The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test

Şerife ÖZŞAHİN, (Doktor Dr., Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü, Konya, Türkiye)
Gülbahar ÜÇLER (Doktor Dr., Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, İktisat Bölümü, Kırşehir, Türkiye)
İstanbul İktisat Dergisi
6 3
Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 71 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 231 - 249 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.26650/ISTJECON2020-0022 İndeks Tarihi: 10-11-2021

The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test

Öz:
In recent years, global tensions, geopolitical risks, political crises,regional conflicts, and wars have played an important role in theincrease of defense expenditures of countries. The economiceffects of increased defense spending have become one of thefrequently discussed topics. The aim of this study is to examinethe causal relationship between defense expenditures andemployment rates in 18 NATO member countries. To this end,the relationship between defense expenditures and employmentrates were analyzed using the Kónya (2006) Bootstrap PanelCausality Test in the post-Cold War period. According to thefindings from the 1991-2018 period, a causality relationshipwas found in 5 of the 18 countries in the panel from defenseexpenditures to employment, and in 3 of the 18 countries fromemployment rates to defense expenditures. Thus, it seemsimpossible to make a general inference about the causalityrelationship between defense expenditures and employmentin NATO member countries
Anahtar Kelime:

NATO Üyesi Ülkelerde Savunma Harcamaları ve İstihdam İlişkisi: Bootstrap Panel Nedensellik Testi

Öz:
Son yıllarda küresel ölçekte yaşanan gerginlikler, jeopolitik riskler, siyasal krizler, bölgesel çatışmalar ve savaşlar ülkelerin savunma harcamalarını artırmasında önemli rol oynamıştır. Savunma harcamalarındaki artış, savunma harcamalarının yol açtığı ekonomik etkileri sıklıkla tartışılan konulardan biri haline getirmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, NATO üyesi 18 ülkede savunma harcamaları ile istihdam oranları arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisini incelemektir. Bu amaçla, Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde savunma harcamaları ve istihdam oranları arasındaki ilişki Kónya (2006) Bootstrap Panel Nedensellik Testi ile analiz edilmiştir. 1991- 2018 döneminden elde edilen bulgulara göre panelde yer alan 18 ülkenin 5’inde savunma harcamalarından istihdama doğru, 3’ünde ise istihdam oranlarından savunma harcamalarına doğru nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, NATO üyesi ülkelerde savunma harcamaları ile istihdam oranı arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisine dair genel bir çıkarımda bulunmak mümkün görünmemektedir.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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APA ÖZŞAHİN Ş, ÜÇLER G (2021). The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test. , 231 - 249. 10.26650/ISTJECON2020-0022
Chicago ÖZŞAHİN Şerife,ÜÇLER Gülbahar The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test. (2021): 231 - 249. 10.26650/ISTJECON2020-0022
MLA ÖZŞAHİN Şerife,ÜÇLER Gülbahar The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test. , 2021, ss.231 - 249. 10.26650/ISTJECON2020-0022
AMA ÖZŞAHİN Ş,ÜÇLER G The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test. . 2021; 231 - 249. 10.26650/ISTJECON2020-0022
Vancouver ÖZŞAHİN Ş,ÜÇLER G The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test. . 2021; 231 - 249. 10.26650/ISTJECON2020-0022
IEEE ÖZŞAHİN Ş,ÜÇLER G "The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test." , ss.231 - 249, 2021. 10.26650/ISTJECON2020-0022
ISNAD ÖZŞAHİN, Şerife - ÜÇLER, Gülbahar. "The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test". (2021), 231-249. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2020-0022
APA ÖZŞAHİN Ş, ÜÇLER G (2021). The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test. İstanbul İktisat Dergisi, 71(1), 231 - 249. 10.26650/ISTJECON2020-0022
Chicago ÖZŞAHİN Şerife,ÜÇLER Gülbahar The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test. İstanbul İktisat Dergisi 71, no.1 (2021): 231 - 249. 10.26650/ISTJECON2020-0022
MLA ÖZŞAHİN Şerife,ÜÇLER Gülbahar The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test. İstanbul İktisat Dergisi, vol.71, no.1, 2021, ss.231 - 249. 10.26650/ISTJECON2020-0022
AMA ÖZŞAHİN Ş,ÜÇLER G The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test. İstanbul İktisat Dergisi. 2021; 71(1): 231 - 249. 10.26650/ISTJECON2020-0022
Vancouver ÖZŞAHİN Ş,ÜÇLER G The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test. İstanbul İktisat Dergisi. 2021; 71(1): 231 - 249. 10.26650/ISTJECON2020-0022
IEEE ÖZŞAHİN Ş,ÜÇLER G "The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test." İstanbul İktisat Dergisi, 71, ss.231 - 249, 2021. 10.26650/ISTJECON2020-0022
ISNAD ÖZŞAHİN, Şerife - ÜÇLER, Gülbahar. "The Relationship between Defense Expenditures and Employment in NATO Member States: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test". İstanbul İktisat Dergisi 71/1 (2021), 231-249. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2020-0022
Sayfa Oluşturulma Tarihi
23-04-2024 20:4

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