How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?

Gamze ERYILMAZ, (İskenderun Teknik Üniversitesi, Hatay, Türkiye)
Kamil UNUR, (Mersin Üniversitesi, Mersin, Türkiye)
Yılmaz AKGÜNDÜZ (Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir, Türkiye)
Journal of multidisciplinary academic tourism
2 1
Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2 Sayfa Aralığı: 127 - 142 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-127 İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022

How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?

Öz:
This research is based on social cognitive theory and aims to determine the effects of flow experience and positive and negative emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities on their self-efficacy. The study also aimed to explore the effect of flow experience, self-efficacy, and positive-negative emotions on individuals' life satisfaction. The data were collected through a valid and reliable scale. Convenient sampling method was employed and 434 valid questionnaires were collected between January and April 2018. Hypotheses were tested by multiple regression analysis. Results show the balance between challenges and skills subscale of flow experience and positive emotional state affect self-efficacy. In addition, life satisfaction is affected by flow experience, positive emotions and self-efficacy. Based on the relevant findings and inferences, some suggestions have been developed for the enterprise or operators. Within the scope of the flow experience, balance between challenges and skills can be taken into account by the companies that work with intensive business timetable (for example: businesses where the service is offered on site, such as hotels, restaurants). A further suggestion can be made for managers of sports clubs, fitness center operators, course managers (such as swimming, dancing) and public managers. More individuals should be directed to do physical activities for themselves, regardless of whether they are indoor or outdoor activity.
Anahtar Kelime: Positive Emotions Life Satisfaction Negative Emotions Flow Experience Self-efficacy

