“I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA
Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 57 - 78 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.16953/deusosbil.699754 İndeks Tarihi: 29-07-2022
“I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA
Öz: The U.S. South has been acknowledged to be a microcosm of global souths shapedby multicultural communities and transformed into a global space through border crossings,liminality, and transnational turns, which inevitably led to incredible changes in the field ofsouthern literature. New studies and global movements have given way to multiculturalismthat recognizes the Caribbean, Asian, Hispanic, African, and indigenous presence in theSouth. Multiculturalism ends the black/white and North/ South binaries leaving the age ofsouthern exceptionalism in the past. Through its protagonist Ella Townsend’santhropological study, Erna Brodber’s novel Louisiana (1994) aims to discover thecommonalities between the U.S. South and the circumCaribbean and thus create a syncreticsouthern space that embraces transnational identities and multicultural community.Louisiana as a setting presents hybrid and liminal spaces that depict commonalities betweenthe U.S. South and the Caribbean. This paper’s theoretical concept is based on HomiBhabha’s critical concepts of hybridity and liminality explained in his collection of essayson Colonial Theory, The Location of Culture. Within this context, this paper aims to discussthe relationship between the U.S South and the Caribbean and how these relations definecultural hybridity and identity formation in Louisiana.
Anahtar Kelime: “I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: ERNA BRODBER’İN LOUISIANA ADLI ROMANINDA KARAYİPLER BAĞLANTISI VE ÇOK KÜLTÜRLÜ AMERİKAN GÜNEYİNİN YENİDEN YAPILANDIRILMASI
Öz: Amerika’nın güney eyaletlerini yansıtan küresel güney kavramı mikro kozmik düzeyde çok kültürlü topluluklar tarafından şekillendirilmiştir. Bu kültürel çeşitliğin fiziki sınırları ortadan kaldırdığı ve dolayısıyla bölge insanını ve edebiyatını derinden etkilediği yadsınamaz bir gerçektir. Yeni çalışmalar ve küresel hareketler güneyde Karayip adalarında gelen halklar Asyalı, Afrikalı, Latin kökenli ırkların ve kültürlerin varlığını kabul eden çok kültürlülüğe yol açmıştır. Çok kültürlülük bölgede devam eden kuzey/güney siyah/beyaz gibi dikatomileri ve güneyin istisnai bir bölge olduğu yönündeki görüşleri sonlandırmaktadır. Erna Brodber’s Louisiana (1994) adlı romanı, ana kahraman Ella Townsend`in antropolojik çalışması aracılığıyla, Amerika’nın güney eyaletleriyle Karayipler arasında var olan bu ortaklıkları irdelemektedir. Roman mekân olarak Louisiana eyaletini seçmek suretiyle bu ortaklıkları en iyi ve hibrid bir şekilde sunmaktadır. Çalışma kuramsal okumasına Homi Bhahba’nın The Location of Culture adlı eserinde Postkolonyal kuramında yer alan Hibridite ve eşiktelik kavramlarına dayandırmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Amerika’nın güney eyaletleri ile Global güney arasında nasıl bir bağlantı ve etkileşim olduğunu ve bu ilişkilerin diaspora haklarının hibrid kültürlerini ve kültürel kimlik tanımlamalarını olan etkilerini Louisiana üzerinde irdelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
- Abraham, K. (2004). “Erna Brodber by Keshia Abraham” BOMB Magazine (Winter 2004). http://bombmagazine.org/article/2622/erna-brodber
- Adams, J. (2007). “Introduction: Circum-Caribbean Performance, Language, History.” ‘in Just Below the South: Intercultural Performance In the Caribbean and the U.S. South (2007), 1-24.
- Appadurai, A. (1996). Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
- Bhabha, H. (1994). The Location of Culture. London: Routledge.
- Brown, A. J.B. (1999). Crossing Borders through Folklore: African American Women’s Fiction and Art. Columbia: University of Missouri Press.
- Brodber, E. (1994). Louisiana: A Novel. Jackson: University of Mississippi.
- Burns, L. (2009). Becoming-postcolonial, becoming- Caribbean: Édouard Glissant and the poetics of Creolization. Textual Practice, 23 (1), 99-117.
- Deleuze, G. and Felix G. (2004). A Thousand Plateaus. London: Continuum.
- Gilroy, P. (1993). The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
- Glissant, E. (1989). Caribbean Discourse: Selected Essays. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia.
- Gray, R. (2002). Inventing Communities, Imagining Places: Some Thoughts on Southern Self-fashioning. in Suzanne W. Jones and Sharon Monteith. (eds), South to a New Place: Region, Literature, Culture, (pp.xiii-1): Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.
- Hall, S. (1989). Cultural Identity and Diaspora. In Framework: The Journal of Cinema and Media, 39 (pp. 222-237). Detroit: Wayne State University Press.
