COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society

Yıl: 2020 Cilt: 21 Sayı: 6 Sayfa Aralığı: 419 - 432 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20174 İndeks Tarihi: 30-06-2021

COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society

Öz:
It has been more than 3 months now since the first case of COVID-19 was reported in Turkey. Globally, the number of confirmed cases and deaths reached 9,653,048 and 491,128 respectively, as reported by 216 countries by June 27, 2020. Turkey had 1,396 new cases, 194,511 total cases, and 5,065 deaths by the same date. From the first case until today, the Turkish Thoracic Society (TTS) has been very proactive in educating doctors, increasing public awareness, undertaking academic studies, and assisting with public health policies. In the present report, social, academic, and management perspectives of the pandemic are presented under appropriate subtitles. During this critical public health crisis, TTS has once again demonstrated its readiness and constructive stance by supporting public health, healthcare workers, and the environment. This review summarizes the perspective of TTS on each aspect of the COVID-19 pandemic and casts light on its contributions.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Derleme Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • 1. Aktan CC, Tutar H. Kurum kültürünün oluşumu. Available from: http://www.canaktan.org/yonetim/kurumsal-kultur/etkiler.htm.
  • 2. Demir O. Güçlü bir kurum kültürü için yapılması gerekenler. Available from: https://hbrturkiye.com/yazar/ozkan-demir. 3. Türk Toraks Derneği Tüzüğü in Türk Toraks Derneği Hedefleri Politikaları ve Örgütsel İşleyiş El Kitabı. Ankara: Sentez Matbaacılık ve Yayıncılık; 2018.p.9-27.
  • 4. Türk Toraks Derneği Sağlık Politikaları Temel İlkeleri in Türk Toraks Derneği Hedefleri Politikaları ve Örgütsel İşleyiş El Kitabı. Ankara: Sentez Matbaacılık ve Yayıncılık; 2018.p.31-37.
  • 5. Türk Toraks Derneği Çevre Politikası in Türk Toraks Derneği Hedefleri Politikaları ve Örgütsel İşleyiş El Kitabı. Ankara: Sentez Matbaacılık ve Yayıncılık; 2018.p.37-39.
  • 6. Türk Toraks Derneği Sürekli Tıp Eğitimi (STE) İlkeleri in Türk Toraks Derneği Hedefleri Politikaları ve Örgütsel İşleyiş El Kitabı. Ankara: Sentez Matbaacılık ve Yayıncılık; 2018.p.27-31.
  • 7. Türk Toraks Derneği Endüstri İlişkilerinde Temel İlkeler in Türk Toraks Derneği Hedefleri Politikaları ve Örgütsel İşleyiş El Kitabı. Ankara: Sentez Matbaacılık ve Yayıncılık; 2018.p.39-45.
  • 8. Gordis L. Epidemiology. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company; 1996.
  • 9. World Health Organization (WHO). Global surveillance for COVID-19 caused by human infection with COVID-19 virus: Interim guidance 20 March 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/global-surveillance-for-human-infection-with-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov).
  • 10. Zylke JW, Bauchner H. Mortality and morbidity the measure of a pandemic. JAMA 2020; 4;324:458-9. [CrossRef]
  • 11. Woolf SH, Chapman DA, Sabo RT, et al. Excess deaths from COVID-19 and other causes, March-April 2020. JAMA 2020;324:510-3. [CrossRef]
  • 12. İstanbul Metropolitan Municipality Annual Death Rate Information. Available from: https://www.turkiye.gov.tr/İstanbul-buyuksehir-belediyesi-vefat-sorgulama.
  • 13. Trabzon Metropolitan Municipality Annual Death Rate Information. Available from: https://www.trabzon.bel.tr/vefat-edenler.aspx.
  • 14. Elbek O. COVID-19 Outbreak and Turkey. Turk Thorac J 2020; 21: 215-6.
  • 15. World Health Organization (WHO). Closing the gap in a generation Health equity through action on the social determinants of health. Geneva, 2008.
  • 16. Frieden TR. The future of public health. N Eng J Med 2015;373:1748-54. [CrossRef]
  • 17. Altieri MA, Nicholis CI. Agroecology and the future of agriculture after the COVID-19. Duvar Journal 2020. Available from: https://www.gazeteduvar.com.tr/dunya-forum/2020/05/16/agroekoloji-ve-covid19-sonrasi-tarimin-gelecegi.
  • 18. Smith JA, Juoo J. COVID-19: Vulnerability and power of privilege in a pandemic. Health Prom 2020;31:158-160. [CrossRef]
  • 19. Mehtar S, Preiser W, Lakhe NA, et al. Limiting the spread of COVID-19 in Africa: One size mitigation strategies do not fit all countries. Lancet Glob Health 2020;8:881-3. [CrossRef]
  • 20. Cash R, Patel V. Has COVID-19 subverted global health? Lancet 2020;395: 1687-8. [CrossRef]
  • 21. Zhu Y, Xie J, Huang F, Cao L. Association between short-term exposure to air pollution and COVID-19 infection: Evidence from China. Sci Total Environ 2020;727:138704. [CrossRef]
  • 22. Xiao Wu, Nethery RC, Sabath BM, et al. Exposure to air pollution and COVID-19 mortality in the United States. medRxiv 2020.04.05.20054502. [Epub ahead of print].
