., Ghanadian, M., Dana, N., Sadeghi-Aliabadi, H., 2015. Cytotoxicity and antiangiogenic effects of Rhus coriaria, Pistacia vera and Pistacia khinjuk oleoresin methanol extracts. Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, 233-40.
  • Moawad, R.K., Ibrahim, A.A., Abdelmaguid, N.M., Ibrahim W.A., Shehata, A.N., 2017. Preventive Effect of Olive Leaves Extract in Combination with Tannic Acid on the Quality Losses of the Refrigerated Ground Beef Patties. Asian Journal of Scientific Research, 10, 215-226. [Crossref]
  • Moazeni, M., Mohseni, M., 2012. Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.): Scolicidal activity on hydatid cyst protoscolices. Surgical Science 3, 452-456. [Crossref]
  • Mohammadi, S., Zarei, M., Zarei, M.M., Salehi, İ., 2016. Effect of hydroalcoholic leaves extract of Rhus Coriaria on pain in male rats. Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine 6, 1-5. [Crossref]
  • Nadeem, M., Imran, M., Aslam Gondal, T., Imran, A., Shahbaz, M., Muhammad Amir, R., Wasim Sajid, M., Batool Qaisrani, T., Atif, M., Hussain, G., Salehi, B., Adrian Ostrander, E., Martorell, M., Sharifi-Rad, J., C. Cho, W., Martins, N., 2019. Therapeutic potential of rosmarinic acid: A comprehensive review. Applied Sciences 9, 3139. [Crossref]
  • Naus, P.J., Henson, R., Bleeker, G., Wehbe, H., Meng, F., Patel, T., 2007. Tannic acid synergizes the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs in human cholangiocarcinoma by modulating drug efflux pathways. Journal of Hepatology 46, 222-229. [Crossref]
  • Ngo, T.V., Scarlett, C.J., Bowyer, M.C., Ngo, P.D., Vuong Q.V., 2017. Impact of different extraction solvents on bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity from the root of Salacia chinensis L. Journal of Food Quality DOI: 10.1155/2017/9305047 [Crossref]
  • NIH, 1991. The public Health service responds to commonly asked questions.Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare. ILAR News 33.4, 68–70. http://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/references/ilar91.htm. [Crossref]
  • Noureen. S., Noreen. S., Ghumman, S.A., Batool, F., Bukhari, S.N.A., 2019. The genus Cuscuta (Convolvolaceac): an updated review on indigenous uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 22, 1225-1252.
  • Özcan, M., 2003. Antioxidant activities of rosemary, sage, and sumac extracts and their combinations on stability of natural peanut oil. Journal of Medicinal Food 6, 267-270. [Crossref]
  • Özgürtaş, T., 2009. Anjiyogenezde bir in-vivo model: civciv koriyoallantoik membran. Gülhane Tıp Dergisi 51, 67-69.
  • Pandey, A., Tripathi, S., 2014. Concept of standardization, extraction and pre phytochemical screening strategies for herbal drug. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2, 115-119.
  • Parsania, M., Rezaee, M.B., Monavari, S.H., Jaimand, K., Mousavi Jazayeri, S.M., Razazian, M., Nadjarha, M.H., 2017. Evaluation of antiviral effects of sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) fruit extract on acyclovir resistant Herpes simplex virus type 1. Medical Sciences 27, 1-8.
  • Penumathsa, S.V., Maulik, N., 2009. Resveratrol: a promising agent in promoting cardioprotection against coronary heart disease. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 87, 275-286. [Crossref]
  • Pinelo, M., Rubilar, M., Sineiro, J., Núñez M.J., 2004. Extraction of antioxidant phenolics from almond hulls (Prunus amygdalus) and pine sawdust (Pinus pinaster). Food Chemistry 85, 267-273. [Crossref]
  • Rajabi, M., Mousa, S.A., 2017. The role of angiogenesis in cancer treatment. Biomedicines 5, 1-12. [Crossref]
  • Rekha, N.D., Aradhya, S. M., Jayashree K., 2015. The Antiangiogenic, Antioxidant And Proapoptotic Chemopreventive Properties of Tannins From Memecylon Malabaricum (Cl.) International Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences And Research 30, 259-266.