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Akgündüz, Y. (2013). Analysis of relationship between job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and self-efficacy in hospitality business. Manisa Celal Bayar University Journal of Social Sciences, 11(01), 180-204.
  • Aşçı, F. H., Çağlar, E., Eklund, R. C., Altıntaş, A., & Jackson, S. (2007). The adaptation study of Dispositional Flow Scale-2 and Flow State Scale-2. Hacettepe Journal of Sport Sciences, 18(4), 182-196.
  • Ayazlar, R. A. (2015). The effect of flow experıence on experience satisfaction and life satisfaction in paragliding (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Adnan Menderes University, Aydın.
  • Ayazlar, R. A., & Yüksel, A. (2018). Flow experience in paragliding: Effects on experience and life satisfaction. Tourism Analysis, 23(4), 461-473. https://doi.org/10.3727/108354218X15391984820396
  • Aykol, B., & Aksatan, M. (2013). A conceptual model and research propositions on the applicability of the flow theory to museum visits. Journal of Marketing and Marketing Research, 12, 69-90.
  • Aysan, F., & Bozkurt, N. (2004, July). Life satisfaction, coping strategies with negative automatic thoughts of the school counsellors: Sample of Izmir province. XIII. National Educational Sciences Congress (pp. 6-9). Inönü University, Malatya.
  • Azar, I. A. S., Vasudeva, P., & Abdollahi, A. (2006). Relationship between Quality of Life, Hardiness, Self-efficacy and Self-esteem amongst Employed and Unemployed Married Women in Zabol. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 1, 104-111.
  • Baek, Y. M. (2017). The moderating effects of flow on the relationship between stress and satisfaction with life, university life satisfaction. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Coperation Society, 18(5), 490-496. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2017.18.5.490
  • Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward an unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84, 191-215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
  • Bandura, A. (1982). Self-Efficacy mechanism in human agency. Amercian Psycholgist. 37(2), 122-147.
  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A Social cognitive theory. NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Bandura, A. (1994). Self-efficacy. In V. S. Ramachaudran (Ed.), Encyclopedia of human behavior (Vol. 4, pp. 71-81). New York, NY: Academic Press.
  • Bandura, A., Caprara, G. V., Barbaranelli, C., Pastorelli, C., & Regalia, C. (2001). Sociocognitive self-regulatory mechanisms governing transgressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(1), 125. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.80.1.125
  • Basom, M. R., & Frase, L. (2004). Creating optimal work environments: Exploring teacher flow experiences. Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning, 12(2), 241-258. https://doi.org/10.1080/1361126042000239965
  • Bryce, J., & Haworth, J. (2002). Wellbeing and flow in sample of male and female office workers. Leisure Studies, 21(3-4), 249-263. https://doi.org/10.1080/0261436021000030687
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2013). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Çakar, F. S. (2012). The Relationship between the Self-Efficacy and Life Satisfaction of Young Adults. International Education Studies, 5(6), 123-130. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v5n6p123
  • Caprara, G. V., Steca, P., Gerbino, M., Paciello, M., & Vecchio, G. M. (2006). Looking for adolescents' well-being: Self-efficacy beliefs as determinants of positive thinking and happiness. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 15(1), 30-43. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1121189X00002013
  • Capri, B., Özkendir, O. M., Özkurt, B., & Karakuş, F. (2012). General self-efficacy beliefs, life satisfaction and burnout of university students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47, 968-973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.765
  • Certel, Y. D. D. Z., Bahadır, Z., Saracaloğlu, A. S., & Varol, S. R. (2015). The investigation of the relation between the high school students’ self efficacy and subjective well-being. Journal of Research in Education and Teaching, 4(2), 307-318.
  • Çetinkaya, E. (2011). Social support and self-efficacy as the predictors of life satisfaction of retired people (Unpublished master’s thesis). Hacettepe University, Ankara.
  • Chen, L. H., Ye, Y. C., Chen, M. Y., & Tung, I. W. (2010). Alegría! Flow in leisure and life satisfaction: The mediating role of event satisfaction using data from an acrobatics show. Social Indicators Research, 99(2), 301-313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9581-z
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstattistik SPSS & LISREL Uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Collins, A. L., Sarkisian, N., & Winner, E. (2009). Flow and happiness in later life: An investigation into the role of daily and weekly flow experiences. Journal of Happiness Studies, 10(6), 703-719. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-008-9116-3
  • Cropanzano, R., Weiss, H. M., Hale, J. M., & Reb, J. (2003). The structure of affect: Reconsidering the relationship between negative and positive affectivity. Journal of management, 29(6), 831-857. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0149-2063_03_00081-3
  • Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). The psychology of optimal experience. New York, NY: Harper&Row.
  • Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2005). Flow happiness science. (S. K. Akbaş, Trans.). Ankara: HYB Publishing.
  • Csikszentmihalyi, M., & LeFevre, J. (1989). Optimal experience in work and leisure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(5), 815-822. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.56.5.815
  • Dağlı, A., & Baysal, N. (2016). Adaptation of the satisfaction with life scale into Turkish: The study of validity and reliability. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 15(59), 1250-1262. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.263229
  • Deniz, M. (2006). The relationships among coping with stress, life satisfaction, decision-making styles and decision self-esteem: An investigation with Turkish university students. Social Behaviour and Personality: An International Journal, 34(9), 1161-1170.
  • Deniz, M. E., Arslan, C., Özyeşil, Z., & İzmirli, M. (2012). Self compassion, life satisfaction, negative and positive affect: A comparison between turkey and other different countries’ university students. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Education Faculty, 33, 424-446.
  • Diener, E., & Emmons, R. A. (1984). The independence of positive and negative affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47(5), 1105-1117. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.47.5.1105
  • Diener, E., & Seligman, M. E. (2004). Beyond money: Toward an economy of well-being. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 5(1), 1-31. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2350-6_9
  • Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13
  • Doğan, Y., & Özdevecioğlu, M. (2009). The effect of positive and negative emotionality on the performance of employees. The Journal of Social Economic Research, 1(18), 165-190.
  • Ehrhardt, J. J., Saris, W. E., & Veenhoven, R. (2000). Stability of life-satisfaction over time. Journal of Happiness Studies, 1(2), 177-205. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010084410679
  • Erkuş, A. (2009). Davranış bilimleri için bilimsel araştırma süreçleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayın Evi.
  • Frase, L. E. (1998). An examination of teachers' flow experiences, efficacy, and instructional leadership in large inner-city and urban school districts. Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, 2-33.
  • Frish, M. B. (2006). Quality of life therapy: Applying a life satisfaction approach to positive psychology and cognitive therapy. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Gençöz, T. (2000). Positive and Negative Affect Schedule: A study of validity and reliability. Turkish Journal of Psychology, 15(46), 19-26.
  • Gupta, G., & Kumar, S. (2010). Mental health in relation to emotional intelligence and self efficacy among college students. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 36(1), 61-67.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Han, S. (1988). The relationship between life satisfaction and flow in elderly Korean immigrants. In Csikszentmihalyi, M. & Csikszentmihalyi, I. (Eds), Optimal experience, (pp. 138-149). United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hong, J. C., Pei-Yu, C., Shih, H. F., Lin, P. S., & Hong, J. C. (2012). Computer Self-Efficacy, Competitive Anxiety and Flow State: Escaping from Firing Online Game. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 11(3), 70-76.
  • Jackson, S. A., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1999). Flow in sports. USA: Human Kinetics.
  • Jackson, S. A., & Eklund, R. C. (2002). Assessing flow in physical activity: The flow state scale-2 and dispositional flow scale-2. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 24, 133–150. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.24.2.133
  • Jackson, S. A., & Marsh, H. W. (1996). Development and validation of a scale to measure optimal experience: The Flow State Scale. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 18, 17-35. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.18.1.17
  • Jackson, S. A., Martin, A. J., & Eklund, R. C. (2008). Long and short measures of flow: The construct validity of the FSS-2, DFS-2, and new brief counterparts. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 30(5), 561-587. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.30.5.561
  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2010). SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri. Anakara: Asil Yayın Dağıtım.
  • Karasar, N. (2002). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Evi.
  • Keskin, E. (2020). Relationships among Self-efficacy, Job Resourcefulness and Job Performance of Hotel Cooks in Cappadocia. Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Tourism, 5 (1), 17-27 . DOI: 10.31822/jomat.691475
  • Kızanlıklı, M. M., & Silik, C. E. (2019). Examination of the self-efficacy of undergraduate students in tourismeducation in terms of academic achievement and individual characteristics. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Social Sciences, 21(1), 269-286. http://doi.org/10.32709/akusosbil.484767
