Yıl: 2021 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 2 Sayfa Aralığı: 111 - 116 Metin Dili: İngilizce DOI: 10.4274/tnd.2020.55770 İndeks Tarihi: 19-01-2022

Non-pharmacologic Approaches to Dysphagia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review

Öz:
Dysphagia, which is frequently seen in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and defined as difficulty in swallowing, can lead to serious complications such as aspiration pneumonia, dehydration, malnutrition, and increases morbidity and mortality rates and decreases quality of life. In patients with MS, dysphagia can be intervened by pharmacologic or surgical methods; this symptom can also be controlled by non-pharmacologic and non-invasive methods such as sensory stimulation techniques, swallowing maneuvers, dietary modifications, and positional swallowing techniques. No previous systematic reviews on the effects of non-pharmacologic or non-invasive methods on dysphagia in MS have been published. The main objective of this study was to summarize and qualitatively analyze published studies on non-pharmacologic or non-invasive methods effects for dysphagia in MS. Within the scope of the study, a detailed literature review was performed and four studies were examined considering the inclusion criteria. The non-pharmacologic applications in the studies are as follows: Traditional dysphagia rehabilitation methods, which include methods such as oral motor exercises and swallowing maneuvers; electrical stimulation, and respiratory muscle exercises. In these studies, dysphagia and/or swallowing-related quality of life were measured with similar scales. It is seen that all of the related interventions have a significant effect on dysphagia and/or swallowing-related quality of life in patients with MS. In conclusion, in light of the information in the literature, non-pharmacologic methods can be said to be effective in the control of dysphagia in patients with MS. In addition, it may be suggested to conduct experimental and more comprehensive studies in this field.
Anahtar Kelime:

Multipl Sklerozlu Hastalarda Disfajiye Yönelik Non-farmakolojik Yaklaşımlar: Sistematik Bir Derleme

Öz:
Multipl sklerozlu (MS) hastalarda sıklıkla görülen ve yutma güçlüğü olarak tanımlanan disfaji; aspirasyon pnömonisi, dehidratasyon, malnütrisyon gibi ciddi komplikasyonlara yol açabilen, morbidite ve mortalite oranlarını artıran ve yaşam kalitesini düşüren bir semptomdur. MS’li hastalarda disfajiye farmakolojik veya cerrahi yöntemlerin yanı sıra, non-farmakolojik ve non-invaziv yöntemlerle de müdahale edilebilmektedir. Disfajinin yönetiminde kullanılan temel nonfarmakolojik yöntemler; duyusal uyarma teknikleri, yutma manevraları, diyet modifikasyonları ve pozisyonel yutma teknikleri olarak sıralanabilir. Yapılan literatür taramasında, MS’li hastalarda disfajinin tedavi ve bakımında non-farmakolojik ve non-invaziv yöntemlere ilişkin bir sistematik derlemeye ulaşılamamıştır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, disfajinin kontrolünde literatürde yer alan non-farmakolojik girişimlerin incelenmesidir. Çalışma kapsamında detaylı bir literatür taraması yapılmış, dahil edilme kriterleri göz önüne alınarak 4 araştırma incelenmiştir. İncelenen çalışmalardaki non-farmakolojik yöntemler; oral motor egzersizler, yutma manevraları gibi yöntemleri içeren geleneksel disfaji rehabilitasyon yöntemleri, elektrik stimülasyonu ve solunum kasları egzersizleridir. Çalışmalarda, disfaji ve/veya yutma ilişkili yaşam kalitesi benzer skalalarla ölçülmüştür. İlgili girişimlerin tamamının, MS’li hastalarda disfaji ve/veya yutma ilişkili yaşam kalitesi üzerinde anlamlı düzeyde etki ettiği görülmektedir. Sonuç olarak, literatürdeki bilgiler ışığında, MS’li hastalarda disfajinin kontrolünde non-farmakolojik yöntemlerin etkin olduğu söylenebilir. Ayrıca, bu alanda deneysel tasarımlı ve daha kapsamlı araştırmalar yapılması önerilebilir.
Anahtar Kelime:

Belge Türü: Makale Makale Türü: Derleme Erişim Türü: Erişime Açık
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APA Kesik G, Özdemir L (2021). Non-pharmacologic Approaches to Dysphagia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. , 111 - 116. 10.4274/tnd.2020.55770
Chicago Kesik Gülşah,Özdemir Leyla Non-pharmacologic Approaches to Dysphagia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. (2021): 111 - 116. 10.4274/tnd.2020.55770
MLA Kesik Gülşah,Özdemir Leyla Non-pharmacologic Approaches to Dysphagia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. , 2021, ss.111 - 116. 10.4274/tnd.2020.55770
AMA Kesik G,Özdemir L Non-pharmacologic Approaches to Dysphagia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. . 2021; 111 - 116. 10.4274/tnd.2020.55770
Vancouver Kesik G,Özdemir L Non-pharmacologic Approaches to Dysphagia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. . 2021; 111 - 116. 10.4274/tnd.2020.55770
IEEE Kesik G,Özdemir L "Non-pharmacologic Approaches to Dysphagia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review." , ss.111 - 116, 2021. 10.4274/tnd.2020.55770
ISNAD Kesik, Gülşah - Özdemir, Leyla. "Non-pharmacologic Approaches to Dysphagia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review". (2021), 111-116. https://doi.org/10.4274/tnd.2020.55770
APA Kesik G, Özdemir L (2021). Non-pharmacologic Approaches to Dysphagia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. Türk Nöroloji Dergisi, 27(2), 111 - 116. 10.4274/tnd.2020.55770
Chicago Kesik Gülşah,Özdemir Leyla Non-pharmacologic Approaches to Dysphagia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. Türk Nöroloji Dergisi 27, no.2 (2021): 111 - 116. 10.4274/tnd.2020.55770
MLA Kesik Gülşah,Özdemir Leyla Non-pharmacologic Approaches to Dysphagia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. Türk Nöroloji Dergisi, vol.27, no.2, 2021, ss.111 - 116. 10.4274/tnd.2020.55770
AMA Kesik G,Özdemir L Non-pharmacologic Approaches to Dysphagia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. Türk Nöroloji Dergisi. 2021; 27(2): 111 - 116. 10.4274/tnd.2020.55770
Vancouver Kesik G,Özdemir L Non-pharmacologic Approaches to Dysphagia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. Türk Nöroloji Dergisi. 2021; 27(2): 111 - 116. 10.4274/tnd.2020.55770
IEEE Kesik G,Özdemir L "Non-pharmacologic Approaches to Dysphagia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review." Türk Nöroloji Dergisi, 27, ss.111 - 116, 2021. 10.4274/tnd.2020.55770
ISNAD Kesik, Gülşah - Özdemir, Leyla. "Non-pharmacologic Approaches to Dysphagia in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review". Türk Nöroloji Dergisi 27/2 (2021), 111-116. https://doi.org/10.4274/tnd.2020.55770