  • 23. Impact of COVID-19 on Air Pollution and Climate Crisis Assessment Report. Union of Chambers of Turkish Engineers and Architects Chamber of Environmental Engineers. 2020 April. Available from: http://İstanbul.cmo.org.tr/.
  • 24. Müderrisoğlu O. İstanbul Türkiye’nin Vuhan’ı oldu. Sabah Journal. Available from: https://www.sabah.com.tr/yazarlar/muderrisoglu/2020/04/24/İstanbul-turkiyenin-vuhani-oldu.
  • 25. Global Monitoring Laboratory Earth System Research Laboratories. Available from: https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/news.php.
  • 26. The Environment Policy Statement of Turkish Thoracic Society. Turk Thorac J 2015;16:157. [CrossRef]
  • 27. Anadolu Agency. Minister of Health Koca: Turkey currently passing over peak of pandemic (Sağlık Bakanı Koca: Türkiye koronavirüs sınavından şu ana dek yüzünün akıyla çıktı 2020). Available from: https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/koronavirus/saglik-bakani-koca-turkiye-koronavirus-sinavindan-su-ana-dek-yuzunun-akiyla-cikti/1823043.
  • 28. Rebuplic of Turkey Ministry of Health. Current Situation in Turkey (T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı, Türkiye’deki Güncel Durum 2020. Available from: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/.
  • 29. International Council of Nurses. International Council of Nurses calls for data on healthcare worker infection rates and deaths, 2020. https://www.icn.ch/sites/default/files/inline-files/PR_20_Infections%20and%20deaths%20from%20COVID-19%20among%20nurses.pdf.
  • 30. Koh D. Occupational risks for COVID-19 infection. Occup med 2020;70:3-5. [CrossRef]
  • 31. Bahl P, Doolan C, de Silva C, et al. Airborne or Droplet Precautions for Health Workers Treating Coronavirus Disease 2019? J Infect Dis 2020;28:826-30. [CrossRef]
  • 32. Rebuplic of Turkey Ministry of Health. Infection prevention and control measures in healthcare settings 2020. Available from: https://covid19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/tr/enfeksiyon-kontrol-onlemleri.
  • 33. ECDC. Infection prevention and control and preparedness for COVID-19 in healthcare settings 2020. Available from: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/Infection-prevention-control-for-the-care-of-patients-with-2019-nCoV-healthcare-settings_third-update.pdf.
  • 34. World Health Organization (WHO). Infection prevention and control during health care when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/infection-prevention-and-control-during-health-care-when-novel-coronavirus-(ncov)-infection-is-suspected-20200125.
  • 35. CDC. Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Healthcare Settings 2020. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/infection-control-recommendations.html#take_precautions.
  • 36. Ferioli M, Cisternino C, Leo V, et al. Protecting healthcare workers from SARS-CoV-2 infection: practical indications. Eur Respir Rev 2020;29:200068. [CrossRef]
  • 37. Rebuplic of Turkey Ministry of Health COVID-19 Interim Guidance (T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 Enfeksiyonu) Rehberi) 2020. Available from: https://covid19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/depo/rehberler/COVID-19_Rehberi.pdf?type=file.
  • 38. Turkish Medical Association. Preliminary report of the Risk Assessment Survey of Healthcare Professionals’ Exposure to COVID-19 was announced (TTB. Sağlık Çalışanlarının COVID-19 Virüsüne Maruz Kalımına İlişkin Risk Değerlendirmesi anketinin ön raporu açıklandı) 2020 [12.05.2020]. Available from: https://www.ttb.org.tr/haber_goster.php?Guid=1af85302-6da7-11ea-a219-c213173be5c8.
  • 39. Turkish Thoracic Society Occupational Lung Diseases Working Group. (Türk Toraks Derneği Mesleki Akciğer Hastalıkları Çalışma Grubu. Survey Results of the Status of Protective Measures in Healthcare Institutions, Unpublished Data (Türk Toraks Derneği’nin Sağlık Kurumları’nda Koruyucu Önlemlerin Durumu Üstüne Anket Sonuçları, Yayımlanmamış Veriler). Ankara: Türk Toraks Derneği, 2020.
  • 40. Turkish Medical Association. COVID-19 Pandemic Second Month Report: The process is not being managed transparently! (TTB’den COVID-19 Pandemisi İkinci Ay Raporu: Süreç şeffaf yönetilmiyor!) 2020. Available from: https://www.ttb.org.tr/haber_goster.php?Guid=aed68ece-95e1-11ea-baf3-777c09b98775.
  • 41. ISSA. Responses to the Covid-19 Crisis, Can COVID-19 be considered an occupational disease? 2020. Available from: https://ww1.issa.int/news/can-covid-19-be-considered-occupational-disease.
  • 42. Agence fédérale des risques professionnels (FEDRIS) COVID-19. Available from: https://www.fedris.be/fr/FAQ_FR-Covid-19#h2_0.
  • 43. International Labour Organization (ILO). Global Summit: COVID-19 and the World of Work. Available from: https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/geip/news/WCMS_741984/lang--en/index.htm.