  • Köker, S. (1991). Comparison of normal and problematic adolescents' life satisfaction level (Unpublished master’s thesis). Ankara University, Ankara.
  • Kuppens, P., Realo, A., & Diener, E. (2008). The role of positive and negative emotions in life satisfaction judgment across nations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(1), 66-75. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.95.1.66
  • Larson, R., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1978). Experiential correlates of time alone in adolescence. Journal of Personality, 46(4), 677-693. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1978.tb00191.x
  • Maddux, J. E. (2002). Self-efficacy: The power of believing you can. In Snyder, C. R. & Lopez, S. J. (Eds), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 277-287). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Magyaródi, T., Nagy, H., Soltész, P., Mózes, T., & Oláh, A. (2013). Psychometric properties of a newly established flow state questionnaire. The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being, 1(2), 85-96.
  • Marat, D. (2003, November). Assessing self-efficacy and agency of secondary school students in a multi-cultural context: Implications for academic achievement. Proceedings of the New Zealand and Australian Association for Research in Education Conference (pp. 1- 19), Australia.
  • Mesurado, B., Cristina Richaud, M., & José Mateo, N. (2016). Engagement, flow, self-efficacy, and Eustress of University Students: a cross-national comparison between the Philippines and Argentina. The Journal of psychology, 150(3), 281-299. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2015.1024595
  • Moneta, G. B. (2004). The flow experience across cultures. Journal of Happiness Studies, 5(2), 115-121. https://doi.org/10.1023/b:johs.0000035913.65762.b5
  • Nakamura, J., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2002). The concept of flow. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology (pp. 89-105). New York, NY, US: Oxford University Press.
  • Neugarten, B. L., Havighurst, R. J., & Tobin, S. S. (1961). The measurement of life satisfaction. Journal of Gerontology, 16, 134-143.
  • Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory (2nd ed.) New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • Özdamar, K. (2011). Paket programlar ile istatistiksel veri analizi. İstanbul: Kaan Kitapevi.
  • Özdemir, A. S., Durhan, T. A., & Akgül, B. (2020). Validity and reliability study of adapting flow life scale to recreational activites. Gazi Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 25(2), 107-116.
  • Özer, P., & Topaloğlu, T. (2008). Leadership and motivation- scope theories in motivation. Ankara: Nobel Publishing.
  • Palmer, B., Donaldson, C., & Stough, C. (2002). Emotional intelligence and life satisfaction. Personality and Individual Differences, 33(7), 1091-1100. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(01)00215-x
  • Peterson, C., Park, N., & Seligman, M. E. (2005). Orientations to happiness and life satisfaction: The full life versus the empty life. Journal of happiness studies, 6(1), 25-41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-004-1278-z
  • Reid, D. (2004). The influence of virtual reality on playfulness in children with cerebral palsy: A pilot study. Occupational Therapy International, 11(3), 131-144. https://doi.org/10.1002/oti.202
  • Rheinberg, F., Vollmeyer, R., & Engeser, S. (2003). Die erfassung des flow-erlebens [The assessment of flow experience]. In J. Stiensmeier-Pelster & F. Rheinberg (Eds.), Diagnostik von Selbstkonzept, Lernmotivation und Selbstregulation [Diagnosis of motivation and self-concept] (pp. 261–279). Go¨ttingen: Hogrefe.
  • Şahan, H., Tekin, M., Yıldız, M., Eraslan, M., Yıldız, M., Sim, H., & Yarar, N. D. (2012). Examination of self-efficacy and life satisfaction levels of students receiving education in schools of physical education and sports. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 66, 942-944. doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1329655
  • Sahranç, Ü. (2007). A flow model related to stress control appraisal, general self-efficacy, state anxiety and life satisfaction (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Sahranç, Ü. (2008). A state flow model: The relationships among stress control, general self-efficacy, state anxiety, life satisfaction and state flow. Sakarya University Journal of Education Faculty, 16, 122-144.
  • Schwarzer, R., Bäßler, J., Kwiatek, P., Schröder, K., & Zhang, J. X. (1997). The assessment of optimistic self-beliefs: comparison of the German, Spanish, and Chinese versions of the general self-efficacy scale. Applied Psychology, 46(1), 69-88. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1997.tb01096.x
  • Sekaran, U. (1992). Research methods for business: a skill building approach. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Sidorová, D. (2015). Well-being, flow experience and personal characteristics of individuals who do extreme sports as serious leisure. (Unpublished Doctoral Thesis). Masaryk University. Brno, Czech Republic. Czechia.
  • Singh, B., & Udainiya, R. (2009). Self-efficacy and well-being of adolescents. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 35(2), 227-232.
  • Sipahi, B., Yurtkoru, S., & Çinko, M. (2010). Sosyal bilimlerde SPSS’le veri analizi. İstanbul: Beta Yayınları
