Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 51 Sayı: 3 Sayfa Aralığı: 912 - 920 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.3906/sag-2008-33 İndeks Tarihi: 14-01-2022

Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with favipiravir: early results from the Ege University cohort, Turkey

Öz:
Background/aim: The aim of this descriptive article is to share the experience in Ege University, Turkey with favipiravir in the treatment of severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Materials and methods: This retrospective descriptive study included patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who presented with or developed severe pneumonia. Results: Forty patients who completed a full course (at least 5 days) of favipiravir were included in the study. At baseline, 30 (75%) patients required treatment for respiratory distress. Thirty-three patients (82.5%) were discharged from the hospital with full recovery, 6 patients (15%) died and 1 case (2.5%) was still at the intensive care unit (ICU) when this paper was written. Conclusion: This study provides relevant information for the treatment of COVID-19, suggesting that favipiravir was associated with significant clinical and laboratory improvements in the majority of the patients, is a safe drug with no serious side effects and would merit further investigation.Key words: SARS-CoV-2, favipiravir, COVID-19, coronavirus, pandemic, antiviral therapy
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Araştırma Makalesi Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
  • 1. Adhikari SP, Meng S, Wu YJ, Mao YP, Ye RX et al. Epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the early outbreak period: a scoping review. Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020; 9 (1): 29. doi:10.1186/s40249-020-00646-x
  • 2. De Wilde AH, Jochmans D, Posthuma CC, Zevenhoven-Dobbe JC, Van Nieuwkoop S et al. Screening of an FDA-approved compound library identifies four small-molecule inhibitors of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication in cell culture. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2014; 58 (8): 4875-4884. doi: 10.1128/AAC.03011-14
  • 3. Sheahan TP, Sims AC, Graham RL, Menachery VD, Gralinski LE et al. Broad-spectrum antiviral GS-5734 inhibits both epidemic and zoonotic coronaviruses. Science Translational Medicine 2017; 9 (396). doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aal3653
  • 4. Sheahan TP, Sims AC, Leist SR, Schafer A, Won J et al. Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV. Nature Communications 2020; 11 (1): 222. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13940-6
  • 5. Wang M, Cao R, Zhang L, Yang X, Liu J et al. Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro. Cell Research 2020; 30 (3): 269-271. doi:10.1038/s41422-020-0282-0
  • 6. Yao X, Ye F, Zhang M, Cui C, Huang B et al. In vitro antiviral activity and projection of optimized dosing design of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Clinical Infectious Diseases 2020; 71 (15): 732-739. doi: 10.1093/cid/ ciaa237
  • 7. Chen F, Chan KH, Jiang Y, Kao RY, Lu HT et al. In vitro susceptibility of 10 clinical isolates of SARS coronavirus to selected antiviral compounds. Journal of Clinical Virology 2004; 31 (1): 69-75. doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2004.03.003
  • 8. Chan JF, Yao Y, Yeung ML, Deng W, Bao L et al. Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir or interferon-beta1b improves outcome of MERS-CoV infection in a nonhuman primate model of common marmoset. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 2015; 212 (12): 1904-1913. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiv392
  • 9. Şimşek Yavuz S, Ünal S. Antiviral treatment of COVID-19. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 2020; 50 (SI-1): 611-619. doi:10.3906/sag-2004-145
  • 10. Chen J, Liu D, Liu L, Liu P, Xu Q, et al. A pilot study of hydroxychloroquine in treatment of patients with moderate COVID-19. Journal of Zhejiang University (Medical Science) 2020; 49 (2): 215-219. doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2020.03.03
  • 11. Chen Z, Hu J, Zhang Z, Jiang S, Han S et al. Efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19: results of a randomized clinical trial. MedRxiv 2020. doi: 10.1101/2020.03.22.20040758
  • 12. Gao J, Tian Z, Yang X. Breakthrough: chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies. Bioscience Trends 2020; 14 (1): 72-73. doi:10.5582/bst.2020.01047
  • 13. Gautret P, Lagier JC, Parola P, Hoang VT, Meddeb L et al. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 2020.doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949
  • 14. Gautret P, Lagier JC, Parola P, Hoang VT, Meddeb L et al. Clinical and microbiological effect of a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in 80 COVID-19 patients with at least a six-day follow up: a pilot observational study. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 2020; 34. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101663
  • 15. Million M, Lagier JC, Gautret P, Colson P, Fournier PE et al. Early treatment of COVID-19 patients with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin: a retrospective analysis of 1061 cases in Marseille, France. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101738
  • 16. Cao B, Wang Y, Wen D, Liu W, Wang J et al. A trial of lopinavirritonavir in adults hospitalized with severe Covid-19. New England Journal of Medicine 2020; 382 (19): 1787-1799. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2001282
  • 17. Molina JM, Delaugerre C, Le Goff J, Mela-Lima B, Ponscarme D et al. No evidence of rapid antiviral clearance or clinical benefit with the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in patients with severe COVID-19 infection. Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses 2020; 50 (4): 384. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.006.