  • 44. Official Gazette of the Republic of Turkey. Implementing Regulation on the Determination of Loss on Work Power and Disability (T.C. Resmi Gazete Çalışma Gücü ve Meslekte Kazanma Gücü Kaybı oranı tespit işlemleri Yönetmeliği). 11.10.2008. Sayı: 27021, Başbakanlık Basımevi, Ankara
  • 45. 5510 sayılı Sosyal Sigortalar Ve Genel Sağlık Sigortası Kanunu https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2006/06/20060616-1.htm.
  • 46. World Health Organization (WHO). Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/burden/vpd/surveillance_type/active/en/.
  • 47. Şiddetle Başa Çıkmak (Dealing with Violence). Türk Tabipleri Birliği Yayınları. Nisan 2019. Available from: https://www.ttb.org.tr/kollar/_siddet/yayin_goster.php?Guid=da7f5740-7d4b-11e9-84f2-80b300e682d7.
  • 48. World Medical Association. WMA Leader Issues Warnıng Over Vıolence Agaınst Physıcıans And Healthcare. 2017. Available from: https://www.wma.net/news-post/wma-leader-issues-warning-over-violence-againstphysicians-and-healthcare/.
  • 49. World Health Organization (WHO). Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak Rights, Roles and Responsibilities Of Health Workers İncluding Key Considerations For Occupational Safety And Health 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/coronavirus-disease-(covid-19)-outbreak-rights-roles-and-responsibilities-ofhealth-workers-including-key-considerations-for-occupational-safety-and-health.
  • 50. Hamzaoğlu N, Türk B. Prevalence of physical and verbal violence against health care workers in Turkey Int J Health Serv 2019;49:844-861. [CrossRef]
  • 51. Erdur B. Assessment of the relation of violence and burnout among physicians working in the emergency departments in Turkey. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2015;21:175-81
  • 52. Turkish Health Services Main Law. Available from: https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=3359&MevzuatTur=1&MevzuatTertip=5.
  • 53. World Health Organizaiton (WHO). WHO Announces COVID-19 Outbreak A Pandemic. Available from: http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-emergencies/coronavirus-covid 19/news/news/2020/3/who-announces-covid-19-outbreak-a-pandemic
  • 54. Rebuplic of Turkey Ministry of Health, National Preparation Plan for Pandemic Influenza. Available from: https://grip.gov.tr/depo/saglik-calisanlari/ulusal_pandemi_plani.pdf.
  • 55. Turkish Medical Association. Evaluatıon Report of Two Months of COVID-19 Pandemic (Türk Tabipleri Birliği Covıd-19 Pandemisi İki Aylık Değerlendirme Raporu) 23-28. Available from: (https://www.ttb.org.tr/userfiles/files/covid19-rapor.pdf).
  • 56. Turkish Thoracic Society Health Professional Website. Available from: https://www.toraks.org.tr/.
  • 57. Turkish Thoracic Society Public Health Website. Available from: https://www.toraks.org.tr/halk/.
  • 58. Turkish Thoracic Society YouTube channel. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/user/TurkToraksDernegi/videos.
  • 59. Turkish Thoracic Society, COVID-19 Electronic books. 2020. Available from: https://www.toraks.org.tr/book.aspx?list=2527&menu=380&menu=3808.
  • 60. Of the Epidemics by Hippocrates. Written 400 B.C.E. Translated by Francis Adams. Available from: http://classics.mit.edu/Hippocrates/epidemics.1.i.html
  • 61. Rochwerg B, Parke R, Murthy S, et al. Misinformation during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 outbreak: How knowledge emerges from noise? Crit Care Expl 2020;2:e0098. [CrossRef]
  • 62. Retracted coronavirus (COVID-19) papers. Available from: https://retractionwatch.com/retracted-coronavirus-covid-19-papers/.
  • 63. World Health Organization (WHO). WHO website for COVID-19. Available from: www.who.int/ health-topics/coronavirus
  • 64. JAMA Network COVID-19 Research Center. Available from: www.jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/pages/coronavirus-alert.
  • 65. COVID-19 Literature Reviews (Volume I), TTS The Early Career Task Force Group, TTS COVID-19 E-Books, 2020. Available from: https://www.toraks.org.tr/uploadFiles/book/file/COVID-19-Makale-Ozetleri-Birinci-Cilt.pdf.
  • 66. COVID-19 Literature Reviews (Volume II), TTS The Early Career Task Force Group, TTS COVID-19 E-Books, 2020. Available from: https://www.toraks.org.tr/uploadFiles/book/file/COVID-19-Makale-Ozetleri-Ikinci-Cilt.pdf.
  • 67. COVID-19 Literature Reviews (Volume III), TTS The Early Career Task Force Group, TTS COVID-19 E-Books, 2020. Available from: https://www.toraks.org.tr/uploadFiles/book/file/COVID-19-Makale-Ozetleri-Ucuncu-Cilt-2.pdf.
  • 68. Torsten Wilholt. Scientific freedom: Its grounds and their limitations. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A 2010;41:174-81. [CrossRef]
  • 69. COVID 19 and Clinical Trials: The Medidata Perspective. Release 5.0. 2020:1-15.
