Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 0 Sayı: 47 Sayfa Aralığı: 269 - 287 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.30794/pausbed.905663 İndeks Tarihi: 23-11-2021

A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE OF NASCENT SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR DISENGAGEMENT

Öz:
Each year, a significant number of grant programs select, award, and support young social entrepreneurs. However, not all can bring their ideas to fruition; many nascent entrepreneurs terminate their efforts before launching the business. Determining why some individuals continue while others disengage is critical to understanding the entrepreneurial process. This study explores factors affecting nascent social entrepreneurs' decisions to disengage. We interviewed 18 social entrepreneurs who intended to start a social venture but decided to terminate the process. The findings suggest that macro-, meso-, and micro-level factors influence nascent social entrepreneurs’ decisions to disengage.
Anahtar Kelime:

GENÇ SOSYAL GİRİŞİMCİLERİN FİKİRLERİNDEN VAZGEÇMELERİNİN FARKLI SEVİYELERDE İNCELENMESİ

Öz:
Her yıl, çok sayıda hibe programı genç sosyal girişimcileri seçmekte, ödüllendirmekte ve desteklemektedir. Fakat, seçilen sosyal girişimcilerin hepsi fikirlerini hayata geçirememekte; pek çok girişimci girişimi kurma aşamasından önce çalışmalarına son vermektedir. Bazı kimseler çalışmalarına devam ederken neden diğerlerinin vazgeçtiklerini belirlemek girişimcilik sürecini anlamak açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışma, sosyal girişimci adaylarının ayrılma kararlarını etkileyen faktörleri araştırmaktadır. Sosyal bir girşim kurmak isteyen ancak süreci sonlandırmaya karar veren 18 sosyal girişimciyle derinlemesine mülakat yapılmıştır. Bulgular, sosyal girişimcilerin ayrılma kararında makro-meso ve mikro faktörlerin etkili olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • Ajzen, I. (1991). “The Theory of Planned Behavior”, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211.
  • Aldrich, H. E., & Fiol, C. M. (1994). “Fools Rush In? The Institutional Context of Industry Creation”, Academy of Management Review, 19(4): 645–670.
  • Aldrich, H. E., Carter, N. M., & Ruef, M. (2004). Teams. In W. B. Gartner, K. G. Shaver, N. M. Carter, & P. D. Reynolds (Eds.), Handbook of Entrepreneurial Dynamics: The Process of Business Creation (pp. 299–310). Thousand Oakes: Sage.
  • Arenius, P., & Minniti, M. (2005). “Perceptual Variables and Nascent Entrepreneurship”, Small Business Economics, 24(3), 233-247.
  • Austin, J., H. Stevenson, and J. Wei-Skillern. (2006). “Social and Commercial Entrepreneurship: Same, Different, or Both?”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 30 (1): 1-22.
  • Bamford, C. E., Bruton, G. D., & Hinson, Y. L. (2006). “Founder/Chief Executive Officer Exit: A Social Capital Perspective of New Ventures”, Journal of Small Business Management, 44(2), 207-220.
  • Bandura, A. (1991). “Social Cognitive Theory of Self-Regulation”, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 248-287.
  • Battilana, J., & Dorado, S. (2010). “Building Sustainable Hybrid Organizations: The Case of Commercial Microfinance Organizations”, Academy of Management Journal, 53(6), 1419-1440.
  • Becker, M., T. Knudsen, and R. Swedberg, Eds. (2011). The Entrepreneur: Classic Texts by Joseph A. Schumpeter. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • Bhide, A. (1999). How Entrepreneurs Craft Strategies That Work. Harvard Business Review on Entrepreneurship, Harvard Business School Press.
  • Busenitz, L. W., Gomez, C., & Spencer, J. W. (2000). “Country Institutional Profiles: Unlocking Entrepreneurial Phenomena”, Academy of Management Journal, 43(5), 994-1003.
  • Busenitz, L. W., & Lau, C. M. (1996). “A Cross-Cultural Cognitive Model of New Venture Creation”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 20(4), 25-40.
  • Cardon, M.S., Zietsma, C., Saparito, P., Matherne, B.P., Davis, C. (2005). “A Tale of Passion: New Insights into Entrepreneurship from A Parenthood Metaphor”, Journal of Business Venturing, 20 (1), 23–45.
  • Caliendo, M., Fossen, F. M., & Kritikos, A. S. (2009). “Risk Attitudes of Nascent Entrepreneurs–New Evidence from An Experimentally Validated Survey”, Small Business Economics, 32(2), 153-167.
  • Carter, N. M., Gartner, W. B., & Reynolds, P. D. (1996). “Exploring Start-Up Event Sequences”, Journal of Business Venturing, 11(3), 151-166.