  • 18. Liu Y, Gayle AA, Wilder-Smith A, Rocklov J. The reproductive number of COVID-19 is higher compared to SARS coronavirus. Journal of Travel Medicine 2020; 27 (2). doi: 10.1093/jtm/ taaa021
  • 19. Petersen E, Gökengin D. SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology and control, different scenarios for Turkey. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 2020; 50 (SI-1): 509-514. doi:10.3906/sag2003-260
  • 20. Sanche S, Lin YT, Xu C, Romero-Severson E, Hengartner N et al. High contagiousness and rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2. Emerging Infectious Diseases 2020; 26 (7): 1470-1477. doi:10.3201/eid2607.200282
  • 21. Di Gennaro F, Pizzol D, Marotta C, Antunes M, Racalbuto V et al. Coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) current status and future perspectives: a narrative review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020; 17 (8). doi: 10.3390/ijerph17082690
  • 22. Sahu KK, Mishra AK, Lal A. COVID-2019: update on epidemiology, disease spread and management. Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease 2020; 90 (1). doi: 10.4081/ monaldi.2020.1292
  • 23. Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Qin Q. Unique epidemiological and clinical features of the emerging 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) implicate special control measures. Journal of Medical Virology 2020; 92 (6): 568-576. doi: 10.1002/ jmv.25748
  • 24. Hu Y, Sun J, Dai Z, Deng H, Li X et al. Prevalence and severity of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Virology 2020; 127: 104371. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104371
  • 25. Cao J, Tu WJ, Cheng W, Yu L, Liu YK et al. Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 102 patients with Corona virus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2020; 71 (15): 748-755. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa243
  • 26. Piva S, Filippini M, Turla F, Cattaneo S, Margola A et al. Clinical presentation and initial management critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) infection in Brescia, Italy. Journal of Critical Care 2020; 58: 29-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2020.04.004
  • 27. Vincent MJ, Bergeron E, Benjannet S, Erickson BR, Rollin PE et al. Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread. Virology Journal 2005; 2: 69. doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-2-69
  • 28. Sarma P, Kaur H, Kumar H, Mahendru D, Avti P et al. Virological and clinical cure in COVID-19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Medical Virology 2020; 92 (7): 776-785. doi: 10.1002/ jmv.25898
  • 29. Deng L, Li C, Zeng Q, Liu X, Li X et al. Arbidol combined with LPV/r versus LPV/r alone against Corona virus disease 2019: a retrospective cohort study. Journal of Infection 2020; 81 (1): e1-e5. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.002
  • 30. Li Y, Xie Z, Lin W, Cai W, Wen C et al. An exploratory randomized, controlled study on the efficacy and safety of lopinavir/ritonavir or arbidol treating adult patients hospitalized with mild/moderate COVID-19 (ELACOI). MedRxiv 2020. doi: 10.1101/2020.03.19.20038984
  • 31. Ford N, Vitoria M, Rangaraj A, Norris SL, Calmy A et al. Systematic review of the efficacy and safety of antiretroviral drugs against SARS, MERS or COVID-19: initial assessment. Journal of the International AIDS Society 2020; 23 (4): e25489. doi: 10.1002/jia2.25489
  • 32. Furuta Y, Komeno T, Nakamura T. Favipiravir (T-705), a broad spectrum inhibitor of viral RNA polymerase. Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B 2017; 93 (7): 449-463. doi: 10.2183/ pjab.93.027
  • 33. Bai CQ, Mu JS, Kargbo D, Song YB, Niu WK et al. Clinical and virological characteristics of Ebola virus disease patients treated with favipiravir (T-705) - Sierra Leone, 2014. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2016; 63 (10): 1288-1294. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw571