  • 70. Upadhaya S, Yu JX, Oliva C, et al. Impact of COVID-19 on oncology clinical trials. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2020;19:376-7. [CrossRef]
  • 71. Waterhouse DM, Harvey RD, Hurley P, et al. Early Impact of COVID-19 on the Conduct of Oncology Clinical Trials and Long-Term Opportunities for Transformation: Findings from an American Society of Clinical Oncology Survey. JCO Oncol Pract 2020;16:417-21. [CrossRef]
  • 72. McDermott MM, Newman AB. Preserving clinical trial integrity during the coronavirus pandemic. JAMA 10.1001/jama.2020.4689 [Epub Ahead of Print]
  • 73. European Medicine Agency (EMA): Guidance on the management of clinical trials during the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) pandemic. Available from: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/ implications-coronavirus-disease-covid-19-methodological-aspects-ongoing-clinicaltrials.
  • 74. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA): Guidance on conduct of clinical trials of medical products during COVID-19 pandemic: Guidance for industry, investigators, and institutional review boards. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/media/136238/
  • 75. American Society of Clinical Oncology: ASCO clinical trial site survey on the early effects of COVID-19 on clinical trials: Report of the findings. Available from: https://www.asco.org/sites/new-www.asco.org/files/content-files/research-and-progress/documents /ASCO-COVID-19-Trial-Site-Survey-Report-042020.pdf
  • 76. Heads of Medicines Agencies. National Guidance on Clinical Trials Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Available from: https://www.hma.eu/fileadmin/dateien/Human_Medicines/01About_HMA/Working_Groups/CTFG/2020_04_CTFG_Link_to_National_guidance_on_Clinial Trials_management during the COVID-19 pandemia.pdf
  • 77. Rebuplic of Turkey Ministry of Health. Precautions in Clinical Researches During COVID-19 Pandemic (T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. COVID-19 Pandemisi Nedeniyle Klinik Araştırmalarda Alınacak Tedbirler). Available from: https://www.turkiye.gov.tr/saglik-titck/2020_03_19
  • 78. Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative: Webinar recording available: Listen to best practices on conducting clinical trials during COVID-19. Available from: https://www.ctticlinicaltrials.org/news/webinar-recording-available-listen-best-practices-conducting-clinical-trials-during-covid-19
  • 79. Mclntosh K. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Epidemiology, virology, clinical features, diagnosis, and prevention. Available from: https://www.uptodate.com/contents/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19-epidemiology-virology-clinical-features-diagnosis-and-prevention
  • 80. Laboratory testing for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in suspected human cases. Interim guidance. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/laboratory-testing-for-2019-novel-coronavirus-in-suspected-human-cases-20200117
  • 81. Standardized surveillance case definition and national notification for 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Available from: https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.cste.org/resource/resmgr/2020ps/interim-20-id 01_covid-19.pdf
  • 82. WHO Timeline - COVID-19. Available from https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/27-04-2020-who-timeline---covid-19
  • 83. Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for disease control and prevention. JAMA 2020 Feb 24. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.2648 [Epub ahead of print]. [CrossRef]
  • 84. Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med 2020;382:1708-20. [CrossRef]
  • 85. Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, et al. Epidemiologicalandclinicalcharacteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet 2020;395(10223):507-13. [CrossRef]
  • 86. Rebuplic of Turkey Ministry of Health. Numbers of Intensive Care Unit Beds in Turkey (Yoğun bakım yatak sayıları). Available from: https://rapor.saglik.gov.tr/istatistik/rapor/
  • 87. Rebuplic of Turkey Ministry of Health. Intensive Care Bed Occupancy Rate Decreased to 60 % (Yoğun Bakım Yatak Doluluk Oranımızı Yüzde 60’lara İndirdik). Available from: https://www.saglik.gov.tr/TR,65192/yogun-bakim-yatak-doluluk-oranimizi-yuzde-60lara-indirdik.html
  • 88. Dong Y, Mo X, Hu Y, et al. Epidemiology of COVID-19 Among Children in China. Pediatrics 2020;145:e20200702 [CrossRef]
  • 89. Lu X, Zhang L, Du H, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. N Engl J Med 2020;382:1663-5. [CrossRef]
  • 90. Livingston E, Bucher K. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Italy. JAMA 2020;323:1335. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.4344. [CrossRef]
  • 91. Parri N, Lenge M, Buonsenso D. Coronavirus Infection in Pediatric Emergency Departments (CONFIDENCE) Research Group. Children with COVID-19 in Pediatric Emergency Departments in Italy. N Engl J Med 2020;383:187-90. [CrossRef]
  • 92. CDC COVID-19 Response Team. Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children - United States, February 12-April 2, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:422-6. [CrossRef]
  • 93. Castagnoli R, Votto M, Licari A, et al. Severe Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children and adolescents: A systematic review. JAMA Pediatr 2020;174:882-9. [CrossRef]
  • 94. Kamboj M, Sepkowitz KA. Nosocomial infections in patients with cancer. The Lancet Oncology 2009;10:589-97. [CrossRef]
  • 95. Dai M, Liu D, Liu M, et al, Patients with cancer appear more vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2: A multi-center study during the COVID-19 outbreak. Cancer Discov 2020;10:783-91. [CrossRef]
  • 96. Available from: https://www.abstractsonline.com/pp8/#!/9045/presentation/10927
  • 97. Lung Cancer Study Group, Chinese Thoracic Society, Chinese Medical Association; Chinese Respiratory Oncology Collaboration. Expert recommendations on the management of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer during epidemic of COVID-19 (Trial version). Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases 2020;43:E031.