  • Cooper, A.C., and A.V. Bruno. (1997). “Success Among High-Technology Firms”, Business Horizon, 20 (2), pp. 16- 28
  • Dacin, P. A., Dacin, M. T., & Matear, M. (2010). “Social Entrepreneurship: Why We Don’t Need A New Theory and How We Move Forward From Here”, Academy of Management Perspectives, 24(3), 37-57.
  • Davidsson, P., & Gordon, S. R. (2012). “Panel Studies of New Venture Creation: A Methods-Focused Review and Suggestions for Future Research”, Small Business Economics, 39(4), 853-876.
  • Davidsson, P. and Honig, B. (2003). “The Role of Social and Human Capital Among Nascent Entrepreneurs”, Journal of Business Venturing, 18(3):pp. 301-331.
  • De Carolis, D. M., Litzky, B. E., & Eddleston, K. A. (2009). “Why Networks Enhance the Progress of New Venture Creation: The Influence of Social Capital and Cognition”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(2), 527- 545.
  • Dees, J. G. (1998). The Meaning of Social Entrepreneurship, Stanford University: Draft Report for the Kauffman Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership.
  • Dees, J. G., & Anderson, B. B. (2003). “For-Profit Social Ventures”, International Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 2(1), 1-26.
  • Delmar, F., & Shane, S. (2006). “Does Experience Matter? The Effect of Founding Team Experience on The Survival and Sales of Newly Founded Ventures”, Strategic Organization, 4(3), 215-247.
  • DeTienne, D. R. (2010). “Entrepreneurial Exit as A Critical Component of The Entrepreneurial Process: Theoretical Development”, Journal of Business Venturing, 25(2), 203-215.
  • DeTienne, D. R., & Wennberg, K. (2015). Research Handbook of Entrepreneurial Exit. Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Dimov, D. (2010). “Nascent Entrepreneurs and Venture Emergence: Opportunity Confidence, Human Capital, and Early Planning”, Journal of Management Studies, 47(6), 1123-1153.
  • Dufays, F., and Huybrechts, B. (2017). Entrepreneurial teams in social entrepreneurship: when team heterogeneity facilitates organizational hybridity. In Research Handbook on Entrepreneurial Teams. Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Ebrahim, A., Battilana, J., and Mair, J. (2014). “The Governance of Social Enterprises: Mission Drift and Accountability Challenges in Hybrid Organizations”, Research in Organizational Behavior, 34, 81-100.
  • Ferri, E., and Urbano, D. (2010). Environmental factors and social entrepreneurship, Working Papers 1003, Departament Empresa, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, revised Sep 2010.
  • Francis, D. H., and Sandberg, W. R. (2000). “Friendship within Entrepreneurial Teams and Its Association with Team and Venture Performance”, Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 25(2): 5–26.
  • Gimeno, J., Folta, T. B., Cooper, A. C., & Woo, C. Y. (1997). “Survival of the Fittest? Entrepreneurial Human Capital and The Persistence of Underperforming Firms”, Administrative Science Quarterly, 750-783.
  • Gioia, D. A., Corley, K. G., & Hamilton, A. L. (2012). “Organizational Research”, Organizational Research Methods, 16(1), 15-31.
  • Hechavarria, D. M., Renko, M., & Matthews, C. H. (2012). “The Nascent Entrepreneurship Hub: Goals, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Start-Up Outcomes”, Small Business Economics, 39(3), 685-701.
  • Hietschold, N., & Voegtlin, C. (2021). “Blinded by a Social Cause? Differences in Cognitive Biases Between Social and Commercial Entrepreneurs”, Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 1-23.
  • Hurst, E., & Lusardi, A. (2004). “Liquidity Constraints, Household Wealth, and Entrepreneurship”, Journal of Political Economy, 112(2), 319-347.
  • Kibler, E., Wincent, J., Kautonen, T., Cacciotti, G., & Obschonka, M. (2019). “Can Prosocial Motivation Harm Entrepreneurs’ Subjective Well-Being?”, Journal of Business Venturing, 34(4), 608-624.
  • Kollmann, T., Stöckmann, C., & Kensbock, J. M. (2017). “Fear of Failure As a Mediator of The Relationship Between Obstacles and Nascent Entrepreneurial Activity—An Experimental Approach”, Journal of Business Venturing, 32(3), 280-301.
  • Krueger Jr, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000). “Competing Models of Entrepreneurial Intentions”, Journal of Business Venturing, 15(5-6), 411-432.
  • Lazarus, R. S. (1991). “Cognition and Motivation in Emotion”, American Psychologist, 46(4), 352.
  • Lofstrom, M., T. Bates, and S. C. Parker. (2014). “Why are Some People More Likely to Become Small-Businesses Owners Than Others: Entrepreneurship Entry and Industry-Specific Barriers”, Journal of Business Venturing, 29 (2): 232–251.
