Çuhacı Han locating in İstanbul-Eminönü, was built in 1728 by one of the famous grand viziers of Ottoman period, Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Pasha, for those engaged in the trade of primroses and today it is used by the jewelry tradesmen. It is one of the inner-city khans with a single courtyard, portico and three-storey plan type. There are shops which are used from the streets, within the structure of the building at the ground floor level. East facade of the khan is blank wall whereas the lower floor of the south and west facades is ashlar, and the upper floor is alternating wall with one row of ashlar limestone and two rows of bricks. Corners of the building are emphasized with ashlar limestone. There are stone and brick birdhouses on south and west facades. Due to the fact that it is very close to the Grand Bazaar, many annexes have been added to the khan, where the circulation is intense, in line with the needs of the users, and the structure has partially moved away from its original state. With the additions made, the plan scheme, portico facades, original materials have changed, and the building has partially moved away from its original form. In addition, because of atmospheric events such as wind and rain, deterioration is observed on building materials today. In this study, the architectural elements, and materials of Çuhacı Han were examined, the factors causing problems in the protection of the khan were revealed. Accordingly, the building should be firstly separated from the annexes. These are, a heavy reinforced concrete stair that damage the structure, and the fillings of the upper floor porches that are open in their original form. Apart from the annexes, many material degradations have been detected on the materials in the building, due to water effect, freeze–thaw cycles and various atmospheric effects. These are cracks, joint gaps, surface loss, abrasion, chipping, pitting, black layer formation, discoloration, efflorescence, plant formation, moss formation. These damages are generally seen on natural stones, bricks, plasters, and iron. In the study, material deteriorations observed in the building were listed and protection recommendations were made for them. Taking the necessary interventions and taking precautions to these problems, then ensuring the continuous maintenance of the building plays a major role in the transfer of this cultural asset, which has an important place in our history, to the next generations in the closest way to its original form.