  • 98. Zhao Z, Bai H, Duan JC, Wang J. Individualized treatment recommendations for lung cancer patients at different stages of treatment during the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease epidemic. Chin J Oncol 2020;42(0):E007.
  • 99. Xu Y, Liu H, Hu K, Wang M. Clinical Management of Lung Cancer Patients during the Outbreak of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Chinese journal of lung cancer 2020;23:136-41.
  • 100. Mazzone PJ, Gould PK, Arenberg DA, et al. Management of lung nodules and lung cancer screening during the COVID-19 pandemic: CHEST expert panel report. Chest 2020;158:406-15. [CrossRef]
  • 101. Li X, Liu M, Zhao Q, et al. Preliminary Recommendations for Lung Surgery during 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic Period. Chinese journal of lung cancer 2020;23(3):133-5.
  • 102. Banna G, Curioni-Fontecedro A, Friedlaender A, Addeo A. How we treat patients with lung cancer during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Primum non nocere. ESMO open 2020;5: e000765. [CrossRef]
  • 103. ESMO, Management and Treatment Adapted Recommendatıons in the Covid-19 Era: Lung Cancer. Available from: https://www.esmo.org/guidelines/cancer-patient-management-during-the-covid-19-pandemic/lung-cancer-in-the-covid-19-era
  • 104. NCCN, Short-Term Recommendations for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Version 1 (4/29/2020) Available from: https://www.nccn.org/covid-19/pdf/COVID_NSCLC.pdf
  • 105. Johnston SL. Asthma and COVID-19:is athma a risk factor for severe outcomes? Allergy 2020;75:1543-5. [CrossRef]
  • 106. Zhang JJ, Dong X, Cao YY, et al. Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China. Allergy 2020;75:1730-41. [CrossRef]
  • 107. Zhang JJ, Cao YY, Dong X, et al. Distinct characteristics of COVID-19 patients with initial rRT-PCR positive and negative results for SARS-CoV-2. Allergy 2020;doi:10.1111/all.14316 [Epub ahead of print]. [CrossRef]
  • 108. Garg S, Kim L, Whitaker M, et al. Hospitalization Rates and Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized with Laboratory-Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 - COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1-30, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:458-64. [CrossRef]
  • 109. Zhao Q, Meng M, Kumar R, Wu Y, Huang J, Lian N, Deng Y, Lin S. The impact of COPD and smoking history on the severity of Covid-19: A systemic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol. 2020;doi: 10.1002/jmv.25889. [Epub ahead of print]. [CrossRef]
  • 110. Halpin DMG, Singh D, Hadfield RM. Inhaled corticosteroids and COVID-19: a systematic review and clinical perspective. Eur Respir J 2020; doi:10.1183/13993003.01009-2020 [Epub ahead of print]. [CrossRef]
  • 111. Çelebioğlu E. Asthma and COVID-19. Asthma Allergy Immunol 2020;18:56-7. [CrossRef]
  • 112. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA 2020;323:1061. [CrossRef]
  • 113. Lippi G, Henry BM. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COKöktürk VID-19). Respir Med 2020;167:105941. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2020.105941. [CrossRef]
  • 114. Zhao Q, Meng M, Kumar R, et al. The impact of COPD and smoking history on the severity of Covid-19: A systemic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol 2020; doi: 10.1002/jmv.25889 [Epub ahead of print]. [CrossRef]
  • 115. Javanmardi F, Keshavarzi A, Akbari A, et al. Prevalence of underlying diseases in died cases of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2020;15:e0241265. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241265. [CrossRef]
  • 116. Wang B, Li R, Lu Z, Huang Y. Does comorbidity increase the risk of patients with COVID-19: evidence from meta-analysis. Aging 2020;2:6049-57. [CrossRef]