  • 34. Sissoko D, Laouenan C, Folkesson E, M’Lebing AB, Beavogui AH et al. Experimental treatment with favipiravir for ebola virus disease (the JIKI trial): a historically controlled, singlearm proof-of-concept trial in Guinea. PLoS Medicine 2016; 13 (3): e1001967. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001967
  • 35. Du YX, Chen XP. Favipiravir: pharmacokinetics and concerns about clinical trials for 2019‐nCoV infection. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 2020. doi: 10.1002/cpt.1844
  • 36. Cai Q, Yang M, Liu D, Chen J, Shu D et al. Experimental treatment with favipiravir for COVID-19: an open-label control study. Engineering (Beijing, China) 2020; doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.03.007
  • 37. Chen C, Huang J, Cheng Z, Wu J, Chen S et al. Favipiravir versus arbidol for COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial. MedRxiv 2020.doi: 10.1101/2020.03.17.20037432
  • 38. Ahsan W, Javed S, Bratty MA, Alhazmi HA, Najmi A. Treatment of SARS-CoV-2: how far have we reached? Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics 2020; 14 (2): 67-72. doi: 10.5582/ddt.2020.03008
  • 39. Pilkington V, Pepperrell T, Hill A. A review of the safety of favipiravir - a potential treatment in the COVID-19 pandemic? Journal of Virus Eradication 2020; 6 (2): 45-51. doi: 10.1016/ S2055-6640(20)30016-9
  • 40. Shoenfeld Y. Corona (COVID-19) time musings: our involvement in COVID-19 pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and vaccine planning. Autoimmunity Reviews 2020; 19 (6). doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102538
  • 41. Xu Z, Shi L, Wang Y, Zhang J, Huang L et al. Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The Lancet, Respiratory Medicine 2020; 8 (4): 420-422. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30076-X
  • 42. Zhao M. Cytokine storm and immunomodulatory therapy in COVID-19: role of chloroquine and anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibodies. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 2020; 55 (6): 105982. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105982
  • 43. Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2020; 395 (10229): 1054-1062. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
  • 44. Tang N, Bai H, Chen X, Gong J, Li D et al. Anticoagulant treatment is associated with decreased mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients with coagulopathy. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis 2020; 18 (5): 1094-1099. doi: 10.1111/jth.14817
  • 45. Wu C, Chen X, Cai Y, Xia J, Zhou X et al. Risk factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome and death in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA Internal Medicine 2020; 180 (7): 1-11. doi: 10.1001/ jamainternmed.2020.0994
  • 46. Zha L, Li S, Pan L, Tefsen B, Li Y et al. Corticosteroid treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Medical Journal of Australia 2020; 212 (9): 416-420. doi: 10.5694/mja2.50577
  • 47. Scavone C, Brusco S, Bertini M, Sportiello L, Rafaniello C et al. Current pharmacological treatments for COVID-19: what’s next? British Journal of Pharmacology 2020; 177 (21): 4813- 4824. doi: 10.1111/bph.15072
  • 48. Wang Y, Zhang D, Du G, Du R, Zhao J et al. Remdesivir in adults with severe COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet 2020; 395 (10236): 1569-1578. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31022-9
APA Erdem H, Korkmaz P, Caglayan D, Tasbakan m, Yamazhan T, Tasbakan M, Sayiner A, Gokengin D (2021). Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with favipiravir: early results from the Ege University cohort, Turkey. , 912 - 920. 10.3906/sag-2008-33