- Handley, G. B. (2004). A New World Poetics of Oblivion. Ed. Jon Smith and Deborah Cohn. in Look Away: The U.S. in New World Studies. Durham: Duke University Press.
- Hinrichsen, L. (2015). Possessing the Past: Trauma, Imagination, and Memory in Post-Plantation Southern Literature. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.
- Hobson, F., and Barbara L. (2016). The Oxford Handbook of The Literature of the U.S. South. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Ingersoll, T. (1996). The Slave Trade and the Ethnic Diversity of Louisiana’s Slave Community. Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association. 37 (2), 133-161.
- Lowe, J. W. (2008). Louisiana Culture from the Colonial Era to Katrina. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.
- Lowe, J. W. (2016). Calypso Magnolia: The Crosscurrents of Caribbean and Southern Literature. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
- Monteith, S. (2007). Southern Like Us? The Global South. 1 (1), 66-74.
- Peacock, J.L. (2007). Grounded Globalism: How the U.S. South Embraces the World. Athens: The University of Georgia Press.
- Perdigao, L. K. (2007). “I got over": Memory Mourning and Aesthetics in Erna Brodber's Louisiana.in Come Weep with Me; Loss and Mourning in the Writings of Caribbean Women Writers (pp.74-91) Newcastle, UK; Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
- Roach, J. (1996). Cities of the Dead: Circum-Atlantic Performance. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Roberts, J. E. (2006). Reading Erna Brodber: Uniting Black Diaspora through Folk Culture and Religion. Newport, CT: Praeger Publishing.
- Russell, N. E. “We have something to teach the world:” Interview with Erna Brodber. http://inthefray.org/images/stories/mpn/issues/200105/imagine/brodber2/brodber2- page2.html
- Sanz, I. (2009). Early Groundings for a Circum-Caribbean Integrationist Thought. Caribbean Quarterly, 55 (1), 1-14.
- Teuton, S. K. (2008). Red Land, Red Power: Grounding Knowledge in the American Indian Novel. Durham: Duke University Press.
- Tiffin, H. (1993). Cold Hearts and (Foreign) Tongues: Recitation and Reclamation of the Female Body in the Works of Erna Brodber and Jamaica Kincaid. Callaloo, 16 (4), 909- 921.
- Toland-Dix, S. (2007). This is the Horse. Will you Ride? Zora Neale Hurston, Erna Brodber, and Rituals of Spirit Possession. Eds. Jessica Adams, Michael P. Bibler, and Cécile Accilien in Just Below South Intercultural Performance in the Caribbean and the U.S. South, (191-210). Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.
- Wardi, A. J. (2003). Death and the Arc of Mourning in African American Literature. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
- Zamora, L.P. and Wendy B.F (1995). Magical Realism: Theory, History, Community. Durham: Duke University Press.
| APA | ALTINDIS H (2021). “I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA. , 57 - 78. 10.16953/deusosbil.699754 |
| Chicago | ALTINDIS HUSEYIN “I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA. (2021): 57 - 78. 10.16953/deusosbil.699754 |
| MLA | ALTINDIS HUSEYIN “I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA. , 2021, ss.57 - 78. 10.16953/deusosbil.699754 |
| AMA | ALTINDIS H “I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA. . 2021; 57 - 78. 10.16953/deusosbil.699754 |
| Vancouver | ALTINDIS H “I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA. . 2021; 57 - 78. 10.16953/deusosbil.699754 |
| IEEE | ALTINDIS H "“I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA." , ss.57 - 78, 2021. 10.16953/deusosbil.699754 |
| ISNAD | ALTINDIS, HUSEYIN. "“I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA". (2021), 57-78. https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.699754 |
| APA | ALTINDIS H (2021). “I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 23(1), 57 - 78. 10.16953/deusosbil.699754 |
| Chicago | ALTINDIS HUSEYIN “I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 23, no.1 (2021): 57 - 78. 10.16953/deusosbil.699754 |
| MLA | ALTINDIS HUSEYIN “I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, vol.23, no.1, 2021, ss.57 - 78. 10.16953/deusosbil.699754 |
| AMA | ALTINDIS H “I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2021; 23(1): 57 - 78. 10.16953/deusosbil.699754 |
| Vancouver | ALTINDIS H “I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2021; 23(1): 57 - 78. 10.16953/deusosbil.699754 |
| IEEE | ALTINDIS H "“I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA." Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 23, ss.57 - 78, 2021. 10.16953/deusosbil.699754 |
| ISNAD | ALTINDIS, HUSEYIN. "“I AM THE LINK BETWEEN THE SHORES WASHED BY THE CARIBBEAN SEA”: CIRCUMCARIBBEAN CONNECTIONS AND THE RE-VISIONING THE MULTICULTURAL U.S. SOUTH IN ERNA BRODBER’S LOUISIANA". Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 23/1 (2021), 57-78. https://doi.org/10.16953/deusosbil.699754 |