  • 117. Simmonet A, Chetboun M, Poissy J, et al. Lille Intensive Care COVID-19 and Obesity study group. High prevalence of obesity in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. Obesity 2020 Apr 9. doi: 10.1002/oby.22831. [Epub ahead of print]. [CrossRef]
  • 118. McSharry D, Malhotra A. Potential influences of obstructive sleep apnea and obesity on COVID-19 severity. J Clin Sleep Med 2020 May 1. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.8538. [Epub ahead of print]. [CrossRef]
  • 119. Baker JG, Sovani M. Case for continuing community NIV and CPAP during the COVID-19 epidemic. Thorax 2020;75:368. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-214913. Epub 2020 Apr 9. [CrossRef]
  • 120. Craig S, West S with the OSA Alliance. Guidance regarding coronavirus (COVID-19) and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA): for people who routinely use continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), their families and health care workers. Available from: https://brit-thoracic.org.uk/media/455098/osa-alliance-cpap-covid-19-advice-20-3-20-v10.pdf
  • 121. Kryger MH, Thomas R. Home PAP devices in COVID-19 infected patients. J Clin Sleep Med 2020;16:1217-9. [CrossRef]
APA Kokturk N, İtil B, Altinisik G, ADIGÜZEL N, Akgün M, AKYILDIZ L, ALTIN S, Arikan H, ATES G, AY N, Aykaç N, Babayigit C, bostan p, CINEL G, Çalışır H, ÇELİK P, duru cetinkaya p, Dagli E, demir a, DEMIR C, Dikensoy O, ÇAKIR EDİS E, Elbek O, ERDINC M, ergan b, Öner Eyüboğlu F, Gemicioglu B, Göksel T, Gulhan S, Gültekin Ö, Gunduz Gurkan C, gurgun a, HAVLUCU Y, Basoglu O, KARAKURT S, Karakurt Z, KILINC O, Kocabas A, Kul S, Musellim B, Naycı S, Özkan M, Pinarer O, Salturk C, Sandal A, Sayiner A, Doğan E, ŞİMŞEK G, Karadağ B, Tokgoz Akyil F, TOREYIN N, Uçan E, UYANUSTA F, Varol A, Yasin Y, Yıldız T, yorgancıoglu a, Bayram H (2020). COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society. , 419 - 432. 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20174
Chicago Kokturk Nurdan,İtil Bahriye Oya,Altinisik Goksel,ADIGÜZEL Nalan,Akgün Metin,AKYILDIZ Levent,ALTIN SEDAT,Arikan Huseyin,ATES GUNGOR,AY NADIYE PINAR,Aykaç Nilüfer,Babayigit Cenk,bostan pinar,CINEL GUZIN,Çalışır Haluk Celaleddin,ÇELİK PINAR,duru cetinkaya pelin,Dagli Elif,demir ahmet,DEMIR CANAN,Dikensoy Oner,ÇAKIR EDİS EBRU,Elbek Osman,ERDINC MUNEVVER,ergan begum,Öner Eyüboğlu Füsun,Gemicioglu Bilun,Göksel Tuncay,Gulhan Selim Sakir Erkmen,Gültekin Ökkeş,Gunduz Gurkan Canan,gurgun alev,HAVLUCU YAVUZ,Basoglu Ozen K,KARAKURT SAİT,Karakurt Zuhal,KILINC OGUZ,Kocabas Ali,Kul Seval,Musellim Benan,Naycı Sibel,Özkan Metin,Pinarer Ozgun,Salturk Cuneyt,Sandal Abdulsamet,Sayiner Abdullah,Doğan Elif,ŞİMŞEK Gökçen,Karadağ Bülent,Tokgoz Akyil Fatma,TOREYIN NUR,Uçan Eyüp Sabri,UYANUSTA Filiz Çağla,Varol Ayhan,Yasin Yesim,Yıldız Tekin,yorgancıoglu arzu,Bayram Hasan COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society. (2020): 419 - 432. 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20174
MLA Kokturk Nurdan,İtil Bahriye Oya,Altinisik Goksel,ADIGÜZEL Nalan,Akgün Metin,AKYILDIZ Levent,ALTIN SEDAT,Arikan Huseyin,ATES GUNGOR,AY NADIYE PINAR,Aykaç Nilüfer,Babayigit Cenk,bostan pinar,CINEL GUZIN,Çalışır Haluk Celaleddin,ÇELİK PINAR,duru cetinkaya pelin,Dagli Elif,demir ahmet,DEMIR CANAN,Dikensoy Oner,ÇAKIR EDİS EBRU,Elbek Osman,ERDINC MUNEVVER,ergan begum,Öner Eyüboğlu Füsun,Gemicioglu Bilun,Göksel Tuncay,Gulhan Selim Sakir Erkmen,Gültekin Ökkeş,Gunduz Gurkan Canan,gurgun alev,HAVLUCU YAVUZ,Basoglu Ozen K,KARAKURT SAİT,Karakurt Zuhal,KILINC OGUZ,Kocabas Ali,Kul Seval,Musellim Benan,Naycı Sibel,Özkan Metin,Pinarer Ozgun,Salturk Cuneyt,Sandal Abdulsamet,Sayiner Abdullah,Doğan Elif,ŞİMŞEK Gökçen,Karadağ Bülent,Tokgoz Akyil Fatma,TOREYIN NUR,Uçan Eyüp Sabri,UYANUSTA Filiz Çağla,Varol Ayhan,Yasin Yesim,Yıldız Tekin,yorgancıoglu arzu,Bayram Hasan COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society. , 2020, ss.419 - 432. 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20174