Chicago Erdem Huseyin Aytac,Korkmaz Pervin,Caglayan Derya,Tasbakan meltem,Yamazhan Tansu,Tasbakan Mehmet Sezai,Sayiner Abdullah,Gokengin Deniz Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with favipiravir: early results from the Ege University cohort, Turkey. (2021): 912 - 920. 10.3906/sag-2008-33
MLA Erdem Huseyin Aytac,Korkmaz Pervin,Caglayan Derya,Tasbakan meltem,Yamazhan Tansu,Tasbakan Mehmet Sezai,Sayiner Abdullah,Gokengin Deniz Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with favipiravir: early results from the Ege University cohort, Turkey. , 2021, ss.912 - 920. 10.3906/sag-2008-33
AMA Erdem H,Korkmaz P,Caglayan D,Tasbakan m,Yamazhan T,Tasbakan M,Sayiner A,Gokengin D Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with favipiravir: early results from the Ege University cohort, Turkey. . 2021; 912 - 920. 10.3906/sag-2008-33
Vancouver Erdem H,Korkmaz P,Caglayan D,Tasbakan m,Yamazhan T,Tasbakan M,Sayiner A,Gokengin D Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with favipiravir: early results from the Ege University cohort, Turkey. . 2021; 912 - 920. 10.3906/sag-2008-33
IEEE Erdem H,Korkmaz P,Caglayan D,Tasbakan m,Yamazhan T,Tasbakan M,Sayiner A,Gokengin D "Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with favipiravir: early results from the Ege University cohort, Turkey." , ss.912 - 920, 2021. 10.3906/sag-2008-33
ISNAD Erdem, Huseyin Aytac vd. "Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with favipiravir: early results from the Ege University cohort, Turkey". (2021), 912-920. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-2008-33
APA Erdem H, Korkmaz P, Caglayan D, Tasbakan m, Yamazhan T, Tasbakan M, Sayiner A, Gokengin D (2021). Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with favipiravir: early results from the Ege University cohort, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 51(3), 912 - 920. 10.3906/sag-2008-33
Chicago Erdem Huseyin Aytac,Korkmaz Pervin,Caglayan Derya,Tasbakan meltem,Yamazhan Tansu,Tasbakan Mehmet Sezai,Sayiner Abdullah,Gokengin Deniz Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with favipiravir: early results from the Ege University cohort, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 51, no.3 (2021): 912 - 920. 10.3906/sag-2008-33
MLA Erdem Huseyin Aytac,Korkmaz Pervin,Caglayan Derya,Tasbakan meltem,Yamazhan Tansu,Tasbakan Mehmet Sezai,Sayiner Abdullah,Gokengin Deniz Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with favipiravir: early results from the Ege University cohort, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, vol.51, no.3, 2021, ss.912 - 920. 10.3906/sag-2008-33
AMA Erdem H,Korkmaz P,Caglayan D,Tasbakan m,Yamazhan T,Tasbakan M,Sayiner A,Gokengin D Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with favipiravir: early results from the Ege University cohort, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021; 51(3): 912 - 920. 10.3906/sag-2008-33
Vancouver Erdem H,Korkmaz P,Caglayan D,Tasbakan m,Yamazhan T,Tasbakan M,Sayiner A,Gokengin D Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with favipiravir: early results from the Ege University cohort, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences. 2021; 51(3): 912 - 920. 10.3906/sag-2008-33
IEEE Erdem H,Korkmaz P,Caglayan D,Tasbakan m,Yamazhan T,Tasbakan M,Sayiner A,Gokengin D "Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with favipiravir: early results from the Ege University cohort, Turkey." Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 51, ss.912 - 920, 2021. 10.3906/sag-2008-33
ISNAD Erdem, Huseyin Aytac vd. "Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with favipiravir: early results from the Ege University cohort, Turkey". Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 51/3 (2021), 912-920. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-2008-33