  • Tandon, T. (2017). A Study on relationship between self efficacy and flow at work among young adults. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 4(4), 87-100.
  • Telef, B. B. (2011). The study of teachers’ self-efficacy, job satisfaction, life satisfaction and burnout. Elementary Education Online, 10(1), 91-108.
  • Tipton, R. M., & Worthington, E. L. (1984). The measurement of generalized self-efficacy: A study of construct validity. Journal of personality assessment, 48(5), 545-548. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4805_14
  • TÜİK. (2018). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu, http://www.tuik.gov.tr (last accessed: 26. 06. 2018).
  • Turan, N. (2019). A general lıterature revıew on flow experıence. Pamukkale University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, (37), 181-199. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.562564
  • Verbruggen, M., & Sels, L. (2010). Social-cognitive factors affecting clients’ career and life satisfaction after counseling. Journal of Career Assessment, 18(1), 3-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072709340516
  • Warr, P. B., Barter, J., & Brownbridge, G. (1983). On the independence of positive and negative affect. Journal of Personality and Psychology, 44(3), 644-651. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.44.3.644
  • Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Journal of personality and social psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070.
  • Yalnız, A. (2014). Academic self-efficacy: predictive roles of positive and negative affect. Journal of Research in Education and Teaching, 3(2), 95-101.
  • Yeşilay, A., Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1996). (2020, February 5). Turkish adaptation of the general perceived self-efficacy scale. Retrieved from http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~health/turk.htm.
  • Yetim, Ü. (2001). Toplumdan bireye mutluluk resimleri. İstanbul: Bağlam Yayınları.
APA ERYILMAZ G, UNUR K, AKGÜNDÜZ y (2021). How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?. , 127 - 142. 10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-127
Chicago ERYILMAZ GAMZE,UNUR Kamil,AKGÜNDÜZ yilmaz How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?. (2021): 127 - 142. 10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-127
MLA ERYILMAZ GAMZE,UNUR Kamil,AKGÜNDÜZ yilmaz How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?. , 2021, ss.127 - 142. 10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-127
AMA ERYILMAZ G,UNUR K,AKGÜNDÜZ y How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?. . 2021; 127 - 142. 10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-127
Vancouver ERYILMAZ G,UNUR K,AKGÜNDÜZ y How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?. . 2021; 127 - 142. 10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-127
IEEE ERYILMAZ G,UNUR K,AKGÜNDÜZ y "How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?." , ss.127 - 142, 2021. 10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-127
ISNAD ERYILMAZ, GAMZE vd. "How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?". (2021), 127-142. https://doi.org/10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-127
APA ERYILMAZ G, UNUR K, AKGÜNDÜZ y (2021). How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?. Journal of multidisciplinary academic tourism, 6(2), 127 - 142. 10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-127
Chicago ERYILMAZ GAMZE,UNUR Kamil,AKGÜNDÜZ yilmaz How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?. Journal of multidisciplinary academic tourism 6, no.2 (2021): 127 - 142. 10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-127
MLA ERYILMAZ GAMZE,UNUR Kamil,AKGÜNDÜZ yilmaz How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?. Journal of multidisciplinary academic tourism, vol.6, no.2, 2021, ss.127 - 142. 10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-127
AMA ERYILMAZ G,UNUR K,AKGÜNDÜZ y How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?. Journal of multidisciplinary academic tourism. 2021; 6(2): 127 - 142. 10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-127
Vancouver ERYILMAZ G,UNUR K,AKGÜNDÜZ y How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?. Journal of multidisciplinary academic tourism. 2021; 6(2): 127 - 142. 10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-127
IEEE ERYILMAZ G,UNUR K,AKGÜNDÜZ y "How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?." Journal of multidisciplinary academic tourism, 6, ss.127 - 142, 2021. 10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-127
ISNAD ERYILMAZ, GAMZE vd. "How do flow experiences and emotional states of individuals participating in recreational activities affect their self-efficacy perceptions and life satisfaction?". Journal of multidisciplinary academic tourism 6/2 (2021), 127-142. https://doi.org/10.31822/jomat.2021-6-2-127
Sayfa Oluşturulma Tarihi
25-03-2024 16:51

İLETİŞİM

TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM TR Dizin

Yüzüncüyıl, İşçi Blokları Mahallesi

Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu Caddesi No:51/C

06530 Çankaya / ANKARA +90 (312) 298 92 00

trdizin@tubitak.gov.tr

TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM Ulusal Akademik Ağ ve Bilgi Merkezi Cahit Arf Bilgi Merkezi © Tüm Hakları Saklıdır. Gizlilik Politikası Kullanım Şartları