AMA Kokturk N,İtil B,Altinisik G,ADIGÜZEL N,Akgün M,AKYILDIZ L,ALTIN S,Arikan H,ATES G,AY N,Aykaç N,Babayigit C,bostan p,CINEL G,Çalışır H,ÇELİK P,duru cetinkaya p,Dagli E,demir a,DEMIR C,Dikensoy O,ÇAKIR EDİS E,Elbek O,ERDINC M,ergan b,Öner Eyüboğlu F,Gemicioglu B,Göksel T,Gulhan S,Gültekin Ö,Gunduz Gurkan C,gurgun a,HAVLUCU Y,Basoglu O,KARAKURT S,Karakurt Z,KILINC O,Kocabas A,Kul S,Musellim B,Naycı S,Özkan M,Pinarer O,Salturk C,Sandal A,Sayiner A,Doğan E,ŞİMŞEK G,Karadağ B,Tokgoz Akyil F,TOREYIN N,Uçan E,UYANUSTA F,Varol A,Yasin Y,Yıldız T,yorgancıoglu a,Bayram H COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society. . 2020; 419 - 432. 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20174
Vancouver Kokturk N,İtil B,Altinisik G,ADIGÜZEL N,Akgün M,AKYILDIZ L,ALTIN S,Arikan H,ATES G,AY N,Aykaç N,Babayigit C,bostan p,CINEL G,Çalışır H,ÇELİK P,duru cetinkaya p,Dagli E,demir a,DEMIR C,Dikensoy O,ÇAKIR EDİS E,Elbek O,ERDINC M,ergan b,Öner Eyüboğlu F,Gemicioglu B,Göksel T,Gulhan S,Gültekin Ö,Gunduz Gurkan C,gurgun a,HAVLUCU Y,Basoglu O,KARAKURT S,Karakurt Z,KILINC O,Kocabas A,Kul S,Musellim B,Naycı S,Özkan M,Pinarer O,Salturk C,Sandal A,Sayiner A,Doğan E,ŞİMŞEK G,Karadağ B,Tokgoz Akyil F,TOREYIN N,Uçan E,UYANUSTA F,Varol A,Yasin Y,Yıldız T,yorgancıoglu a,Bayram H COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society. . 2020; 419 - 432. 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20174
IEEE Kokturk N,İtil B,Altinisik G,ADIGÜZEL N,Akgün M,AKYILDIZ L,ALTIN S,Arikan H,ATES G,AY N,Aykaç N,Babayigit C,bostan p,CINEL G,Çalışır H,ÇELİK P,duru cetinkaya p,Dagli E,demir a,DEMIR C,Dikensoy O,ÇAKIR EDİS E,Elbek O,ERDINC M,ergan b,Öner Eyüboğlu F,Gemicioglu B,Göksel T,Gulhan S,Gültekin Ö,Gunduz Gurkan C,gurgun a,HAVLUCU Y,Basoglu O,KARAKURT S,Karakurt Z,KILINC O,Kocabas A,Kul S,Musellim B,Naycı S,Özkan M,Pinarer O,Salturk C,Sandal A,Sayiner A,Doğan E,ŞİMŞEK G,Karadağ B,Tokgoz Akyil F,TOREYIN N,Uçan E,UYANUSTA F,Varol A,Yasin Y,Yıldız T,yorgancıoglu a,Bayram H "COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society." , ss.419 - 432, 2020. 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20174
ISNAD Kokturk, Nurdan vd. "COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society". (2020), 419-432. https://doi.org/10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20174
APA Kokturk N, İtil B, Altinisik G, ADIGÜZEL N, Akgün M, AKYILDIZ L, ALTIN S, Arikan H, ATES G, AY N, Aykaç N, Babayigit C, bostan p, CINEL G, Çalışır H, ÇELİK P, duru cetinkaya p, Dagli E, demir a, DEMIR C, Dikensoy O, ÇAKIR EDİS E, Elbek O, ERDINC M, ergan b, Öner Eyüboğlu F, Gemicioglu B, Göksel T, Gulhan S, Gültekin Ö, Gunduz Gurkan C, gurgun a, HAVLUCU Y, Basoglu O, KARAKURT S, Karakurt Z, KILINC O, Kocabas A, Kul S, Musellim B, Naycı S, Özkan M, Pinarer O, Salturk C, Sandal A, Sayiner A, Doğan E, ŞİMŞEK G, Karadağ B, Tokgoz Akyil F, TOREYIN N, Uçan E, UYANUSTA F, Varol A, Yasin Y, Yıldız T, yorgancıoglu a, Bayram H (2020). COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society. Turkish Thoracic Journal, 21(6), 419 - 432. 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20174
Chicago Kokturk Nurdan,İtil Bahriye Oya,Altinisik Goksel,ADIGÜZEL Nalan,Akgün Metin,AKYILDIZ Levent,ALTIN SEDAT,Arikan Huseyin,ATES GUNGOR,AY NADIYE PINAR,Aykaç Nilüfer,Babayigit Cenk,bostan pinar,CINEL GUZIN,Çalışır Haluk Celaleddin,ÇELİK PINAR,duru cetinkaya pelin,Dagli Elif,demir ahmet,DEMIR CANAN,Dikensoy Oner,ÇAKIR EDİS EBRU,Elbek Osman,ERDINC MUNEVVER,ergan begum,Öner Eyüboğlu Füsun,Gemicioglu Bilun,Göksel Tuncay,Gulhan Selim Sakir Erkmen,Gültekin Ökkeş,Gunduz Gurkan Canan,gurgun alev,HAVLUCU YAVUZ,Basoglu Ozen K,KARAKURT SAİT,Karakurt Zuhal,KILINC OGUZ,Kocabas Ali,Kul Seval,Musellim Benan,Naycı Sibel,Özkan Metin,Pinarer Ozgun,Salturk Cuneyt,Sandal Abdulsamet,Sayiner Abdullah,Doğan Elif,ŞİMŞEK Gökçen,Karadağ Bülent,Tokgoz Akyil Fatma,TOREYIN NUR,Uçan Eyüp Sabri,UYANUSTA Filiz Çağla,Varol Ayhan,Yasin Yesim,Yıldız Tekin,yorgancıoglu arzu,Bayram Hasan COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society. Turkish Thoracic Journal 21, no.6 (2020): 419 - 432. 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20174