  • Lukeš, M., & Zouhar, J. (2016). “The Causes of Early-Stage Entrepreneurial Discontinuance”, Prague Economic Papers, 25(1), 19-36.
  • Lumpkin, G., T. Moss, D. Gras, S. Kato, and A. Amezcua. (2011). “Entrepreneurial Processes in Social Contexts: How are They Different, If at All?”, Small Business Economics, 40 (3): 761–783.
  • Maertz Jr, C. P., & Campion, M. A. (2004). “Profiles in Quitting: Integrating Process and Content Turnover Theory”, Academy of Management Journal, 47(4), 566-582.
  • Menzies, T. V., Diochon, M., Gasse, Y., & Elgie, S. (2006). “A Longitudinal Study of The Characteristics, Business Creation Process and Outcome Differences of Canadian Female Vs. Male Nascent Entrepreneurs”, The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2(4), 441-453.
  • Mergemeier, L., Moser, J., & Flatten, T. C. (2018). “The Influence of Multiple Constraints Along the Venture Creation Process and On Start-Up Intention in Nascent Entrepreneurship”, Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 30(7-8), 848-876.
  • Munoz, P., & Cacciotti, G. (2014). “Understanding Failure and Exit in Social Entrepreneurship: A Protocol Analysis of Coping Strategies”, Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 34(18), 1.
  • Newth, J., & Woods, C. (2014). “Resistance to Social Entrepreneurship: How Context Shapes Innovation”, Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 5(2), 192-213.
  • Nicholls, A. (2010). “The Legitimacy of Social Entrepreneurship: Reflexive Isomorphism in a Pre-paradigmatic Field”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 34 (4): 611–633
  • Parker, S. C., & Belghitar, Y. (2006). “What Happens to Nascent Entrepreneurs? An Econometric Analysis of the PSED”, Small Business Economics, 27(1), 81-101.
  • Piva, E., & Rossi-Lamastra, C. (2017). “Should I Sell My Shares to An External Buyer? The Role of The Entrepreneurial Team in Entrepreneurial Exit”, International Small Business Journal, 35(6), 767-784.
  • Renko, M. (2013). “Early Challenges of Nascent Social Entrepreneurs”,Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,37(5), 1045-1069.
  • Robinson, J. (2006). Navigating social and institutional barriers to markets: How social entrepreneurs identify and evaluate opportunities. In Social entrepreneurship (pp. 95-120). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
  • Saebi, T., Foss, N. J., and Linder, S. (2019). “Social Entrepreneurship Research: Past Achievements and Future Promises”, Journal of Management, 45(1), 70-95.
  • Sequeira, J., Mueller, S. L., and McGee, J. E. (2007). “The Influence of Social Ties and Self-Efficacy In Forming Entrepreneurial Intentions Aad Motivating Nascent Behavior”, Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 12(03), 275-293.
  • Shapero, A., & Sokol, L. (1982). “The Social Dimensions of Entrepreneurship”, Encyclopedia of entrepreneurship, 72-90.
  • Sharir, M., & Lerner, M. (2006). “Gauging The Success of Social Ventures Initiated by Individual Social Entrepreneurs”, Journal of World Business, 41(1), 6-20.
  • Sheeran, P. (2002). “Intention—Behavior Relations: A Conceptual and Empirical Review”, European Review of Social Psychology, 12(1), 1-36.
  • Smith, C. A., & Lazarus, R. S. (1993). “Appraisal Components, Core Relational Themes, and the Emotions”, Cognition & Emotion, 7(3-4), 233-269.
  • Steffens, P., Terjesen, S., & Davidsson, P. (2012). “Birds of a Feather Get Lost Together: New Venture Team Composition and Performance”, Small Business Economics, 39(3), 727-743.
  • Sullivan, D. M. (2007). “Stimulating Social Entrepreneurship: Can Support from Cities Make a Difference?”, Academy of Management Perspectives, Vol 21, No:1, 77-78.
  • Timmons, J. A. (1990). New venture creation: Entrepreneurship in the 1990s. Boston: Irwin.
  • Townsend, D. M., & Hart, T. A. (2008). “Perceived Institutional Ambiguity and The Choice of Organizational Form in Social Entrepreneurial Ventures”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 32(4), 685-700.
  • Triandis, H. C. (1980). “Reflections on Trends in Cross-Cultural Research”, Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 11(1), 35-58.
  • Ucbasaran, D., M. Wright and P. Westhead (2003), “Longitudinal Study of Habitual Entrepreneurs: Starters and Acquirers”, Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 15(3), 207–28.
  • Urbano, D., Toledano, N., & Soriano, D. R. (2010). “Analyzing Social Entrepreneurship From An Institutional Perspective: Evidence From Spain”, Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 1(1), 54-69.