  • Ribatti, D., 2017. The chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Reproductive Toxicology 70, 97-101. [Crossref]
  • Ribatti, D., Nico, B., Crivellato, E., Roccaro, A.M., Vacca, A., 2007. The history of the angiogenic switch concept. Leukemia 21, 44-52. [Crossref]
  • Rivero, S., Garcia, M.A., Pinotti, A., 2010. Crosslinking capacity of tannic acid in plasticized chitosan films. Carbohydrate Polymers 82, 270-276. [Crossref]
  • Sakhr, K., El Khatib, S., 2020. Physiochemical properties and medicinal, nutritional and industrial applications of Lebanese Sumac (Syrian Sumac - Rhus coriaria): a review. Heliyon 6, e03207. [Crossref]
  • Singh, C.K., Ndiaye, M.A, Ahmad, N., 2015. Resveratrol and cancer: challenges for clinical translation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1852, 1178-1185. [Crossref]
  • Su, S.J., Yeh, T.M., Chuang, W.J., Ho, C.L., Chang, K.L., Cheng, H.L., Hsu, P.Y., Chow, N.H., 2005. The novel targets for anti-angiogenesis of genistein on human cancer cells. Biochemical Pharmacology 69, 307-318. [Crossref]
  • Türkan, F., Taslimi, P., Saltan, F. Z., 2019. Tannic acid as a natural antioxidant compound: discovery of a potent metabolic enzyme inhibitor for a new therapeutic approach in diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology 33, e22340. [Crossref]
  • Ünder, D., Saltan, F.Z., 2019. Sumak ve önemli biyolojik etkileri. Çukurova Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi 34, 51-60.
  • Vilhelmova-Ilieva, N., Galabov, A.S., Mileva, M., 2019. Tannins as Antiviral Agents. In: Aires, A. (Ed.) Tannins- Structural Properties, Biological Properties and Current Knowledge DOI: 10.5772/intechopen. 86490. [Crossref]
  • Wang, H., Zhou, H., Zou, Y., Liu, Q., Guo, C., Gao, G., Shao, C., Gong, Y., 2010. Resveratrol modulates angiogenesis through the GSK3β/β-catenin/TCF-dependent pathway in human endothelial cells. Biochemical Pharmacology 80, 1386-1395. [Crossref]
APA UVEZ A, KILIÇ Ş, ESENER O, Ünder D, Saltan F, DIMAS K, Armutak E (2021). Combinatorial Usage of Sumac Unriped Fruit Extract (Rhus Coriaria) and Tannic Acid Enhanced Synergistic Anti-Angiogenic Effect on Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay. , 2 - 9. 10.5152/actavet.2021.20019
Chicago UVEZ AYCA,KILIÇ ŞİMA,ESENER Osman Behzat Burak,Ünder Duygu,Saltan Fatma Zerrin,DIMAS KONSTANTINOS,Armutak Elif Ilkay Combinatorial Usage of Sumac Unriped Fruit Extract (Rhus Coriaria) and Tannic Acid Enhanced Synergistic Anti-Angiogenic Effect on Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay. (2021): 2 - 9. 10.5152/actavet.2021.20019
MLA UVEZ AYCA,KILIÇ ŞİMA,ESENER Osman Behzat Burak,Ünder Duygu,Saltan Fatma Zerrin,DIMAS KONSTANTINOS,Armutak Elif Ilkay Combinatorial Usage of Sumac Unriped Fruit Extract (Rhus Coriaria) and Tannic Acid Enhanced Synergistic Anti-Angiogenic Effect on Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay. , 2021, ss.2 - 9. 10.5152/actavet.2021.20019
AMA UVEZ A,KILIÇ Ş,ESENER O,Ünder D,Saltan F,DIMAS K,Armutak E Combinatorial Usage of Sumac Unriped Fruit Extract (Rhus Coriaria) and Tannic Acid Enhanced Synergistic Anti-Angiogenic Effect on Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay. . 2021; 2 - 9. 10.5152/actavet.2021.20019