MLA Kokturk Nurdan,İtil Bahriye Oya,Altinisik Goksel,ADIGÜZEL Nalan,Akgün Metin,AKYILDIZ Levent,ALTIN SEDAT,Arikan Huseyin,ATES GUNGOR,AY NADIYE PINAR,Aykaç Nilüfer,Babayigit Cenk,bostan pinar,CINEL GUZIN,Çalışır Haluk Celaleddin,ÇELİK PINAR,duru cetinkaya pelin,Dagli Elif,demir ahmet,DEMIR CANAN,Dikensoy Oner,ÇAKIR EDİS EBRU,Elbek Osman,ERDINC MUNEVVER,ergan begum,Öner Eyüboğlu Füsun,Gemicioglu Bilun,Göksel Tuncay,Gulhan Selim Sakir Erkmen,Gültekin Ökkeş,Gunduz Gurkan Canan,gurgun alev,HAVLUCU YAVUZ,Basoglu Ozen K,KARAKURT SAİT,Karakurt Zuhal,KILINC OGUZ,Kocabas Ali,Kul Seval,Musellim Benan,Naycı Sibel,Özkan Metin,Pinarer Ozgun,Salturk Cuneyt,Sandal Abdulsamet,Sayiner Abdullah,Doğan Elif,ŞİMŞEK Gökçen,Karadağ Bülent,Tokgoz Akyil Fatma,TOREYIN NUR,Uçan Eyüp Sabri,UYANUSTA Filiz Çağla,Varol Ayhan,Yasin Yesim,Yıldız Tekin,yorgancıoglu arzu,Bayram Hasan COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society. Turkish Thoracic Journal, vol.21, no.6, 2020, ss.419 - 432. 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20174
AMA Kokturk N,İtil B,Altinisik G,ADIGÜZEL N,Akgün M,AKYILDIZ L,ALTIN S,Arikan H,ATES G,AY N,Aykaç N,Babayigit C,bostan p,CINEL G,Çalışır H,ÇELİK P,duru cetinkaya p,Dagli E,demir a,DEMIR C,Dikensoy O,ÇAKIR EDİS E,Elbek O,ERDINC M,ergan b,Öner Eyüboğlu F,Gemicioglu B,Göksel T,Gulhan S,Gültekin Ö,Gunduz Gurkan C,gurgun a,HAVLUCU Y,Basoglu O,KARAKURT S,Karakurt Z,KILINC O,Kocabas A,Kul S,Musellim B,Naycı S,Özkan M,Pinarer O,Salturk C,Sandal A,Sayiner A,Doğan E,ŞİMŞEK G,Karadağ B,Tokgoz Akyil F,TOREYIN N,Uçan E,UYANUSTA F,Varol A,Yasin Y,Yıldız T,yorgancıoglu a,Bayram H COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society. Turkish Thoracic Journal. 2020; 21(6): 419 - 432. 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20174
Vancouver Kokturk N,İtil B,Altinisik G,ADIGÜZEL N,Akgün M,AKYILDIZ L,ALTIN S,Arikan H,ATES G,AY N,Aykaç N,Babayigit C,bostan p,CINEL G,Çalışır H,ÇELİK P,duru cetinkaya p,Dagli E,demir a,DEMIR C,Dikensoy O,ÇAKIR EDİS E,Elbek O,ERDINC M,ergan b,Öner Eyüboğlu F,Gemicioglu B,Göksel T,Gulhan S,Gültekin Ö,Gunduz Gurkan C,gurgun a,HAVLUCU Y,Basoglu O,KARAKURT S,Karakurt Z,KILINC O,Kocabas A,Kul S,Musellim B,Naycı S,Özkan M,Pinarer O,Salturk C,Sandal A,Sayiner A,Doğan E,ŞİMŞEK G,Karadağ B,Tokgoz Akyil F,TOREYIN N,Uçan E,UYANUSTA F,Varol A,Yasin Y,Yıldız T,yorgancıoglu a,Bayram H COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society. Turkish Thoracic Journal. 2020; 21(6): 419 - 432. 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20174
IEEE Kokturk N,İtil B,Altinisik G,ADIGÜZEL N,Akgün M,AKYILDIZ L,ALTIN S,Arikan H,ATES G,AY N,Aykaç N,Babayigit C,bostan p,CINEL G,Çalışır H,ÇELİK P,duru cetinkaya p,Dagli E,demir a,DEMIR C,Dikensoy O,ÇAKIR EDİS E,Elbek O,ERDINC M,ergan b,Öner Eyüboğlu F,Gemicioglu B,Göksel T,Gulhan S,Gültekin Ö,Gunduz Gurkan C,gurgun a,HAVLUCU Y,Basoglu O,KARAKURT S,Karakurt Z,KILINC O,Kocabas A,Kul S,Musellim B,Naycı S,Özkan M,Pinarer O,Salturk C,Sandal A,Sayiner A,Doğan E,ŞİMŞEK G,Karadağ B,Tokgoz Akyil F,TOREYIN N,Uçan E,UYANUSTA F,Varol A,Yasin Y,Yıldız T,yorgancıoglu a,Bayram H "COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society." Turkish Thoracic Journal, 21, ss.419 - 432, 2020. 10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20174
ISNAD Kokturk, Nurdan vd. "COVID-19 Pandemic and the Global Perspective of Turkish Thoracic Society". Turkish Thoracic Journal 21/6 (2020), 419-432. https://doi.org/10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2020.20174