  • Van Gelderen, M., Thurik, R., & Bosma, N. (2005). “Success and Risk Factors in The Pre-Startup Phase”, Small Business Economics, 24(4), 365-380.
  • Van Gelderen, M., Thurik, R., & Patel, P. (2011). “Encountered Problems and Outcome Status in Nascent Entrepreneurship”, Journal of Small Business Management, 49(1), 71-91.
  • Van Stel, A., Storey, D. J., & Thurik, A. R. (2007). “The Effect of Business Regulations on Nascent and Young Business Entrepreneurship”, Small Business Economics, 28(2-3), 171-186.
  • Wasserman, N. (2008). “The Founder’s Dilemma”, Harvard Business Review, 86(2), 102-109.
  • Weinzimmer, L.G. (1997). “Top Management Team Correlates of Organizational Growth in A Small Business Context: A Comparative Study”, Journal of Small Business Management, 35, pp. 1-9
  • Wennberg, K., Wiklund, J., DeTienne, D. R., & Cardon, M. S. (2010). “Reconceptualizing Entrepreneurial Exit: Divergent Exit Routes and Their Drivers”, Journal of Business Venturing, 25(4), 361-375.
  • Yusuf, J. E. (2012). “A Tale of Two Exits: Nascent Entrepreneur Learning Activities and Disengagement from StartUp”, Small Business Economics, 39(3), 783-799.
  • Zahra, S. A., & Wright, M. (2011). “Entrepreneurship’s Next Act”, Academy of Management Perspectives, 25(4), 67-83.
  • Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Hills, G. E. (2005). “The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in The Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1265.
  • Beyan ve Açıklamalar (Disclosure Statements)
  • 1. Bu çalışmanın yazarları, araştırma ve yayın etiği ilkelerine uyduklarını kabul etmektedirler (The authors of this article confirm that their work complies with the principles of research and publication ethics).
  • 2. Yazarlar tarafından herhangi bir çıkar çatışması beyan edilmemiştir (No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors).
  • 3. Bu çalışma, intihal tarama programı kullanılarak intihal taramasından geçirilmiştir (This article was screened for potential plagiarism using a plagiarism screening program).
  • 4. Bu makale için etik kurul izni gerekmemektedir (Ethics committee permission is not required for this article).
APA KELES TAYSIR N (2021). A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE OF NASCENT SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR DISENGAGEMENT. , 269 - 287. 10.30794/pausbed.905663
Chicago KELES TAYSIR NURGUL A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE OF NASCENT SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR DISENGAGEMENT. (2021): 269 - 287. 10.30794/pausbed.905663
MLA KELES TAYSIR NURGUL A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE OF NASCENT SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR DISENGAGEMENT. , 2021, ss.269 - 287. 10.30794/pausbed.905663
AMA KELES TAYSIR N A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE OF NASCENT SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR DISENGAGEMENT. . 2021; 269 - 287. 10.30794/pausbed.905663
Vancouver KELES TAYSIR N A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE OF NASCENT SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR DISENGAGEMENT. . 2021; 269 - 287. 10.30794/pausbed.905663
IEEE KELES TAYSIR N "A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE OF NASCENT SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR DISENGAGEMENT." , ss.269 - 287, 2021. 10.30794/pausbed.905663
ISNAD KELES TAYSIR, NURGUL. "A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE OF NASCENT SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR DISENGAGEMENT". (2021), 269-287. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.905663
APA KELES TAYSIR N (2021). A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE OF NASCENT SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR DISENGAGEMENT. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 0(47), 269 - 287. 10.30794/pausbed.905663
Chicago KELES TAYSIR NURGUL A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE OF NASCENT SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR DISENGAGEMENT. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 0, no.47 (2021): 269 - 287. 10.30794/pausbed.905663
MLA KELES TAYSIR NURGUL A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE OF NASCENT SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR DISENGAGEMENT. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, vol.0, no.47, 2021, ss.269 - 287. 10.30794/pausbed.905663
AMA KELES TAYSIR N A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE OF NASCENT SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR DISENGAGEMENT. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2021; 0(47): 269 - 287. 10.30794/pausbed.905663
Vancouver KELES TAYSIR N A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE OF NASCENT SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR DISENGAGEMENT. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2021; 0(47): 269 - 287. 10.30794/pausbed.905663
IEEE KELES TAYSIR N "A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE OF NASCENT SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR DISENGAGEMENT." Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 0, ss.269 - 287, 2021. 10.30794/pausbed.905663
ISNAD KELES TAYSIR, NURGUL. "A MULTILEVEL PERSPECTIVE OF NASCENT SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR DISENGAGEMENT". Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 47 (2021), 269-287. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.905663