Iron overload is defined as an increase on iron storage with or without tissue damage. Secondary iron overload induced by prolonged oral administration of iron-containing compounds are exceptionally rare. Sixty seven years old female patient admitted to our hospital with the complaint of weakness. She was diagnosed as ß thalassemia minor after laboratory evaluation. We determined secondary iron overload in this patient due to oral ingestion for a long time although not indicated. Iron deficiency anemia was misdiagnosed in place of thalassemia. In this report; This case was presented in the light of the literature. As a result; the cause of hypochromic microcyter anemia was carefully investigated. Thalassemia should be kept in mind for the differantial diagnosis of hypochrome microcyter anemia resistant to ıron therapy in our country that thalassemia carriage is frequent, like Turkey.