Vancouver UVEZ A,KILIÇ Ş,ESENER O,Ünder D,Saltan F,DIMAS K,Armutak E Combinatorial Usage of Sumac Unriped Fruit Extract (Rhus Coriaria) and Tannic Acid Enhanced Synergistic Anti-Angiogenic Effect on Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay. . 2021; 2 - 9. 10.5152/actavet.2021.20019
IEEE UVEZ A,KILIÇ Ş,ESENER O,Ünder D,Saltan F,DIMAS K,Armutak E "Combinatorial Usage of Sumac Unriped Fruit Extract (Rhus Coriaria) and Tannic Acid Enhanced Synergistic Anti-Angiogenic Effect on Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay." , ss.2 - 9, 2021. 10.5152/actavet.2021.20019
ISNAD UVEZ, AYCA vd. "Combinatorial Usage of Sumac Unriped Fruit Extract (Rhus Coriaria) and Tannic Acid Enhanced Synergistic Anti-Angiogenic Effect on Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay". (2021), 2-9. https://doi.org/10.5152/actavet.2021.20019
APA UVEZ A, KILIÇ Ş, ESENER O, Ünder D, Saltan F, DIMAS K, Armutak E (2021). Combinatorial Usage of Sumac Unriped Fruit Extract (Rhus Coriaria) and Tannic Acid Enhanced Synergistic Anti-Angiogenic Effect on Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay. Acta Veterinaria Eurasia, 47(1), 2 - 9. 10.5152/actavet.2021.20019
Chicago UVEZ AYCA,KILIÇ ŞİMA,ESENER Osman Behzat Burak,Ünder Duygu,Saltan Fatma Zerrin,DIMAS KONSTANTINOS,Armutak Elif Ilkay Combinatorial Usage of Sumac Unriped Fruit Extract (Rhus Coriaria) and Tannic Acid Enhanced Synergistic Anti-Angiogenic Effect on Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay. Acta Veterinaria Eurasia 47, no.1 (2021): 2 - 9. 10.5152/actavet.2021.20019
MLA UVEZ AYCA,KILIÇ ŞİMA,ESENER Osman Behzat Burak,Ünder Duygu,Saltan Fatma Zerrin,DIMAS KONSTANTINOS,Armutak Elif Ilkay Combinatorial Usage of Sumac Unriped Fruit Extract (Rhus Coriaria) and Tannic Acid Enhanced Synergistic Anti-Angiogenic Effect on Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay. Acta Veterinaria Eurasia, vol.47, no.1, 2021, ss.2 - 9. 10.5152/actavet.2021.20019
AMA UVEZ A,KILIÇ Ş,ESENER O,Ünder D,Saltan F,DIMAS K,Armutak E Combinatorial Usage of Sumac Unriped Fruit Extract (Rhus Coriaria) and Tannic Acid Enhanced Synergistic Anti-Angiogenic Effect on Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay. Acta Veterinaria Eurasia. 2021; 47(1): 2 - 9. 10.5152/actavet.2021.20019
Vancouver UVEZ A,KILIÇ Ş,ESENER O,Ünder D,Saltan F,DIMAS K,Armutak E Combinatorial Usage of Sumac Unriped Fruit Extract (Rhus Coriaria) and Tannic Acid Enhanced Synergistic Anti-Angiogenic Effect on Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay. Acta Veterinaria Eurasia. 2021; 47(1): 2 - 9. 10.5152/actavet.2021.20019
IEEE UVEZ A,KILIÇ Ş,ESENER O,Ünder D,Saltan F,DIMAS K,Armutak E "Combinatorial Usage of Sumac Unriped Fruit Extract (Rhus Coriaria) and Tannic Acid Enhanced Synergistic Anti-Angiogenic Effect on Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay." Acta Veterinaria Eurasia, 47, ss.2 - 9, 2021. 10.5152/actavet.2021.20019
ISNAD UVEZ, AYCA vd. "Combinatorial Usage of Sumac Unriped Fruit Extract (Rhus Coriaria) and Tannic Acid Enhanced Synergistic Anti-Angiogenic Effect on Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay". Acta Veterinaria Eurasia 47/1 (2021), 2-9. https://doi.org/10.5152/actavet.2021.20019