The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries
Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 71 Sayı: 1 Sayfa Aralığı: 39 - 57 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.26650/ISTJECON2021-808121 İndeks Tarihi: 10-11-2021
The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries
Öz: Social spending programs began to be implemented in thepost-World War II period owing to the positive developmentsin economic and demographic indicators. In the following years,governments used social spending programs to eliminate incomedifferences between income groups due to their increasingsocial benefit function. Hence, the redistribution of income fromhigh-income groups to low-income groups occurs throughtaxation. The unfairly distributed income lead to not directhuman capital and public resources for productive economicactivities. Accordingly, governments try to minimize or removethe negative effects of income inequality by social spendings.The study aims at investigating the relationship between socialspendings and income inequality in 2009, 2011, the years whenthe effect of the 2008 crisis observed in the world, and 2015not being the crisis year by the OLS method by cross-sectionregression analysis in 30 OECD countries. The analysis resultsshow that an increase in social spending reduces incomeinequality. Moreover, trade openness negatively affects incomeinequality, unemployment increases income inequality, and it ispossible to interpret that the positive effect of social expenditureson income distribution decreased during the crisis years bycompared to the year-based estimation results.
Anahtar Kelime: 30 OECD Ülkesinde Sosyal Harcamaların Gelir Eşitsizliği Üzerindeki Etkisi
Öz: Sosyal harcama programları İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasındaki dönemde yaşanan olumlu ekonomik ve demografik gelişmeler sonucu uygulanmaya başlamıştır. Daha sonraki yıllarda ise hükümetler sosyal faydayı artırma fonksiyonundan dolayı sosyal harcama programlarını gelir grupları arasındaki gelir farklılıklarının giderilmesi amacıyla bir araç olarak kullanmıştır. Böylece, vergilendirme yoluyla gelirin yüksek gelirli gruplardan düşük gelirli gruplara transferiyle yeniden dağıtımı gerçekleşmektedir. Adaletsiz dağıtılan gelir, beşeri sermaye ve kamu kaynaklarının verimli ekonomik faaliyetlere yönlendirilmemesine yol açmaktadır.Bu nedenle hükümetler sosyal harcamalarla gelir eşitsizliğinin olumsuz etkilerini en aza indirmeye veya tamamen kaldırmaya çalışmaktadırlar. Çalışma 2008 krizinin etkisinin dünyada hissedildiği yıllar olan 2009, 2011 ve kriz yılı olmayan 2015 yıllarında seçilmiş 30 OECD ülkesindeki sosyal harcamalar ile gelir eşitsizliği arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Analiz sonuçları, sosyal harcamalardaki artışın gelir eşitsizliğini azalttığını göstermektedir. Aynı zamanda, ticari açıklığın gelir eşitsizliğini olumsuz yönde etkilediği, işsizliğin gelir eşitsizliğini artırdığı ve yıl bazlı tahmin sonuçları karşılaştırıldığında ise, sosyal harcamaların gelir dağılımına yönelik olumlu etkisinin kriz yıllarında azaldığı yorumunu yapmak mümkündür.
Anahtar Kelime: Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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| APA | VERBERİ C, YAŞAR S (2021). The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries. , 39 - 57. 10.26650/ISTJECON2021-808121 |
| Chicago | VERBERİ Can,YAŞAR Sema The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries. (2021): 39 - 57. 10.26650/ISTJECON2021-808121 |
| MLA | VERBERİ Can,YAŞAR Sema The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries. , 2021, ss.39 - 57. 10.26650/ISTJECON2021-808121 |
| AMA | VERBERİ C,YAŞAR S The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries. . 2021; 39 - 57. 10.26650/ISTJECON2021-808121 |
| Vancouver | VERBERİ C,YAŞAR S The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries. . 2021; 39 - 57. 10.26650/ISTJECON2021-808121 |
| IEEE | VERBERİ C,YAŞAR S "The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries." , ss.39 - 57, 2021. 10.26650/ISTJECON2021-808121 |
| ISNAD | VERBERİ, Can - YAŞAR, Sema. "The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries". (2021), 39-57. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2021-808121 |
| APA | VERBERİ C, YAŞAR S (2021). The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries. İstanbul İktisat Dergisi, 71(1), 39 - 57. 10.26650/ISTJECON2021-808121 |
| Chicago | VERBERİ Can,YAŞAR Sema The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries. İstanbul İktisat Dergisi 71, no.1 (2021): 39 - 57. 10.26650/ISTJECON2021-808121 |
| MLA | VERBERİ Can,YAŞAR Sema The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries. İstanbul İktisat Dergisi, vol.71, no.1, 2021, ss.39 - 57. 10.26650/ISTJECON2021-808121 |
| AMA | VERBERİ C,YAŞAR S The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries. İstanbul İktisat Dergisi. 2021; 71(1): 39 - 57. 10.26650/ISTJECON2021-808121 |
| Vancouver | VERBERİ C,YAŞAR S The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries. İstanbul İktisat Dergisi. 2021; 71(1): 39 - 57. 10.26650/ISTJECON2021-808121 |
| IEEE | VERBERİ C,YAŞAR S "The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries." İstanbul İktisat Dergisi, 71, ss.39 - 57, 2021. 10.26650/ISTJECON2021-808121 |
| ISNAD | VERBERİ, Can - YAŞAR, Sema. "The Effects of Social Spending on Income Inequality in 30 OECD Countries". İstanbul İktisat Dergisi 71/1 (2021), 39-57. https://doi.org/10.26650/ISTJECON2021-808121 |
